Homework pack for the group of tourism students

HOMEWORK PACK for the GROUP of TOURISM STUDENTS

(semester 7-8)

PRACTICE 1

1. Read the text about city breaks and answer the questions:

1) Which city is not a capital?

2) Which three cities are divided by rivers?

Riga

The capital city of Latvia, divided by Daugava River, is well-known for its impressive buildings, large parks and historic old town, for a spectacular view of the city, take the lift up the spire of St Peter’s Church. After exploring the city itself why not make the most of your stay by exploring some of the lovely surroundings areas? The nearby towns and villages are well worth visiting. What could be better than spending afternoon on the beaches of Jurmala, the famous Soviet spa town?

Athens

The capital of Greece is surrounded by three mountains and at least one of them can be seen from almost every street in the city. Plaka, the old Turkish quarter of the city, is well worth visiting. The side streets are packed with tourists but don’t let the crowds put you off as you explore the many souvenir shops in the area. Choose carefully and you can find some high-quality local crafts and hand-made clothing. Most of the city’s ancient sites are within easy reach of this district, too. Allow at least one full day to visit Acropolis, the most important ancient monument in the western world.

Edinburgh

Scotland’s beautiful capital city is full of history and first-rate attractions for people of all ages. Younger visitors will particularly enjoy looking at the many toys and games in the Museum of Childhood which has been described as ‘the noisiest museum in the world’. For the most spectacular views and walks in the city, take the chairlift to the summit of Hillend Ski Centre. This is Europe’s longest dry-ski and snowboard centre and one of Edinburgh’s most exhilarating and exciting tourist attractions.

Madrid

There is never dull moment in this city. The streets are full of life and energy by day and night so make the most of your visit by doing as the locals do and stay out late. Go with the flow and soak up the friendly, easy-going atmosphere. If you are an art lover, make sure you visit the Prado museum during your stay. Here you can see some of the finest paintings and sculptures all under one roof. People who live in this capital come from all over the world so there is a wide variety of restaurants for the visitors to choose from.

Dublin

You will find the old buildings, monuments and statues round every corner of this fascinating city. The centre of the capital is small so it is better explored on foot rather than by bus or taxi. The city is also an important cultural centre with a wide range of art galleries and museums to suit all tastes and budgets. If you like music why non head along to one of the many bars near the river? Here you can enjoy traditional Irish folk music for free.

Warsaw

This is a relatively modern city by Polish standards. The centre part of the capital was destroyed during the Second World War so you’ll discover an interesting mix of old and new architecture. Start your visit with a leisurely stroll in the old town before stopping for a coffee in one of the attractive cafés on the square. It’s a perfect place to sit and the world to go by. Then perhaps you will be ready to visit the Royal Castle and learn how kings once lived. After lunch, head for the new town and do some serious shopping in the city’s many department stores and souvenir shops.

Budapest

The river Danube divides the city into two parts – Buda and Pest so you can enjoy a stroll along the embankment or go on a pleasant boat trip. If you are feeling more energetic, why not spend the afternoon swimming in one of the many thermal spas? The city has number 2 ‘sightseeing’ tram which takes in many of the capital’s finest sights, including the beautiful five-star Gresham Hotel, the Chain Bridge and the whole panorama of the old city of Buda.

Istanbul

Istanbul may not be the capital of Turkey but it is the country’s largest city and main business centre, too. The Bosporus is on one side of the city and the Black Sea is on the other so make time for a ferry cruise during your visit. The city is also famous for its fine examples of Islamic, Roman and nineteenth-century architecture. If you don’t mind the crowds, why not head for the lively market district? There you can buy about anything from second-hand clothes and antiques to exotic spices. Don’t forget to check out the book bazaar.

 

2. Match the compound adjectives in the box with their meanings:

1) relaxed; 2) very good; 3) produced to high standard; 4) famous; 5) used, not new; 6) made by someone without the use of machine; 7) of the highest quality possible.

well-known high-quality hand-made high-rate easy-going five-star second-hand

3. Find the words in the text with these meanings:

1) very important and special;

2) full of history;

3) full of people;

4) very old;

5) places of interest;

6) a walk in a slow relaxed manner;

7) something you buy to remind you of a visit to a place;

8) visiting interesting places on holiday;

9) the view of a wild area;

10) very old objects.

