Exercise 1: Read and translate the text

Council of Europe

Ø The Council of Europe has the aim to build a Europe United on the basis of freedom and democracy, human rights and the rule of law.

Ø The Council was founded by ten West European states. Today many of European countries belong to this organization.

Ø The Committee of Ministers includes the foreign ministers of the 34 members states. They meet twice a year in ordinary session and may also have special or informal meetings.

Ø The Parliamentary Assembly includes 239 representatives. The Parliamentary Assembly meets in full session four times a year. They debate problems of modern society and make recommendations for the Committee of Ministers.

Ø The Parliamentary Assembly has created a "special guest" scheme to welcome representatives of non-member states from Central and Eastern Europe and designed to prepare them for full membership of the Organization.

Ø The Council works to harmonize policies and adopt common standards and practices in member states.

Ø The European Flag was chosen by the Council of Europe in 1955. It is a circle of 12 gold stars on a blue black ground. The number of stars is invariable - 12.

Ø The European Anthem, adopted by the Council of Europe in 1972, is a musical arrangement of the Prelude to the Ode to Joy from Beethoven 9th Symphony.

Ø The Day of Europe is celebrated on 5 May.

Exercise 2: Answer the following questions:

2. When was the organization founded?

3. What is the aim of the organization?

4. How many member states does the Committee of Ministers include?

5. How often do they meet in the Committee of Ministers?

6. Why was the "special guest" scheme created?

7. How does the European flag look like?

8. What is the European Anthem?

9. When is the Day of Europe celebrated?

 

Exercise 3: Translate the following words and word-combinations:

the Council of Europe, the rule of law, majority of European countries, The Committee of Ministers, The Parliamentary Assembly, non-member states, youth associations, knowledge and experience.

 

Exercise 4: Translate the following sentences:

1. Рада Європи була заснована 10 державами понад 50 років тому.

2. Парламентська Асамблея налічує 239 представників.

3. Рада Європи працює на засадах свободи та демократії.

4. Організація працює над залученням нових членів.

5. Комітет Міністрів складається із міністрів 34 країн-членів.

Exercise 5: Translate the following sentences:

1. The Council was set up by ten west European states.

2. The Committee of Ministers comprises the foreign ministers of the 34 members states.

3. The European Flag is composed of a circle of 12 gold stars on a blue black ground..

4. Europe Day has been celebrated since 1964 on 5 May.

 

Exercise 6: True or false.

 

1. The Committee of Ministers comprises the foreign ministers of the 34 members states, it meets 5 times a year in ordinary session and may also held special or informal meetings.

2. The Parliamentary Assembly comprises 589 representatives.

3. The European Flag was chosen by the Council of Europe in 1855.

4. The European Anthem, adopted by the Council of Europe in 1972, is a musical arrangement by Herbert von Karajam.

5. Europe Day, which has been celebrated since 1964 on 8 July, aims to involve Europe's citizens more fully in the process of European unification.

Заняття 25

Європейський Союз. Пасивний стан дієслова

Vocabulary

· European Union – Європейський Союз

· to create – створювати

· to reduce [ri'dju:s] – зменшувати, знижувати

· to eliminate tariffs [i'limineit 'tærif] – ліквідовувати, знищувати тарифи

· amendment [ə'mendmənt] – поправка, виправлення

· to negotiate [ni'gəʊʃieit] - вести переговори

· to apply [ə'plaɪ] – застосовуватись

· to abolish [ə'bɔhʃ] – відміняти, знищувати

· to ensure [in'ʃʊə] – забезпечувати, гарантувати

· to enact [i'nækt] – вводити в дію

· justice ['dʒestɪs] – правосуддя, юстиція

· home affairs [ə'fɛəz] – внутрішні справи

· to maintain [mein'tein] \ to support – підтримувати

· defense [dɪ'fens] – оборона, захист

· a trade – торгівля

· Maastricht Treaty [ˈmɑːstrɪxt 'tri:ti] – Договір про Європейський Союз (Маастрихтський Трактат)

Exercise 1: Read and translate the text:

The European Union (EU)

The European Union (EU) is probably the most successful multi-national organization ever created. It started out as an organization primarily to reduce or eliminate tariffs. Now this organization is developing into a government that is bringing the nations of Europe closer together politically, economically and socially.

