State whether the following statements are true or false. Comment on the true statements and correct the false ones.

UNIT 1

DEFINITION OF TOURISM

Active vocabulary

to appear	появляться; возникать
in the early 19^th century	в начале XIX века
to be closely associated	быть тесно связанным; ассоциироваться
accepted	общепринятый
voyage	путешествие
to accommodate (smb.)	предоставлять жилье (кому-либо)
to cater (to smth.)	заботиться (о чем-либо); обеспечивать (клиентов) (чем-либо)
needs and wants	потребности и желания
convention	совещание, съезд, конкуренция (деловая встреча представителей одной профессии или организации
to gain	добиваться; достигать
hotelier	владелец гостиницы или её управляющий
to fill	наполнять; заполнять
official	чиновник
marketer	специалист по маркетингу; маркетолог
supplier	поставщик
nonprofit	некоммерческий
state	штат
ownership	вид собственности
in terms (of smth)	с точки зрения, с позиции (чего-л.)
government	государственный
quasi-government	при частичном управлении государственных структур
private	частный, негосударственный
industry sector	отрасль промышленности
accessibility	доступность
to experience	увидеть воочию, ознакомиться
to be involved (with smth)	быть связанным (с чем-л.)
flexible work hours	гибкий рабочий график
retirement	уход на пенсию
to further	способствовать дальнейшему развитию
to disturb	препятствовать, мешать
destruction	разрушение
natural site	заповедное место
trend	тенденция; основное направление
to avoid	избегать
pollution	загрязнение окружающей среды
ecotourism	экологический туризм

Read the text and translate it. While reading the text try and find answers to these questions:

1. When did the word tourism appear in the English language?

2. What was the word tour previously associated with?

3. How can tourism disturb a national culture?

 

DEFINITION OF TOURISM

The word tourism did not appear in the English language until the early nineteenth century. The word tour was more closely associated with the idea of a voyage or perhaps a theatrical tour than with the idea of an individual 'traveling for pleasure purposes, which is the accepted use of the word today.' Webster's Tenth Collegiate Dictionary defines a tourist as 'one that makes a tour for pleasure or culture'.

Tourism can be defined as the science, art, and business of attracting and transporting visitors, accommodating them, and graciously catering to their needs and wants. A tourist, by United Nations (U.N.) definition, is a person who stays for more than one night and less than a year. Busi­ness and convention travel is included in this definition.

For many developing nations, tourism represents a relatively high percentage of gross national product and an easy way of gaining a bal­ance of trade with other nations.

Tourism means different things to different people. For example, a hotelier might say that tourism is wonderful because it brings guests who fill rooms and restaurants. However, a government official might define it as the economic benefit of more money coming into the country, state, or city. Tourism can also be defined as the idea of attracting, accommo­dating, and pleasing groups or individuals traveling for pleasure or busi­ness. In order to simplify tourism, it is sometimes categorized in terms of the following factors:

Geography: International, regional, national, state, provincial, country, city.

Ownership: Government, quasi-government, private.

Function: Regulators, suppliers, marketers, developers, consult­ants, researchers, educators, publishers, professional associations, trade organizations, consumer organiza­tions.

Industry: Transportation (air, bus, rail, auto, cruise), travel agents, tour wholesalers, lodging, attractions, recreation.

Motive: Profit or nonprofit.

So, as it is clearly seen, tourism can be categorized by — geography, ownership, function, industry, and travel motive.

Industry practitioners use these categories to identify and interact with the various industry sectors and organizations involved with tourism.

Physical needs, the desire to experience other cultures, and an inter­est in meeting new people are some of the motives people have when they travel. Because of flexible work hours, early retirement, and the easy accessibility of traveling, tourism is constantly growing.

From a social and cultural perspective, tourism can further interna­tional understanding and economically improve a poor country. How­ever, it can also disturb a culture by confronting it with mass tourism, causing the destruction of natural sites. A trend in avoiding tourism pol­lution is ecotourism.

