Get ready to answer the questions below.

Seminar 12

SIMPLE SENTENCE

Sources:

1. Блох, М.Я. Теоретическая грамматика английского языка / М.Я. Блох. - М.: Высшая школа, 2003. – С. 292-302.

2. Блох, М.Я. Практикум по теоретической грамматике английского языка / М.Я. Блох, Т.Н. Семенова, С.В. Тимофеева. – М.: Высшая школа, 2004. – С. 309-336.

 

 

TASKS

Get ready to answer the questions below.

1. Which sentences are called monopredicative and polypredicative?

2. SELF-STUDY: Which notional parts of the sentence are identified within the traditional classification? (describe principal, secondary, detached parts and their subtypes). Be ready to present this information in the form of a diagram or a table.

3. What are obligatory and optional sentences parts?

4. What is the elementary sentence?

5. What are expanded and unexpanded simple sentence?

6. What are complete and incomp­lete (elliptical) sentences?

7. What are one-axis and two-axis sentences?

8. What is the semantic classification of simple sentences?

9. Who started paradigmatic description of syntax?

10. Name the derivational procedures (transformation steps).

11. What are the two types of derivational relations in the paradigmatic system of sentences?

12. Name the types of phrasalization.

13. Name the predicative functions.

 

 

Find Russian equivalents for the following terms; give definitions.

predicative line, monopredicative, or simple sentences and polypredicative, or composite and semi-composite sentences, elementary simple sentence, expanded and unexpanded sentences, the axes of the sentence, complete (two-member, two-axis) and incomplete (one-member, one-axis) sentences, free and fixed one-axis sentences, kernel sentence, derivational procedures (syntactic transformations), phrasalization, nominalization (complete and partial), clausalization, predicative load, lower and higher predicative load, predicatively (non-) loaded sentences, light and heavy predicative load

Define the type of the subject and the predicate of the following sentences.

MODEL: It was a cold autumn weather.

The subject of this sentence "it" is impersonal factual. The predicate "was cold autumn weather" is compound nominal.

 

1. Car's right outside. You might want to button your coat up, though, it's freezing out there (Baldacci). 2. Good gracious, Mr. Holmes, you are surely not going to leave me in this abrupt fashion! (Doyle) 3. Tomorrow is the examination (Doyle). 4. She began to cry again, but he took no notice (Lawrence). 5. A great flash of anguish went over his body (Lawrence). 6. She walked away from the wall towards the fire, dizzy, white to the lips, mechanically wiping her small, bleeding mouth (Lawrence). 7. He sat motionless (Lawrence). 8. Then, gradually, her breath began to hiss, she shook, and was sobbing silently, in grief for herself. Without looking, he saw. It made his mad desire to destroy her come back (Lawrence).

Are the sentences below

а) impersonal (factual or perceptional) or personal (human or non-human);

b) process featuring (actional or statal) or substance featuring (factual or perceptional);

c) subjective, objective or neutral (potentially objective)?

1) Things were going on smoothly. 2) You cannot eat your cake and have it. 3) Can you help? 4) It is getting darker and darker. 5) Some don't like light music, others don’t like classical music. 6) At dawn, fighting broke out with renewed force. 7) Who could do such a thing? 8) I don't understand a thing in this paragraph. 9) It is late. 10) Mary's cakes taste delicious. 11) She didn't want to wake them.

 

8. Analyse the derivative history of these sentences: define the kernel sentence and the transformation steps used to form the final sentence.

Model: She couldn't do it. ß She did it; transformations include the use of functional words (modal verb could and negative particle not;

What did she do? ß She did it; transformations include the use of functional words do and what, substitution (what ß it), positional arrangement.

1) She may join us. 2) Stay away from me! 3) Who told you that? - Your wife. 4) If only he could forgive us! 5) She seemed to be surprised, as if she didn't know everything beforehand.

 

Seminar 12

SIMPLE SENTENCE

Sources:

1. Блох, М.Я. Теоретическая грамматика английского языка / М.Я. Блох. - М.: Высшая школа, 2003. – С. 292-302.

2. Блох, М.Я. Практикум по теоретической грамматике английского языка / М.Я. Блох, Т.Н. Семенова, С.В. Тимофеева. – М.: Высшая школа, 2004. – С. 309-336.