Put the synonym and opposite of each adjective in the correct place in the table. Choose from the words in the box.

clean dull interesting large lovely new noisy polluted quiet small traditional unattractive

adjective	synonym	opposite
beautiful
peaceful
boring
modern
big
dirty

PRACTICE 2.

Choose a preposition to complete these notes written by a colleague giving advice on tactics to use in a meeting.

Jo,

In my opinion, there are ten golden rules to follow when running a meeting:

1) Welcome everyone …………… the meeting.

2) Don’t forget …………….. introduce yourself.

3) Make sure you ask …………. contributions …………. everyone.

4) Keep the meeting ………….. track.

5) Deal …………… interruptions ………….. a friendly way.

6) If you don’t understand, ask ……………. clarification.

7) Always keep an eye ………….. the time.

8) Finish ………… summarizing what has been said.

9) Finally, thank everyone ………… coming.

10) Spend time ………..the meeting …………. your own, thinking ……… what you could have done better.

Good luck!

Ethel

2. Choose the correct option. This may include a space (-) for zero article:

a) The / - Republic of Slovenia lies at a / the heart of the / - Europe.

b) It is where the / - Alps face the / - Pannonian plains and the / - Mediterranean meets the / - Karst region.

c) To the north is the / - Austria and the / - Hungary is to the / - east.

d) To the south is the / - Croatia and to the west is the / - Italy.

e) A / The / - weather here is ideal for the / - holidays.

f) There are approximately 2,000 hours of a / the / - sunshine per year, and there is plenty of the / - snow in winter.

g) There are many woods and forests covering more than half of a / the / - country.

h) In the / - Kocevje area in one of a / the / - oldest forests in the / - Europe, it is possible to walk among the trees for days.

 

Choose the word or phrase that produces a grammatically correct sentence.

1. I was packing our suitcases, when my husband …… the bad news to me.

A had broken B was being broken C was to break D broke

2. When I was young, I …… interested in travelling abroad, but now that am older I dream of exploring the four corners off the world.

A didn’t use to be B wouldn’t be C use not to be D wasn’t being

3. The ground hostess ….. to my sister was very well informed and did her best to help sort out the problems.

A talking B who talking C was talking D talked

4. My parents ….. a lot before they decided to settle down and nave a family.

A were travelling B use to travel C travelled D were about to travel

5. The town …… my grandparents live is known for its cultural and historical background.

A which B where C that D whom

6. …… the ticket, I began to prepare for my trip abroad.

A To book B Having booked C Booked D Having to book

7. As I was boarding the plane, I realized that I …… to take my dog to the kennels.

A forgot B was forgetting C had forgotten D had been forgetting

8. When my luggage got lost, I was in the dark as to …… to turn to for assistance.

A whom B that C what D which

9. The hotel …… I was staying at was to complete disrepair.

A where B in which C which D wherein

 

10. ……to Personnel Manager, Jack found that he had no time left to spend with his kids.

A After promoting B Having promoted C After promoted D Having been promoted

Read the text and complete the blanks with the correct form of the words in brackets.

A trip to South Africa

If you are planning the next holiday, why not consider South Africa? This (1)…….. (except) country has a large variety of things for people to see and do. Let’s start with a (2)………. (descript) of Cape Town, a multicultural city with a diverse population descended from Europeans, Asians and Africans. In the city there are lots of street cafés and great restaurants, which cater for all tastes. This will (3)…… (able) you to truly to enjoy the culinary delights of a variety of ethnic cuisines. Few people would (4)………. (agree) that Cape Town has much to offer keen shoppers but if you’d like to experience the (5)……. (excite) of buying something typically African, Greenmarket Square is the place! It’s a local outdoor market where people from all over Africa sell crafts and souvenirs. Cape Town is by the sea so if you’d like to soak up the sun or do some water sports, then head out to Clifton, which has lovely sandy beaches. There is also Bakoven Beach, a stunning beach which remains completely (6)…… (spoil) by tourism. If you plan to visit one of the smaller cities, make sure you go to Nelspruit, a (7)…… (live) place with a laid-back atmosphere. There is a range of accommodation available to suit all budgets ranging from cheap hostels to more luxurious hotels. A trip to South Africa would be incomplete without visiting one of the many (8) …… (spectacle) nature reserves; day trips can be arranged at your (9)…… (convenient). Also, close to Nelspruit is Kruger National Park, which is one of the country’s major tourist (10)…… (attract). All in all, there are plenty of great things to do and see in South Africa.