Vocabulary focus

Match the equivalents

1) room	а) вызвать, быть причиной
2) wonderful	b) представлять собой
3) balance	c) номер в гостинице
4) grow	d) чудесный, восхитительный
5) constantly	e) расти, увеличиваться
6) cause	f) равновесие
7) use	g) использование, применение
8) represent	h) постоянно
9) benefit	i) упрощать
10) simplify	j) благо, выгода; польза

2. Match the synonyms:

1) voyage	a) benefit
2) rich	b) travel
3) various	c) formal
4) easy	d) some
5) profit	e) continuously
6) several	f) different
7) official	g) simple
8) constantly	h) well-off
9) grow	i) international
10) global	j) increse

 

3. Match the antonyms:

1) early	a) new
2) old	b) late
3) disturb	c) business
4) pleasure	d) further
5) difficult	e) easy
6) less	f) day
7) night	g) more
8) high	h) low
9) improve	i) poor
10) well-off	j) worsen
11) close	k) far-off

4. Match the words with their definitions:

1) cater	a) concerning the body rather than the mind
2) ecotourism	b) the business for providing holidays for tourists
3) motel	c) a journey on a ship for pleasure, especially one that involves visiting a series of places
4) physical	d) provide people with something they want or need, especially something unusual or special
5) tour	e) a building where you pay to stay in a room and have meals
6) hotel	f) someone who is paying money to stay at a hotel or eat in a restaurant
7) guest	g) the business of creating and selling holidays that give people the chance to learn about a natural envi­ronment and cause as little damage to the environ­ment as possible
8) cruise	h) a journey during which several places are visited
9) tourism	i) a hotel for people who are traveling by car
10) manager	j) the dark part of each day, when the sun cannot be seen
11) night	k) someone whose job is to organize and control the work of a business or organization or a part of it

5. Insert prepositions where necessary:

1. The word tour was associated … the idea of voyage.

2. A lot of people travel … for pleasure purposes.

3. There are more and more TV shows catering … young male audiences.

4. A tourist is a person who is away from his usual residence … more than 24 hours.

5. For a government official tourism is the economic benefit of money coming … the country, state or city.

6. Tourism can be characterized … terms … different factors.

7. New procedures often disturb … the comfortable habits of the workforce.

8. Customers are confronted … a bewildering amount of choice.

 

6. Translate the sentences into English:

Comprehension

7. Answer the questions on the text:

1. What is a modern definition of the term tourist?

2. How can tourism be defined?

3. What is a United Nations definition of the term tourist?

4. What does tourism represent for developing nations?

5. What various things may the word tourism mean to different people?

6. Why does the word tourism mean different things to different people?

7. In what terms can tourism be categorized?

8. How can tourism improve a poor country's economy?

9. What factors contribute to the constant growing of tourism?

10. What factors contribute to the constant growing of tourism?

11. What kind of tourism can prevent the destruction and pollution of natural sites? Why?

8. Complete the sentences using proper words and phrases in the box:

groups or individuals; tourism; other cultures; a poor country; a balance of trade; accessibility

1. Tourism is constantly growing due to the easy __________ of traveling.

2. Developing nations can easily gain ________ with other nations via tourism.

3. Tourism means attracting, accommodating, and pleasing _________ traveling for pleasure or culture.

4. The desire to experience ________is one of the motives people have when they travel.

5. Tourism can economically improve__ ____________.

6. For Russia, ________ represents a very low percentage of gross national product.

 

Discussion

9. Give a definition of the term tourism using the following words and phrases:

- traveling for pleasure purposes - the accepted use of the word today

- business and convention travel - to travel for pleasure or business

- to include - to categorize

- in terms of - factor

- to attract - to accommodate

- group - individual

- trend - to avoid tourism pollution

- ecotourism - industry

After having done the task describe the travel and tourism industry in detail.

 

Give a summary of the text.

UNIT 2

PEOPLE IN TOURISM

 

ACTIVE VOCABULARY

 

accommodation размещение

to accompany сопровождать

animator аниматор

to arrange организовывать

arrangements организация (чего-либо)

artistic артистичный

arts искусство; художественный

to book бронировать

booking agents агент по бронированию

brochure брошюра

car rental (US) аренда автомобиля

carrier перевозчик, автотранспортная компания

to cater to стараться удовлетворить, заботиться (о)

catering (общественное) питание

chief animator шеф-аниматор

commission комиссионный сбор, комиссия, комиссионное вознаграждение

to communicate (with) общаться

consumer потребитель

contest конкурс

cost стоимость

cruise ship круизный теплоход

to deal with иметь дело с

to decide (on) принимать решение (о)

department отдел

direct напрямую

discount скидка

easy-going лёгкий в общении

employee служащий

entertainment развлечение

flight рейс

to follow следовать, соблюдать

friendly приветливый

guide гид, экскурсовод

guide-interpreter гид-переводчик

to handle осуществлять, заниматься, работать с

helpful готовый помочь

to hire нанимать на работу

hospitality гостеприимство

hospitality industry индустрия гостеприимства

to interpret переводить (устно)

to issue tickets выписывать билеты

journey путешествие

local местный

to market продавать, находить рынок сбыта для

marketing department отдел маркетинга

mass media средства массовой информации

mixer общительный человек

native родной

producer производитель

profit прибыль

promotion продвижение (на рынок)

