Topic 10. Difficult children

Task 22. Read the text and answer the questions after it.

Difficult Children

The difficult child is the child who is unhappy. He is at war with himself, and in consequence, he is at war with the world. A difficult child id nearly always made difficult by wrong treatment at home. He is deprived of freedom.

The usual argument against freedom for children is this: life is hard, and we must train the children so that they will fit into life later on. We must therefore discipline them. If we allow them to do what they like, how will they ever be able to exercise self-discipline?

To impose anything by authority is wrong. Obedience must come from within – not be imposed from without. The problem child is the child who is pressured into obedience and persuade through fear. Fear can be a terrible thing in a child’s life! Fear must be entirely eliminated – fear of adults, fear of punishment, fear of disapproval. Only hate can flourish in the atmosphere of fear!

The happiest homes are those in which the parents are frankly honest with their children without moralizing. Fear does not enter these homes. Father and son are pals. Love can thrive. In other homes love is crushed by fear. Pretentious dignity and demanded respect hold love aloof. Compelled respect always implies fear. The happiness and well-being of children depend on a degree of love and approval we give them. We must be on the child’s side. Being on the side of the child is giving love to the child – not possessive love – not sentimental love – just behaving to the child in such a way the child feels you love him and approve of him.

Home plays many parts in the life of the growing child, it is the natural source of affection, the place where he can live with the sense of security; it educates him in all sorts of ways, provides him with his opportunities of recreation, it affects his status in society.

Children need affection. Of all the functions of the family that of providing an affectionate background for children and adolescence has never been more important than it is today. Child study has enabled us to see how necessary affection is in ensuring proper emotional development; and the stresses and strains of growing up in modern urban society have the effect of intensifying the yearning for parental regard.

The childhood spent with heartless, indifferent or quarrelsome parents or in a broken home makes a child permanently embittered. Nothing can compensate for lack of parental affection. When the home is a loveless one, the children are impersonal and even hostile.

Approaching adolescence children become more independent of their parents. They are now more concerned with what other kids say or do, they go on loving their parents deeply underneath, but they don’t show it on the surface. They no longer want to be loved as a possession or as an appealing child. They are gaining a sense of dignity as individuals, and they like to be treated as such. They develop a stronger sense of responsibility about matters that they think are important.

From their need to be less independent on their parents, they turn more to trusted adults outside the family for ideas and knowledge.

In adolescence aggressive feelings become much stronger. In this period, children will play an earnest game of war. There may be arguments, roughhousing and even real fights. Is gun-play good or bad for children?

For many years educators emphasized its harmlessness, even when thoughtful parents expressed doubt about letting their children have pistols and other warlike toys. It was assumed that in the course of growing up children have a natural tendency to bring their aggressiveness more and more under control.

But nowadays educators and physicians would give parents more encouragement in their inclination to guide children away from violence of any kind, from violence of gun-play and from violence on the screen. Parents should firmly stop children’s war-game or any other kind of playing that generates into deliberate cruelty or meanness. One can’t be permissive about such things. We should bring up the next generation with a greater respect for the law and for other people’s rights.

 

1) What are the reasons of children’s being difficult?

2) What makes a child unhappy?

3) Why do many adults attach importance to obedience?

4) What kinds of fear does a child experience?

5) What kind of atmosphere is necessary for child’s proper emotional development?

6) What is peculiar about children approaching adolescence?

7) What are the dangerous symptoms of a problem child?

Task 23. Find in the text, translate and learn by heart the following words and word combinations.

1) в результате, 2) отношение к кому-либо / обращение с кем-либо, 3) быть лишенным свободы, 4) постепенно приспособиться к жизни, 5) поэтому, 6) научиться быть дисциплинированным, 7) навязывать, 8) извне, 9) послушание, 10) убедить / уговорить, 11) страх, 12) полностью, 13) исключать / устранять, 14) неодобрение, 15) процветать (два варианта), 16) друзья / кореша, 17) держать в стороне, 18) заставлять, 19) благополучие, 20) одобрение, 21) собственническая любовь, 22) источник любви, 23) чувство безопасности, 24) обеспечивать, 25) отдых и развлечения, 26) детство, 27) подростковый период, 28) давать возможность, 29) обеспечение, 30) напряжение, 31) усиление, 32) очень сильно хотеть / жаждать, 33) внимание / уважение, 34) жестокий, 35) безразличный, 36) сварливый, 37) постоянно озлобленный, 38) компенсировать, 39) недостаток родительской любви, 40) враждебный, 41) беспокоиться, 42) приобретать чувство собственного достоинства, 43) чувство ответственности, 44) обращаться к, 45) грубость, 46) брать под контроль, 47) склонность / желание, 48) уберечь от жестокости, 49) преднамеренная жестокость, 50) подлость.

Task 24. Decide if the following statements are true or false.

1) A child should be obedient; obedience must be imposed from without.

2) The happiest homes are those where love and affection flourish.