5. Complete the sentence with aren’t many or isn’t much.

1. There............ rain in the Sahara Desert.

2. There............ giant pandas left in the world.

3. There............ snow in countries near the Equator.

4. There............ unexplored places left on Earth.

5. There............ people living in the Antarctic.

6. There............ light in the ocean below 200 metres.

7. There............ iron in the human body.

PRACTICE 3.

An Arabian Nights Wedding

Two years ago a very close Moroccan friend of mine, Saed, decided to take the leap into marriage and invited me to his wedding in Rabat. Initially, I thought that weddings couldn’t be that different from culture to culture, and nothing had prepared me for the colourful and ritual-packed ceremony I was about to attend.

Although it was my first time in Morocco and I hadn’t met Saed’s family before, when I arrived, everybody gave such a warm welcome that I felt if I were a member of the family. On the eve of the wedding ceremony, the Henna Night took place at the home of a bride. This is traditional ceremonial cleansing in which bride-to-be has her hands and feet painted with henna. She is then dressed in her white bridal robes before being placed behind a curtain symbolizing her transition to a new life.

The next day brought the wedding itself and the dizzying feast of sights and sounds. The bride and groom were treated like king and queen for the day. They donned golden wedding outfits made of exquisitely detailed brocade. At one point of the ceremony, the bride and groom were hoisted onto the shoulders of the crowd and paraded among their guests in royal style. The unique atmosphere which was both earnest and solemn but at the same time light-hearted and exuberant impressed me deeply.

The highlight of the evening was the wedding feast. We were treated to delicious food and throughout the feast, traditional music was enthusiastically played by a local band. During the many hours of celebrations, the house was filled with high spirits and the joy and delight on everybody’s faces was genuinely moving. It was as if an oriental fairy tale had come to life in front of my eyes.

It was unforgettable experience and I thoroughly enjoyed every minute of it. Although I come from a very different cultural background, I felt a certain kinship to the whole affair because a ceremony on which a couple make public heir commitment to live is always very moving.

PRACTICE 4.

1. Read the description of Zurich, in Switzerland. Tick three places that are mentioned in the text: 1) museums; 2) restaurants; 3) parks and gardens; 4) art galleries; 5) zoos; 6) shops and stores; 7) theatres; 8) banks.

Are you looking for a special city break? Then come to Zurich! There’s something for everyone in the biggest city in Switzerland. There’s more to Zurich than its banks and its water. However just for the record there over 1,200 fountains in the city so you can drink the city’s famous spring water as often as you like.

If you like art and culture, don’t miss the Kunsthaus Gallery. Here you can see some of the best examples of twentieth century art. Don’t miss the many fine paintings on the display including works by Picasso and Monet. The gallery is open from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily except Monday. And the gallery closes later on Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Thursdays. It is open until 9 p.m. on these days.

If you have children, I really recommend a trip to Zurichhorn Park. It is situated on the east side of the city’s lake. Remember to pack a picnic so that you can sit, enjoy the scenery and watch the world go by.

If you want to enjoy beautiful views of the city, make sure you can climb the south tower of the Grossmunster. There are 187 steps but the climb worth it! From the top of the tower you’ll have stunning 360-degree view of the city. And you really should take your camera with you so that you can take stunning pictures of the city,

Getting around couldn’t be simpler. It is worth buying a Zurich card because you can use it on all public transport and it is one of the cheapest ways to travel round the city. You can use it on boats, too! It costs six pounds fifty for twenty-four hours and thirteen pounds for seventy-two hours. Want to save the planet and save money? Then why not travel around the city by bike? You can hire bikes at Vilogate – right next door to the Swiss National Museum. Deposit your passport and you’ll get the use of a bike for six hours. This has to be the most enjoyable way to see the city – and the healthiest of course!

 

ZURUCH

General facts.