to provide предоставлять, обеспечивать

public публика, общественность, население, общественный

to report (to) подчиняться, сообщать, докладывать

resort курорт

retail розница, в розницу

retailer розничный торговец

to run (ran, run) управлять компанией, бизнесом

sales department отдел сбыта, коммерческий отдел

schedule программа, график

seller продавец

shop-assistant продавец в магазине

sight достопримечательность

sightseeing осмотр достопримечательностей

sightseeing tour обзорная экскурсия

social director режиссер социальных программ

staff персонал, кадры

staff member сотрудник

to supervise руководить

supplier поставщик

ticket agent билетный агент

tour operator туроператор

tour package турпакет, турпутёвка, пакет туристских услуг

tourism manager менеджер туризма

travel agent турагент

travel insurance страховка тура

wholesale опт, оптом

wholesaler оптовик

Read the texts and answer the questions:

 

THE TOUR OPERATOR

The tour operator works in a tourist company. He develops tours also known as tour packages. Tour packages include transportation, accommodation, catering, transfers and other services.

In order to develop a tour package the tour operator works with transportation companies or carriers, hotels, restaurants, museums and other suppliers.

The tour operator usually markets the tours. He advertises them in mass media or in brochures.

The tour operator is a wholesaler. He sells tour packages to travel agents wholesale and pays commission to them. Sometimes he sells tour packages direct to the public.

Tour operators put together tours, so they are the main producers in the tourist industry.

 

Comprehension questions

1. Where does the tour operator work?

2. What does he do?

3. What do tour packages include?

4. What kind of companies does the tour operator work with?

5. How does the tour operator market the tours?

6. How does the tour operator sell tours? What does «a whole­saler» mean?

THE TRAVEL AGENT

 

The travel agent works in a travel company. The travel agent like the shop-assistant sells goods to customers. The goods which he offers are the tour operator's packages.

The travel agent is a retailer. He sells tour packages retail to con­sumers. He gets a commission from the tour operator. The commis­sion is from 5 to 10 per cent of the tour cost.

The travel agent also sells separate services. They are flights, ho­tel rooms, sightseeing tours, car rentals, travel insurances and so on. The travel agent works directly with the public.

Travel agents sell tours, so they are the main sellers in the tourist industry.

Comprehension questions

1. Where does the travel agent work?

2. What does the travel agent do?

3. What kind of goods does the travel agent sell?

4. How does the travel agent sell tour packages? What does «a retailer» mean?

5. How high is the travel agent's commission?

6. What kind of separate services does the travel, agent sell?

THE TOURISM MANAGER

 

The tourism manager works in a tourist company. He runs some tourist business. He supervises all kinds of operations in a tourist company. He also supervises the tourist company staff.

Sometimes the tourism manager is just the head of some depart­ment in a large tourist company: a sales department, a marketing department, or a public relations department. In this case he reports to the general manager.

The tourism manager plans tourist business: operations, new products, profits. He controls the results.

In a travel company - a tour operator or a travel agency -the tourism manager decides on development and promotion of new tour packages, advertising and sales. He also decides on prices and discounts.

The tourism manager hires employees. He selects them and pro­vides their training.

Comprehension questions

1. Where does the tourism manager work?

2. What does he supervise?

3. In what case does the tourism manager report to the general manager?

4. What does the tourism manager plan and control?

5. What does the tourism manager decide on in a travel company?

6. How does the tourism manager hire employees?

THE TOUR GUIDE

 

The tour guide handles tour groups. He shows tourists round a city, a sight, or a museum. The tour guide conducts sightseeing tours or tours of museums and exhibitions. The tour guide is also called the tour conductor.

The tour guide accompanies tourists during a local tour or during the whole journey. He or she caters to the needs of tourists. During a journey the tour guide deals with all kinds of problems.

The tour guide speaks the language of the tourists perfectly well. He or she interprets and translates well from one language into an­other.

The tour guide knows a lot on history, geography, art and culture. He or she knows all the sights in a travel destination. The tour guide answers a lot of questions.

The tour guide is a friendly, easy-going and helpful person. Tour­ists always tip their guides if they like them.

Comprehension questions

1. What does the tour guide do?

2. How does the tour guide handle tour groups?

3. What does the tour guide cater to?

4. How well does the tour guide know a foreign language?

5. What other subjects does the tour guide know and why?

6. What kind of person is the tour guide?

THE ANIMATOR

The animator organizes and provides entertainments for guests in a hotel or a holiday resort. He also organizes entertainment pro­grammes for passengers on a cruise ship.