The European Union (EU) is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The Maastricht Treaty established the European Union under its current name in 1993. The latest amendment to the constitutional basis of the EU, the Treaty of Lisbon, was enacted in 2009.

Important institutions of the EU include the European Commission, the Council of the European Union, the European Council, the Court of Justice of the European Union, and the European Central Bank. The European Parliament is elected every five years by EU citizens.

The EU has developed a single market through a standardized system of laws which apply in all member states. Within the Schengen Area (which includes EU and non-EU states) passport controls have been abolished. EU policies aim is to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital, enacts legislation in justice and home affairs, and maintains common policies on trade, agriculture and regional development. A monetary union, the eurozone, was established in 1999 and is currently composed of 17 member states. Through the Common Foreign and Security Policy the EU has developed a limited role in external relations and defence. Permanent diplomatic missions have been established around the world and the EU is represented at the United Nations, the WTO, the G8 and the G-20.

 

Exercise 2: Answer the questions according to the text:

44. What is the European Union (EU)?

45. How did it start out?

46. What is it evolving into now?

47. Is the European Union (EU) an economic and political union of 27 independent member states?

48. When did the Maastricht Treaty establish the European Union under its current name?

49. When did the latest amendment to the constitutional basis of the EU, the Treaty of Lisbon, come into force?

50. What do the important institutions of the EU include?

51. What has the EU developed?

52. What has been abolished?

53. What is the EU policies aim?

54. When was a monetary union established?

Exercise 3:Translate the words and word-combinations into English:

Вводити в дію, правосуддя, вести переговори, підтримувати, застосовуватись, Договір про Європейський Союз, внутрішні справи, поправка, зменшувати, оборона, змішана система, закони, забезпечувати, відміняти, розвиватися.

Exercise 4: Translate the sentences:

1. The European Union is the most successful multi-national organization, which was ever created.

2. The aim of this organization is to reduce or eliminate tariffs.

3. Now this organization is developing into a government that brings the nations of Europe closer together politically, economically and socially.

4. The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states.

5. Important institutions of the EU include the European Commission, the Council of the European Union, the European Council, the Court of Justice of the European Union, and the European Central Bank.

6. The European Parliament is elected every five years by EU citizens.

7. EU policies aim is to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and enacts legislation in justice and home affairs, and maintains common policies on trade, agriculture and regional development.

8. Common Foreign and Security Policy are very important in external relations and defence.

 

Заняття 26

Валюта Євросоюзу

 

Vocabulary

· a currency – валюта

· a stable currency – стала валюта

· a coin – монета

· to encourage – заохочувати

· to exchange – обмінювати

· to increase – збільшувати

· to influence – впливати

· to adopt – приймати

· to ensure – забезпечувати

 

Exercise 1: Read and translate the text about the Euro:

The European Union, with 28 Member States, is larger in population than the United States and many other nations. In terms of land area, the EU is about half the size of the United States. European Union countries share a Mediterranean coastline with North African and Middle Eastern nations and borders former Soviet countries to the east (Belarus, Ukraine, and Moldova). The countries that make up the European Union (its "Member States") pool their sovereignty in order to gain a strength and world influence none of them would have on its own.

Today the EU also deals with many other subjects of direct importance for citizens' everyday lives, such as citizens' fundamental rights; ensuring freedom, security and justice; job creation; regional development; making globalisation work for everyone, etc. Also, some key policy aims have changed in the light of changing circumstances. For example, the aim of the agricultural policy is no longer to produce as much food as cheaply as possible but to support farming methods that produce healthy, high-quality food and protect the environment. The need for environmental protection is now taken into account across the whole range of EU policies.

The Single Currency (The Euro) - The 'euro' is the single currency of the European Union. Not all Member States, however, decided to join the single currency. 11 Member States adopted the euro in 1/1/1999. They are: France, Germany, Netherlands, Italy, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Spain, Portugal, Finland, Austria. Greece joined in December 2000. Slovenia adopted the euro on 1 January 2007. Sweden, Denmark and the UK have all decided not to join the euro for the time being.