 

TASKS

Are the sentences below

а) impersonal (factual or perceptional) or personal (human or non-human);

b) process featuring (actional or statal) or substance featuring (factual or perceptional);

c) subjective, objective or neutral (potentially objective)?

1) Things were going on smoothly.	а) personal (non-human, inanimate); b) process featuring (actional); c) subjective
2) You cannot eat your cake and have it.	а) personal (human); b) process featuring (actional/statal); c) objective
3) Can you help?	а) personal (human); b) process featuring (actional); c) neutral (potentially objective)
4) It is getting darker and darker.	а) impersonal (factual); b) process featuring (actional); c) subjective
5) Some don't like light music, others don’t like classical music.	а) personal (human); b) process featuring (statal); c) objective
6) At dawn, fighting broke out with renewed force.	а) personal (non-human); b) process featuring (actional); c) subjective
7) Who could do such a thing?	а) personal (human); b) process featuring (actional); c) objective
8) I don't understand a thing in this paragraph.	а) personal (human); b) process featuring (statal) c) objective
9) It is late.	а) impersonal (factual); b) substance featuring (factual); c) subjective
10) Mary's cakes taste delicious.	а) personal (non-human); b) substance featuring (perceptional); c) subjective,
11) She didn't want to wake them.	а) personal (human); b) process featuring (statal); c) objective,

 

8. Analyse the derivative history of these sentences: define the kernel sentence and the transformation steps used to form the final sentence.

Model: She couldn't do it. ß She did it; transformations include the use of functional words (modal verb could and negative particle not;

What did she do? ß She did it; transformations include the use of functional words do and what, substitution (what ß it), positional arrangement.

1) She may join us. ß She joins us. transformations include the use of functional words (modal verb may)

2) Stay away from me! ß You stay away from me. transformations include deletion (you)

3) Who told you that? - Your wife. ß Your wife told you that. transformations include the use of functional words (who), deletion, intonation arrangement

4) If only he could forgive us! ß He forgives us transformations include the use of functional words (modal could, if, only), intonation arrangement

5) She seemed to be surprised, as if she didn't know everything beforehand. ß She is surprised. She knew everything beforehand. transformations include the use of functional words (seemed, as if, did, not), intonation arrangement

 

Test for seminar 12

1. Define the type of the sentence on the base of positional parts presentation: I am a teacher.

A. expanded                                      B. unexpanded

Test for seminar 12

1. Define the type of the sentence on the base of positional parts presentation: I am a teacher.

A. expanded                                      B. unexpanded

B.

2.

My sister (a), subject

Mary (b), enclosure

was once a cheer (c) attribute

leader (d)   nominal predicative

at school (e). adv. modifier

3. B. incomplete (one-axis) sentence with free ellipsis

B.

5.

1) A b, B b, C a

2) A b, B a, C b

6.

1) A

2) B

Derivation

A. B. G.

 

Seminar 12

SIMPLE SENTENCE

Sources:

1. Блох, М.Я. Теоретическая грамматика английского языка / М.Я. Блох. - М.: Высшая школа, 2003. – С. 292-302.

2. Блох, М.Я. Практикум по теоретической грамматике английского языка / М.Я. Блох, Т.Н. Семенова, С.В. Тимофеева. – М.: Высшая школа, 2004. – С. 309-336.

 

 

TASKS

Get ready to answer the questions below.

1. Which sentences are called monopredicative and polypredicative?

2. SELF-STUDY: Which notional parts of the sentence are identified within the traditional classification? (describe principal, secondary, detached parts and their subtypes). Be ready to present this information in the form of a diagram or a table.

3. What are obligatory and optional sentences parts?

4. What is the elementary sentence?

5. What are expanded and unexpanded simple sentence?

6. What are complete and incomp­lete (elliptical) sentences?

7. What are one-axis and two-axis sentences?

8. What is the semantic classification of simple sentences?

9. Who started paradigmatic description of syntax?

10. Name the derivational procedures (transformation steps).

11. What are the two types of derivational relations in the paradigmatic system of sentences?

12. Name the types of phrasalization.

13. Name the predicative functions.