The animator organizes and conducts parties, shows, sports or arts contests, games for children and grown-ups. He involves guests in action: games and shows.

The chief animator manages the staff of animators. He is also called the social director. He communicates with guests a lot.

The animator speaks a few foreign languages. He communicates with guests in their native languages.

The animator not only speaks well. He is very artistic. He usually dances well, sings well and acts like an actor.

The animator is an easy-going and cheerful person. He is a pretty good mixer.

The animator is the main entertainer in the tourist industry.

Comprehension questions

1. Where does the animator work?

2. What does the animator do?

3. Why is the chief animator called the social director?

4. Why does the animator speak a few foreign languages?

5. What does the animator do like an actor?

6. What kind of person is the animator?

 

VOCABULARY DRILL

 

I. Match up:

1) tour a) agent

2) social b) destination

3) travel c) operator

4) destination d) tour

5) tourist e) animator

6) car f) director

7) sightseeing g) rental

8) chief h) geography

 

II. Cross out one odd term in each line:

1) customer, interpreter, travel agent, booking agent, guide, ticket agent;

2) flight, car rental, transfer, commission, hotel accommodation, sightseeing tour;

3) accommodation, arrangements, promotion, destination, entertain­ment, commission;

4) discount, career, separate, resort, contest, brochure;

5) passenger, tourism manager, consumer, career, social director, chief animator.

 

III. Group the following terms according to the titles in the
table (4 terms in each group):

Destination geography, profit, car rental, accommodation, commis­sion, retail, tutoring, social director, sale, knowledge, discount, guide, catering, shop-assistant, animator, cost, interpreter, entertain­ment, wholesale, graduation.

 

TRADE	TOURIST STAFF	EDUCA­TION	TRAVEL SERVICES	MONEY MATTER   S

IV. Match the terms with the definitions:

 

1. a tour operator	a) a travel company staff member who sells tours and separate services retail
2. a travel agent	b) a tourist professional who shows tourists round a destination or a sight
3. a tourism manager	c) a tourist specialist who develops tour packages
4. a tour guide	d) a manager who supervises a staff of animators
5. an animator	e) a tourist professional who manages a travel company or a department
6. a social director	f) a travel company staff member who issues and sells tickets
7. a booking agent	g) a specialist who arranges entertainments for hotel guests or cruise passengers
8. a ticket agent	h) a travel company staff member who arranges ticket bookings

V. Pick out the right definition:

1) a hospitality industry	a) a set of businesses which provide a social services for elderly people b) a set of businesses which provide services for sick people in hospitals c) a set of businesses which provide services for hotel guests d) a set of businesses which provide accommodation, meals, and entertainment for travellers
2) goods	a) a lot of good things b) products on sale c) sales d) discounts
3) a commission	a) money paid by a tour operator for a travel agent's services b) money paid by a customer for a travel agent's services c) money paid by a customer when booking a tour d)money paid by a traveller when booking a ticket
4) a tour package	a) a set of tours offered for a traveller's choice b) a list of services offered by a travel agency c) a tour which includes travel, accommodation, meals and other services at one price and is paid for in advance d) an envelope from a travel agency with all travel documents for the customer going on a tour
5) a customer	a) a specialist in national customs b) a person who works at the Customs c) a consumer of travel services d) a buyer of goods or services
6) a wholesaler	a) a person or a company that sells packaged goods or services to customers b) a person or a company that works on a travel market c) a sales person or a company that has a number of agents or agencies d) a person or a company that buys goods or services in bulk from suppliers and sells them to retailers
7) a destination	a) a place to which a traveller is going b) a place which a traveller visits during a tour c) a place of arrival d) a place of departure
8) sightseeing	a) attractions and places of interest of a city or a town b) visiting or looking at the places of interest c) looking through catalogues with city or country views d) watching videos with city or country views
9) staff	a) personal things b) personnel c) a lot of people d) a lot of customers
10) a retailer	a) a person or a company that buys a tour package direct from a tour operator b) a person or a company that buys separate travel services c) a person or a company that sells goods or services direct to the public d) a person or a company that sells tickets direct to the public

VI. Fill in the blanks using the words given below:

a retailer carriers the tour guide

a commission the tour operator the travel agent

the animator destination sightseeing

suppliers the tourist manager entertainment

the social director a wholesaler promotion

 

1. ___________ supervises all operations in a tourist company and its staff.

2. ___________ handles tour groups.

3. ___________sells tour packages and separate services to customers.

4. ___________ provides entertainment for holiday-makers.

5. ___________ develops tour packages.