There is the …… 1) city in Swtzerland. Famous for its banks and its water (there are ……2) fountains in the city).

Places of interest

Kunsthause Gallery: open every day except ……3)

Open until ……4) p.m. on Tuesday.

Zurichhorn Park: a great place for ……5)

Getting around

Buy a Zurich card for use on all public transport including ……6)

Hire a bike!

 

Choose the correct form.

1. I have an appointment at the dentist’s at 4.00. Would I / May I leave half an hour early?

2. John, you’re nearest the window. Could you / Could I open it please?

3. Would you mind taking / Do you mind if I take this note to the teacher’s room for me?

4. Those books must be heavy. Shall you / Shall I carry some of them?

5. If I were you, I wouldn’t leave / you shouldn’t leave your bag by the door.

PRACTICE 5.

1. Complete the text with a / an, the or leave blank for zero article.

Educational Tours

All our tours have g)......... educational value and many have been specifically designed to comply with h)......... requirements of i)......... UK National Curriculum. We organize tours to j)......... wide range of countries in k)......... Europe, and also offer tours to l)......... USA, m)......... South Africa, and other parts of the world.

Study Tours

History tours, geography tours, n)......... language courses and cookery courses are all available in our study tours programme, specially designed for o)......... school groups.

Choose the correct form.

1) Gottfried Liebnits and Isaac Newton developed the mathematics we call calculus at about the same time in the 17^th century, although their versions a) were / had been slightly different. However, Newton was sure that he was first and that Leibnits b) copied / had copied him.

2) The Wright brothers made the first powered flight in 1903, but only four men and a boy c)saw / had seen their plane fly. Until Wilbur Wright flew in front of a large crowd in France in 1908, most people refused to believe that their earlier flight d) succeeded / had succeeded.

3) Shakespeare e) used / had used familiar stories and events from history in a lot of his plays, so the audience f) heard / had heard the plots before. However, that didn’t stop him being very successful.

4) Aristotle g) was / had been a philosopher and teacher in ancient Greece. By the time he died in 322 BC, he h) had written / wrote some of the most famous philosophical texts of all time, and had tutored Alexander the Great.

3. Complete the sentence with somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, or everywhere.

1. Eighty per cent of the flora and fauna on the Galapagos Islands exists............ else.

2. A mosquito will lay its eggs............ there is water.

3. Every second, someone............ in Africa is infected with tuberculosis.

4. Forests in general and rainforests in particular are in danger............

5. Is there............ on Earth where life is impossible?

6. All animals need............ to feed and sleep in safety.

7. Tsunamis are most often caused by earthquakes............ in the Pacific.

8. Is there............ in the universe without heat energy of some kind?

9. Bacteria are micro-organisms that grow............ on earth.

10............. on Earth are glaciers easier to study than in Iceland.

Choose the correct form.

1. I don’t think you should spend / Why don’t you spend so much time playing computer games.

2. Do you think I could explain / Do you think you could explain what this means?

3. I haven’t got time to explain now. Let’s ask / Why don’t you ask me again tomorrow?

4. Would you like / Do you mind more paper?

5. Can you / May you let me have your project tomorrow?

5. Complete the text with the most suitable form of the adjective in brackets.

London is one of 1) ………… (large) cities in the world. Its population is 2) ………… (low) than Tokyo or Shanghai, but it is one of 3) ………… (popular) tourist destinations of all. London is probably 4) ………… (famous) for its museums, galleries, palaces and other sights, but it also includes a 5) ………… (wide) range of peoples, cultures and religions than many other places. People used to say that it was 6) ………… (dirty) city too, but it is now much 7) ………… (clean) than it was. To the surprise of many people, it now has some of 8) ………… (good) restaurants in Europe too. For some people, this makes London 9) ………… (exciting) city in Europe. Unfortunately, London is definitely not 10) ………… (expensive) city in Europe, though a holiday in London is good value for money, considering what there is to see and do there.

Write one word in each gap.