 

· The euro was launched on January 1, 1999 when it was used as an accounting currency in 11 European countries.

· Euro cash was introduced on January 1, 2002, replacing national banknotes and coins in 12 European countries.

· Today 17 of the 28 Member States of the European Union use euro banknotes and coins. Citizens and businesses in these 17 countries benefit in a number of ways from using these banknotes and coins.

· The euro is a sound and stable currency, especially in times of economic distress.

 

1. Which European countries adopted the Euro prior to the issuance of Euro banknotes and coins in 2002?

2. How many EU countries are currently using the Euro?

3. What are some of the advantages of having a single currency? Why is it needed?

-Apart from making travel easier, a single currency makes very good economic and political sense. The framework under which the euro is managed makes it a stable currency with low inflation and low interest rates, and encourages sound public finances.

-A single currency is also a logical complement to the single market which makes it more efficient. Using a single currency increases price transparency, eliminates currency exchange costs, facilitates international trade and gives the EU a more powerful voice in the world. The size and strength of the euro area also better protect it from external economic shocks, such as unexpected oil price rises or turbulence in the currency markets. Last but not least, the euro gives the EU’s citizens a symbol of their European identity, of which they can be increasingly proud as the euro area expands and multiplies these benefits for its existing and future members.

 

Exercise 2: Answer the questions:

55. What is EU? Why is it created?

56. Why do countries enter this organisation?

57. What is a currency?

58. How do you understand «a stable currency»?

59. How many EU countries are currently using the Euro?

60. What are some of the advantages of having a single currency? Why is it needed?

61. What does the Euro ensure?

 

Exercise 3: Read and discuss the points of the text:

The European Institutions

• European Parliament - The European Parliament is the parliamentary body of the European Union (EU), directly elected once every five years. The European Parliament consists of 626 representatives chosen by the member states’ citizens. Together with the Council of Ministers, it comprises the legislative branch of the institutions of the Union.
• European Commission - The European Commission (formally the Commission of the European Communities) is the executive body or "public service" of the European Union. Alongside the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, it is one of the three main institutions governing the Union.
• Council of the EU - The Council is the EU's main decision-making body. The Council of the European Union forms, along with the European Parliament, the legislative arm of the European Union (EU). It contains ministers of the governments of each of the member-states. The Council of the European Union is sometimes referred to in official European Union documents simply as the Council, and it is often informally referred to as the Council of Ministers (which will become its official name if the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe is adopted).
• Court of Justice - The European Court of Justice (ECJ) is formally known as the 'Court of Justice of the European Communities', i.e. the court of the European Union (EU).

Exercise 4: Translate the sentences:

1. The European Union, with 28 Member States, is larger in population than the United States and many other nations.

2. The EU is about half the size of the United States.

3. European Union countries share a Mediterranean coastline with North African and Middle Eastern nations and borders former Soviet countries to the east (Belarus, Ukraine, and Moldova).

4. The countries that make up the European Union (its "Member States") pool their sovereignty in order to gain a strength and world influence none of them would have on its own.

5. Today the EU also deals with many other subjects of direct importance for citizens' everyday lives, such as citizens' fundamental rights; ensuring freedom, security and justice; job creation; regional development; making globalisation work for everyone, etc.

6. The Single Currency (The Euro) - The 'euro' is the single currency of the European Union. Not all Member States, however, decided to join the single currency. 11 Member States adopted the euro in 1/1/1999. They are: France, Germany, Netherlands, Italy, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Spain, Portugal, Finland, Austria. Greece joined in December 2000. Slovenia adopted the euro on 1 January 2007. Sweden, Denmark and the UK have all decided not to join the euro for the time being.

7. Today 17 of the 28 Member States of the European Union use euro banknotes and coins.

A single currency also makes the market more efficient. Using a single currency increases price transparency, eliminates currency exchange costs, facilitates international trade and gives the EU a more powerful voice in t