6. The tour guide knows all sights in the ___________.

7. The tourism manager decides on ___________ and advertizing of new tours.

8. The tour operator pays __________ to travel agents.

9. The tour guide conducts __________ tours.

10. The animator arranges and conducts __________ programmes.

11. The travel agent is ___________.

12. The tour operator is ____________.

13. The chief animator is also called ____________.

14. The tour operator works with, hotels, museums and other ____________.

VII. Translate the sentences from Russian into English:

1. Менеджер туризма управляет туристской компанией. Он принимает решения о турах, ценах и скидках. Он управляет персоналом компании. Он не всегда находится в офисе. Он часто ездит по делам.

2. Я – гид-переводчик. Я не работаю в туристской компанию. Я занимаюсь туристскими группами. Я провожу экскурсии. Я часто отвечаю на вопросы туристов. Я много перевожу с одного языка на другой.

3. Чем занимается туроператор? Где он работает? – Туроператор – главный производитель в индустрии туризма. Он работает с поставщиками и разрабатывает пакеты туров. Он реализует турпакеты оптом. Иногда туроператор продаёт туры в розницу.

4. А кто такие аниматоры? – Аниматоры организуют и проводят развлекательные программы. Они вовлекают гостей в действие. Аниматоры очень артистичны. Обычно они общительные люди. Они хорошо говорят на родном и иностранных языках.

5. Турагент не разрабатывает туры. Турагент продаёт турпакеты клиентам в розницу. Турагент также предлагает различные отдельные услуги. – Какие услуги предоставляет турагент? – Турагент предоставляет билеты, экскурсии, аренду автомобиля, страховки.

6. Работники в туризме – это туроператоры и турагенты, агенты по бронированию и билетные агенты, консультанты по туризму и менеджеры туризма, экскурсоводы и гиды-переводчики, аниматоры и туристские журналисты.

7. Агент по бронированию производит продажи по телефону, в то время как билетный агент также выписывает билеты и встречается с клиентами лично.

UNIT 3

TOURIST COMPANIES

 

ACTIVE VOCABULARY

advantage преимущество

advice совет

airlines авиакомпания

air ticket авиабилет

article статья

attraction достопримечательность

billboard афиша

branch филиал

to branch out разветвляться, образовывать филиалы

booklet буклет

car hire (UK) аренда автомобилей

chain цепь (турагентств, гостиниц)

charter чартер

coach туристско-экскурсионный автобус

coaching путешествия на автобусе

coaching tour автобусный тур

cruising tour круизный тур

the Customs таможня

department store универмаг

to employ принимать на работу

escort сопровождающий

ferry паром

folder раскладывающийся буклет, проспект, брошюра

free-lancer внештатный работник, представитель свободной профессии

free of charge бесплатно

full-time полный рабочий день, штатно

guide book путеводитель

head office головной офис

high season сезон, высокий сезон

holiday centre центр отдыха, дом отдыха

inclusive tour инклюзив-тур, комплексный тур

incoming tourism въездной туризм

independent независимый, самостоятельный, индивидуальный

leisure centre центр отдыха, центр досуга

licence, license (US) лицензия

located расположенный

low season несезон, низкий сезон

luggage багаж

major крупный

market research маркетинговые исследования, изучение рынка

manual справочник, учебное пособие, руководство

off- season мёртвый сезон

office site местонахождение офиса, офисное здание

outlet точка розничного сбыта

to order заказывать

part-time неполный рабочий день, внештатно

permanent постоянный

permission разрешение

poster плакат

to promote продвигать (на рынок)

to publish издавать

to put together (put, put) комплектовать

rack стеллаж, стенд, стойка

receipt квитанция

research исследования

to service обслуживать

shipping company судоходная компания

subject тема

tax налог

terminal здание (аэропорта, вокзала)

timetable расписание

tourist board туристский совет

tourist information centre туристско-информационный центр

tourist information office туристско-информационное представительство

tourist product туристский продукт

travel clerk служащий туристической компании

travel shop магазин путешествий, турагентство

t ravelogue каталог путешествий, видеоролик о турцентре

up-to-date современный, новейший

 

Read the texts and answer the questions:

TOUR OPERATORS

Tour operators are tourist companies which develop and put to­gether tour packages.

Tour operators do market research. They promote their tours and advertise them. Tour operators publish colourful brochures, booklets and travellogues.

Tour operators sell tour packages wholesale to travel agencies or sometimes direct to the public.

There are tour operators which also act like travel agencies. They develop and sell their products themselves.

There are independent tour operators. But among tour operators there are major airlines and shipping companies.