3) Giving a child possessive, sentimental love means being on the side of the child.

4) Heartless, indifferent or quarrelsome parents, broken home make a child permanently embittered.

5) Parents nowadays are apt to guide children away from violence of any kind.

 

Task 25. Read the abstract from the dialogue between Mrs. Thomson, a pedagogue, and Martin, a difficult teenager, and discuss it.

Martin: Mrs. Thomson, why do you think I should help my parents after school? I want to have a rest not

less than they. They come home and rest. I want to rest from my classes…

Mrs. Thomson: You know, children and parents have an equal right to free time. They work, earn money to provide

you with good education, food, clothes, comfort… You should respect them and understand that

they are worthy caring for them as well as they do take care of you.

Martin: I do really love and respect them. I am under years yet. When I finish school, I will find a job. I am

not going to live them off.

Mrs. Thomson: I hope so. But Martin you also must help them about the house. All members of the family must do

an equal share of the housework according to age and ability. I would recommend you to make up a

list of duties. You could allocate your time. You would know your amount or work. It would be up

to decide when to fulfill it, when to go for a walk, when to have a rest, when to watch TV and what

not…

Martin: They do not let me invite my friends on weekdays. It doesn’t matter if I have done all duties or got a

good mark.

Mrs. Thomson: Do you listen to music?

Martin: Who doesn’t?

Mrs. Thomson: Do you discuss your problems with mum and dad?

Martin: Yes, we always try to find the best way to solve them.

Mrs. Thomson: Do you speak loud?

Martin: Well… It depends on a situation. Sometimes…

Mrs. Thomson: You must think of how tired they are at the end of their working day. They want silence, comfort

and cosiness. Count with their wish and opinion. You may bring your friends when are at work or

somewhere out, at weekends, for example. I am sure you are not going to have any problems at all.

Martin: I should think about it.

Mrs. Thomson: And do not go to bed too late. You may go to bed when you like, but remember: your school starts

at 8 o’clock. You may be sleepy, tired and even irritated. Mind it.

Martin: I will. I do not like when my parents criticize me in public, before my friends in particular. They

may even cancel our plans suddenly or break a promise. It is important for me right now. I probably

won’t need it later.

Mrs. Thomson: I think they postpone them, not break. You’ll see in a week, or earlier, they’ll allow you to do what

they promised you to. Your parents are very good people…

Martin: They are, but they should count with my opinion too. I am a grown-up already. I am a personality.

Mrs. Thomson: No doubt you are, but in the future you’ll have your own children and face problems. I wish you

only happiness.

Martin: Thank you, Mrs. Thomson. I’ll try to do my best to find a common language with my parents. See

you next Friday.

Mrs. Thomson: Good-bye, Martin.

 

Task 26. Find in the text, translate and learn by heart the following words and word combinations.

1) поровну делить домашние обязанности, 2) составить список обязанностей, 3) выделить время, 4) ты бы сам решал, 5) выполнять, 6) считаться с чьим-либо мнением, 7) сонный, 8) раздражительный, 9) критиковать при всех, 10) особенно, 11) отменять, 12) нарушать обещания, 13) откладывать, 14) взрослый, 15) сталкиваться с проблемами, 16) решать проблемы, 17) пытаться сделать все зависящее, 18) найти общий язык с, 19) личность, 20) громко разговаривать.

 

Topic 11. Young generation

Task 27. Read the text and answer the questions after it.

Human relationship is one of the most complicated puzzles in life. It is because it contains a huge amount of various aspects in the first place. Relationship between generations is not an exception. The main difficulty which generations face is their completely different backgrounds. It is different environment they were brought up in which creates a huge gap between them. That’s why the attitudes to the simplest things in life are different. For example, most of our grandparents tend to store various useless (from our point of view) things because at their time those things were hard to buy. And we, their grandchildren on the contrary throw much away because we are brought up in the ‘era of consumers’.

Rapid development of technology makes the gap even wider. New technical devices appear so quickly that it is difficult for granddads and grandmas to adapt to them. Some grandparents are more flexible and they start using those devices with pleasure. But for the great many of them such concepts as the Internet, mobile phone or MP3 player are abstract.

These are factors we can hardly influence. But there is a cause for the gap between generations that is in our power but we do nothing to solve it – it’s our willingness to understand each other or to communicate with each other. We say we have no time, our time is stretched to its limits, we are busy as beavers – these are only excuses! We have to earn money – it’s really so, but the one who loves and cares will find time, whatever it costs him. Family is for some reason not in the priority this day. Business, success and money are number one goals.

To cut a long story short, we have to pay attention to the things in life, which really matter. They are our nearest and dearest. The rest will wait.

1) What is the generation gap?

2) What’s the reason of the generation gap?

3) Why do grandparents usually tend to store a lot of old and useless things?

4) How does rapid development of technology influence the generation gap?

5) What are number one goals nowadays?

6) How can we overcome the generation gap?

 

Task 28. Read the text and choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each space (1-8).