Make all possible sentences, matching the actions that take place at the same time.

EXAMPLE: to repair the car / to follow the machanic's instructions

(When) repairing the car I followed the machanic's

instructions.

to park your car to remember about the speed

to maintain the car in order limit

to press the accelerator to start the engine

to push a car forwards and to save yourself a lot of trouble

backwards to consider road signs

to introduce automated vehicles to keep the distance

to drive a car. to take into account the safety

of traffic

Explain why these things happen.

EXAMPLE: The spark plugs gave a spark at last. (to clean) Being cleaned the spark plugs gave a spark.

1. The engine needs cooling. (to heat)

2. The ammeter is recording no current. (to break)

3. The moving parts work almost without friction. (to oil)

4. Solar-powered systems operate at night. (to supply with batteries)

5. The project promises good results. (to design carefully)

6. The car needs a serious overhaul. (to damage)

Expand the following sentences as shown in the example.

EXAMPLE: When removed the particles of dirt can't cause damage. When the particles of dirt are removed, they can't cause damage.

1. If tested the engine may be started.

2. When repaired and repainted, the car looked as good as new.

3. If removed impurities cannot block the carburettor.

4. When removed from the pump, the filter is cleaned with a brush.

5. If added to the engine, oil decreases friction between the moving parts.

6. When adjusted properly, the spark plugs produce a spark

 

If none of the switches are working something must be wrong with

The electrical system in the car. Say in what order you will check its

Components. Work in a chain.

Begin like this: Having noticed a fault in the electrical system of my car I will turn the engine on. Having turned the engine on I will turn it off again. Having...etc.

Your actions: to switch on the lights;

to switch them off;

to press the horn button;

to push the indicator lever to the left;

to push the lever to the right;

to stop the indicator;

to switch on the engine again;

to press the brake pedal;

to release the pedal;

to switch off the ignition;

to ask the machanic for help.

Match the beginning of each sentence with its end.

1. Having been cleaned a) the participants of the confe-

2. Having been repaired by a good rence were surprised.

mechanic b) I had to pay the fine for

3. Having been stopped by speeding.

a policeman. c) the car needed a serious over-

4. Having been damaged badly haul.

5. Having been shown the results d) the filter increased the airflow.

of the research e) the car was as good as new.

 

Read the text attentively and learn about the most common faults in the car and the ways to repair them.

Finding a Fault in the Car

Servicing your car regularly you prevent it from becoming unreliable. Of course, you can't foresee everything. Having failed to start the car in the morning you had better check three things first: the battery, the fuel level and the spark plugs. It is quite easy to repair these faults.

If the battery appears to be flat it is necessary to recharge it. If this doesn't work, you should replace it.

An empty tank is another common fault in the car. Having noticed a fuel warning light on the instrument panel of your car you should fill up the tank with more petrol.

Dirty spark plugs are also certain to cause a problem. To drive the car it is important to clean them regularly and adjust the gap in the spark plugs to the proper width. If the gap is not correct the engine will not run well.

If your car still does not start, the petrol pump may be broken, or the fuel pipe may be blocked. Having discovered a broken pump, it is a good idea to repair or replace it. If the fuel pipe is blocked, take it off and unblock it.

Having heard a loud CLICK! when you turn the key, you are sure to realize that the starter motor may be jammed. If it is, you can try to release it pushing the car forwards and backwards (in the 2nd gear). If the car still doesn't start, the starter motor should be repaired or even replaced.

And don't forget about the air filter. Its function is to remove particles of dirt, dust and other impurities from the air passing to the carburettor. A blocked filter decreases the airflow to the carburettor thus increasing the amount of fuel in the mixture. This causes the engine to operate inefficiently. Cleaning and changing filters regularly you prevent a considerable damage that is certain to be caused inside the cylinders. In this case the engine will need a thorough overhaul.

If you are a poor mechanic, stopping at service stations periodically you will save at least time and money. As they say, prevention is better than cure.