There are large tour operators, such as Thomas Cook Company or American Express Company. Thomas Cook is the oldest tour opera­tor in the world.

Comprehension questions

1. What kind of companies are tour operators?

2. What do tour operators do?

3. How do tour operators promote their tours?

4. How do tour operators sell their tours?

5. What kind of tour operators are there?

6. What are the best-known tour operators in the world?

TRAVEL AGENCIES

Travel agencies are retail tourist companies which work directly with the public. Travel agencies are often called travel shops where customers buy different tourist products.

Travel agencies sell tour operators' tour packages and individual tourist services. Among tour packages there are inclusive tours, char­ter inclusive tours and inclusive tours with an excursion. Travel agencies also sell coaching tours and cruising tours.

Travel agencies form groups of tourists who take part in ready-made prepaid tours. They also make individual travel ar­rangements.

Among separate tourist services there are air tickets, train tickets, boat or ferry tickets, hotel rooms, car rentals, sightseeing tours, ser­vices of a guide or a guide-interpreter. Travel agencies also offer travel insurances and theatre tickets to their customers.

Large travel agencies branch out and have got branches and out­lets within a city, a region, a country or all over the world.

There are large travel agencies which are members of a chain. A chain is a group of agencies which belong to the same company. In this case they often have the word «Group» in their names, for instance, ACE Travel Group or Blue Heart Travel Group. Usually such travel agencies act as tour operators as well.

Comprehension questions

1. What kind of companies are travel agencies?

2. Why are travel agencies called travel shops?

3. What do travel agencies do?

4. What kind of tours do travel agencies offer?

5. What kind of separate tourist services do travel agencies offer?

6. What kind of travel agencies are there?

TOURIST INFORMATION OFFICES

 

Tourist information offices are also called tourist information centres. Sometimes they are called visitor information centres.

There are tourist information offices at major airports, railway stations, hotels, holiday or leisure centres and many tourist attrac­tions.

Tourist information offices have got office clerks who give advice to customers on car hire, sightseeing and other coach tours, accom­modations, flights and so on. The clerks also give city orientations to guests.

Tourist information office clerks answer a lot of phone calls and give information on passports and visas, the Customs and luggage, weather and climate, city public transport and food service.

The office clerks speak foreign languages fluently because they deal with many international travellers.

There are usually racks full of city maps and guide books, book­lets and folders, travellogues and timetables, billboards and posters in tourist information offices. Travellers get most of them free of charge.

Comprehension questions

1. What kind of companies are tourist information offices?

2. Where are tourist information offices located?

3. What kind of advice do tourist information office clerks give?

4. What do tourist information office clerks do? What sort of in­formation do they give?

5. Why do tourist information office clerks fluently speak foreign languages?

6. What kind of manuals for travellers are there in tourist infor­mation offices?

TOURIST OUTLETS

Many large travel companies have got a lot of outlets within a city, a region, a country or throughout the world. An outlet is a point of sales of a company. There are outlets of travel agencies, airlines, car hire companies, coaching and cruising companies.

There are travel agency outlets in hotels, airport terminals, rail­way stations, big department stores, at large factories and plants, and in office sites.

If a travel company has got an outlet at a factory or in an office building, it means that it serves employees of those companies. Such an outlet provides the same services as other outlets and the head office of the travel company. It means that offers and prices are the same in all outlets.

There is usually just one travel clerk at a sales outlet. He or she does all the work. He or she answers phone calls, meets customers in person, works on the computer, does paperwork. This clerk makes bookings, issues and sells tickets, collects money and gives receipts. Of course, the clerk keeps in touch with the head office and knows all the up-to-date information on tours and tickets.

Comprehension questions

1. What is an outlet?

2. What sort of tourist outlets are there?

3. Where are travel agency outlets located?

4. What kind of customers does a travel agency outlet at a factory or in an office building service?

5. What does it mean that all travel agency outlets provide the same services?

6. How many clerks are there normally at a sales outlet?

7. What does a tourist outlet clerk do?

8. How does an outlet clerk get to know all the up-to-date infor­mation?

FREE-LANCERS

There are people in tourism who work for themselves. They are called free-lancers. They don't work full-time for any tourist com­pany. They work part-time or in high season only. They don't work in low and off-season.

Among free-lancers there are guides, guides-interpreters, escorts, animators, travel writers. Tourist companies employ them for sea­sonal work. Cruising companies, resort hotels and holiday centres employ animators for summer high season. Travel agencies which deal with in-coming tourism employ guides, guides-interpreters, escorts. Travel writers offer their articles to magazines and newspa­pers when they wish to. Often magazines order special articles on tourist subjects from travel writers.

