Солнечные батареи на основе карбида кремния

SILICON CARBIDE SOLAR CELLS

Теоретическая часть.

Данный лексический материал предназначен для того, чтобы студенты смогли составить высказывание о перспективах исследовательской работы в этой области.

deposition                                            осаждение

epilayer                                                эпитаксиальный слой

anneal                                                   отжиг

photoresponce                                     квантовый выход

versus                                                   против

air mass zero                                        нулевая воздушная масса

saturation                                             насыщенность

drift velocity                                         скорость дрейфа

radii pl. (radius)                                   радиусы

photovoltaic                                         фотогальванический

enhancement                                        повышение, увеличение

jet aircraft                                             реактивное воздушное судно

silicon carbide                                      карбид кремния

inherent                                                присущий

radiation resistance                              сопротивление излучения

Задания

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст.

Silicon Carbide Solar Cells.

The semiconductor silicon carbide (SiC) has long been known for its outstanding resistance to harsh environments (e. g., thermal stability, radiation resistance, and dielectric strength). However, the ability to produce device-quality materials is severely limited by the inherent crystalline defects associated with this material and their associated electronic effects. Much progress has been made recently in the understanding and control of these defects and in the improved processing of the material. Because of this work, it may be possible to produce SiC-based solar cells for environment with high temperatures, light intensities, and radiation, such as those experienced by solar probes.

Electronics and sensors based on SiC can operate in hostile environments where conventional silicon-based electronics (limited to 350ºC) cannot function.

Development of this material will enable large performance enhancements and size reductions for a wide variety of systems – such as high-frequency devices, high-power devices, microwave switching devices, and high-temperature electronics.

These applications would supply more energy-efficient public electric power distribution and electric vehicles, more powerful microwave electronics for radar and communications, and better sensors and controls for cleaner-burning, more fuel-efficient jet aircraft and automobile engines.

The 6H-SiC polytype is promising wide-bandgap (E_g=3.0 eV) semiconductor for photovoltaic applications in harsh solar environments that involve high-temperature and high-radiation conditions. The advantages of this material for this application lie in its extremely large breakdown field strength, high thermal conductivity, good electron saturation drift velocity, and stable electrical performance at temperatures as high as 600ºC. This behavior makes it an attractive photovoltaic solar cell material for devices that can operate within three solar radii of the Sun.

At the NASA Glenn Research Center, several solar cells were fabricated on both thin p -on- n SiC epilayers grown by Cree Semiconductor, Inc. The contacts were made using alloys made by the sequential deposition of various metal layers followed by a rapid thermal anneal at 800ºC. The cell schematics and a resulting device are shown in the preceding figure.

The photoresponce of cells was measured under simulated air mass zero (AM0) conditions.

Задание №2. Заполните пропуски предлогами из списка: for, by, with, by, with, for, in, of

The semiconductor silicon carbide (SiC) has long been known … its outstanding resistance to harsh environment. However, the stability to produce device-quality materials is severely limited … the inherent crystalline defects associated … with this material and their associated electronic effects. Much progress has been made recently in the understanding and control of these defects and … the improved processing … the material. Because of this work, it may be possible to produce SiC-based solar cell … environment with high temperatures, it may be possible to produce SiC-based solar cells … environments with high temperatures, light intensities, and radiation, such as those experienced … solar probes.

Задание 3.Задайте 5 вопросов к предложению.

Much progress has been made recently in the understanding and control of the defects and in the improvement processing of this material.

Вопросы к практическому занятию.

1. Какие грамматические конструкции чаще всего используются в данном тексте?

2. К какому стилю можно отнести данный текст? Приведите доводы в пользу своей точки зрения?

3. На сколько логических частей можно поделить данный текст?

 

Практическое занятие 1 3