Free-lancers are registered. It means that, on the one hand, they have got licences. Licences prove their qualifications and give them permission to work. On the other hand, if they are registered, they pay taxes.

Free-lancers are, as a rule, members of professional associations.

In high season free-lancers earn a lot of money. In low and off-season they don't earn any money at all or do some other job. Teachers work as free-lance guides. Students work as escorts. Actors work as animators. Travel writers are often permanent free-lancers.

Comprehension questions

1. What kind of people are called free-lancers?

2. How and when do free-lancers work?

3. What are some of the free-lance jobs?

4. What kind of companies employ animators?

5. What kind of companies employ guides, guides-interpreters and escorts?

6. What do travel writers do?

7. What does it mean that free-lancers are registered?

8. What are the advantages and disadvantages of being a free­lancer?

 

 

VOCABULARY DRILL

 

I. Match up:

1) market	a) board
2) tour	b) tour
3) tourist	c) book
4) travel	d) research
5) inclusive	e) site
6) guide	f) package
7) office	g) store
8) department	h) insurance

 

II. Cross out one odd term in each line:

1) permanent, attractive, rewarding, independent, timetable, reasonable;

2)magazine, store, department store, travel shop, travel agency, sales outlet;

3) guide book, brochure, folder, luggage, manual, magazine, booklet;

4)ferry, rack, car, coach, train, charter plane;

5)airport, airlines, chain, charter plane, air terminal, air ticket;

6) cruising tour, department store, holiday centre, timetable, air ticket, inclusive tour.

 

III. Group the following terms according to the titles in the table (3 terms in each group):

Brochure, charge, escort, free-lancer, holiday centre, inclusive, book­let, cruising, office site, folder, travel clerk, coaching, receipt, tax, outlet.

 

LOCATIONS	MONEY MATTERS	TOURS	PEOPLE IN TOURISM	ADVERTISING MATERIALS

IV. Match the terms with the definitions:

 

1) a receipt	a) a catalogue of tours or a short video film about a tourist destination for advertising purposes
2) a tourist outlet	b) an official paper which allows a person to do some kind of work
3) a free-lancer	c) a package holiday, where the price includes transportation, accommodation and meals and is cheaper than it would be if all items were bought separately
4) a travellogue	d) an official organization which promotes tourism in a certain part of the world
5) a travel insurance	e) a point of sales of a tourist company
6) a tourist board	f) a paper showing that money has been paid for some goods or services
7) a tour package	g) a person who is not attached to any company staff and works for himself having a licence to do such work
8) a lisence	h) a paper that insures a traveller against accident, illness or loss of luggage during a tour

V. Pick out the right definition:

 

1) a free-lancer	a) a person who is allowed to work without any permission b) a person who is not a company staff member working for himself c) a person who works for a few companies d) a licence which allows a person to work for himself
2) a timetable	a) a table clock b) an office clock c) a schedule of work in an office d) a time schedule
3) a folder	a) a folding booklet b) an envelope c) a file d) a fold-away seat
4) a lisence	a) a pass b) a permission c) an allowance d) a quota
5) a store	a) a shop b) a stock c) a market d) a place of storage
6) a rack	a) a pack b) a desk c) a shelf d) a hook
7) a charter	a) an airplane flying to a popular destination b) a plane or a boat travelling in summer season only c) a person or a company hiring transport for a special purpose d) hiring of transport for a special purpose
8) a luggage	a) a baggage b) carriage c) clothing d) equipment
9) a sales outlet	a) a shop which is open round the clock b) a point of sales of a large company c) a shop in the open air d) an exit from a shop
10) a receipt	a) a prescription b)a recipe c) a paper showing that money has been paid d)a paper showing that money must be paid

VI. Fill in the blanks:

 

free-lancers	racks	a chain
sales outlets	airlines	research
travellogues	high season	licenses
inclusive tours	arrangements	receipts
air tickets	advice	taxes

 

1. Tour operators publish colourful _____________.

2. There are ___________ and shipping companies among major tour ope­rators.

3. Tourist information office clerks give ___________ to customers on pass­ports and visas, luggage and the Customs.

4. Travel agencies make individual travel __________.

5. A sales outlet clerk sells tickets and tours, collects money and gives _________ herself.

6. People who work for themselves are called __________.

7. Tour operators always do market __________when they develop tours.

8. There are ___________ among tour operators' products.

9. __________ give free-lancers a permission to work.

10. There are __________ with booklets and folders at travel agencies and their outlets.

11. Free-lancers are registered and they pay _________.

12. Major tourist companies branch out and have ___________

13. Some tourist companies are members of ___________.

14. There are hotel rooms, train and _________ among separate tourist services.

15. Most free-lancers work in ___________.

 

VII. Translate the sentences from Russian into English:

 

1. В этом универмаге находится точка розничного сбыта туристской компании. – Здесь есть какие-нибудь брошюры и каталоги путешествий? – Здесь нет толстых каталогов, но имеется несколько раскладывающихся проспектов.

2. В вашем городе есть какие-нибудь туристские достопримечательности? – У нас в городе имеется выставка и несколько музеев. – Какие музеи у вас в городе? В городе есть два художественных музея.

3. Что находится на стеллажах у них в офисе? – На стеллажах находится много бесплатных брошюр. Но там нет новейшего расписания.

4. Сколько служащих в этой туристской компании? – в этой компании имеется менеджер, несколько турагентов и бухгалтер. – Сколько у них гидов и сопровождающих? – Там нет гидов и сопровождающих. Менеджер нанимает их на работу только в высокий сезон.

5. Что имеется в новом каталоге путешествий? – Там несколько новых инклюзив-туров и информация об отдельных услугах – Есть ли какие-нибудь скидки? – Есть скидки на детей до 12 лет. На взрослых туристов никаких скидок нет.

6. В вашем туристском центре имеется аэропорт, не так ли? – Нет, вы ошибаетесь. Здесь нет аэропорта, но недалеко от нашего курорта имеются речной порт и автобусная станция. – В порту нет представительства туристской компании, не правда ли? – Нет, есть.

UNIT 4

ACTIVE VOCABULARY

 

 

to adopt	принимать
adventurer	искатель приключений
age	период, век, эпоха
to appear	появляться
to assist	содействовать
available	доступный, имеющийся в наличии
capital	cтолица
caravansaray	караван-сарай
common	простой
to cooperate	сотрудничать
crucially	решающим образом, кардинально
desert	пустыня
distance	расстояние
domestic	внутренний
to elect	выбирать, избирать
to emerge	возникать
enterprise	предприятие
to expand	расширять, расширяться
explorer	исследовать
General Assembly	Генеральная Ассамблея
General Secretary	Генеральный секретарь
to get familiar (with)	знакомиться
government	правительство, правительственный
health resort	оздоровительный курорт
initials	начальные буквы, инициалы, аббревиатура
inland waterways	внутренние водные пути
inn	постоялый двор, недорогая загородная гостиница
intergovernmental	межправительственный
joint-stock company	акционерное общество
journey	путешествие
jet, jet plane	реактивный самолёт
meals	питание
merchant	купец
mix-up	путаница
noble	знатный, титулованный
nomad	кочевник
outset	начало, зарождение
overseas trip	зарубежная поездка
to own	владеть, иметь в собственности
paid holidays	оплачиваемый отпуск
pilgrim	паломник
purpose	цель
races	скачки, бега
raft	плот
recreation	отдых
reputable	признанный
society	общество
spa	курорт на минеральных водах
steamship	пароход
to stick to (stuck, stuck)	придерживаться чего-либо
supreme body	высший орган
to take place	иметь место, происходить
tavern	таверна
to tour, to take a tour	совершать путешествие
trader	торговец
treatment	лечение
the United Nations	Организация Объединённых Наций (ООН)
well-off	состоятельный, зажиточный
well-to-do	обеспеченный, состоятельный
the World Tourism Organization (UN WTO)	Всемирная Туристская Организация (ЮНВТО)

 

Read the texts and answer the questions:

HOW IT ALL STARTED

People started travelling long ago. The first travellers were no­mads and pilgrims, merchants and traders. They travelled along riv­ers, lakes and seas. The first travellers used simple means of travel­ling: boats and ferries on the water and camels in the desert.

The most famous travellers were explorers. Among them were Marco Polo from Venice in the 13th century, Afanasy Nikitin from Russia, Christopher Columbus and Vasco de Gama from Portugal in the 15th century, Magellan from Spain, Amerigo Vespucci from Italy in the 16th century, James Cook from England in the 18th cen­tury and other adventurers from Spain, Italy, Portugal, France, Eng­land and Holland. They made journeys to Asia, Africa and America.

Travel grew and developed as long as means of transport kept on growing.

With the 19th century the age of modern trains came. In the late 19th century the first motor-cars appeared.

The age of airplanes changed travel crucially. In the early 20th century jet planes emerged. They made air travel available to all people. Air travel is the fastest and the most convenient mode of travelling. No place in the world is more than 24 hours away by jet. Passengers eat, sleep, watch movies, listen to music on airplanes.