San Francisco

Tourists to San Francisco are rarely disappointed 1)......... the famous range of cultural and artistic attractions the city has to offer. But san Francisco is more famous 2)......... being on the San Andreas fault, a notorious source of earthquakes. Over seven hundred people died in San Francisco in the great earthquake of 1906, and more than 70 perished in another large quake in 1989. It’s hard 3)......... imagine why anyone would want to live in such a dangerous area, but millions of people choose to do so. They are all familiar 4).........the faultline, and are aware 5)......... the potential danger if there’s another powerful quake. Yet nothing, it seems, will prevent people 6)......... building in San Francisco. A quick glance 7)......... a photo of the city shows a large number of modern skyscrapers, many of them completely covered 8)......... glass.

Seismologists are constantly warning residents 9)......... the possibility of ‘the next big quake’. They expect it 10)......... happen sooner rather than later. But San Franciscans are not short 11)......... courage. Except 12)......... making doubly sure that their buildings are built to the highest safety standards, they carry on with their daily lives as if nothing could ever disrupt them.

 

PRACTICE 6.

1. Complete the text below with the full infinitive, the bare infinitive or the – ing form of the verbs in brackets.

Glastonbury Festival

If you want 1)......... (experience) a unique music and performing arts festival, you should definitely consider 2)......... (go) to Glastonbury this summer. The Glastonbury festival takes place in England and is held over one weekend in the Vale of Avalon, a beautiful place with green fields and lush woodlands. It is said that King Arthur was buried there. At the festival, you will have the chance 3)......... (meet) people of different nationalities, ages, backgrounds and musical tastes who gather in the fields, set up camp and enjoy all the entertainment the festival has 4)......... (offer). There is a huge variety of performances including pop, jazz, rock, hip-hop and folk music, theatre, circus, cinema and poetry. If you are a budding artist, you can 5)......... (take) part in the talent competition. For those of you interested in 6)......... (try) something different to ease your aches and pains, there are specialists who provide demonstration of complementary and alternative medicine. In addition, there is a market where visitors are able 7)......... (try) organic food and buy handmade jewellery and clothes. If you plan 8)......... (bring) children to the festival, there is Kids field where artists provide entertainment and organise lots of fun activities that children enjoy 9)......... (participate) in. Glastonbury Festival is an amazing experience and everyone should 10)......... (go) at least once in their lifetime and see what all the fuss is about. We guarantee that it is one decision you will not regret 11)......... (make) and that you will look forward to 12)......... (go) again and again.

Choose the correct answer.

1. There was a lot of traffic and I got / arrived to the cinema after the film had started.

2. There are a lot of youth hotels / hostels around the town.

3. Long trips / voyages always make me feel seasick.

4. They set out on an expedition / excursion to conquer the top of the mountain.

5. How long is the journey / travel from London to Manchester?

6. The famous pop star stayed in one of the hotel’s luxurious cabins / suites.

7. We experienced some turbulence during our flight / tour to New York.

The Dominican Republic

a)......... Dominican republic is b)........ country of approximately 8 million people, and is located on c)......... eastern two-thirds of d)......... Caribbean island of e)......... Hispaniola, which is f)......... second-largest of g)......... Greater Antilles islands. h)......... western part of i)......... island forms j)......... Republic of k)......... Haiti. l).......... capital of m)......... country is n)......... city of o)......... Santo Domingo and is located in p)......... southern part of q).........island. r)......... second largest city is s)......... Santiago. t)......... country has three major mountain ranges, and u)......... highest peak is v)......... Pico Duarte (3,175m). w)......... geography of x)......... country is varied, and ranges from y)......... semi-desert plains to z)......... lush valleys of tropical rainforest. 1)......... economy depends largely on 2).........agriculture, with 3)......... sugar as 4)......... main crop, though 5)......... mining and 6)......... tourism are also important.

Choose the correct form.

Hello again from the rainforest. You won’t believe this, but I a) sit / am sitting on a small boat on a river in South America. I b) don’t know / am not knowing the name of the river in England, but now we c) travel / are travelling through the rainforest. It’s really hot, and water d)drips /is dripping from my face, so I e) apologize / am apologizing for my bad handwriting. The batteries of my camera f) run out / are running out too, so don’t expect many photos. The other problem here is the rain. It g) rains / is raining nearly every day, which is why they h) call/ are calling it a rainforest I k) have / am having a really good time, and l) find out / am findingout a lot about the flora and fauna in the rainforest. The trees here m) grow / are growing to 60 metres, which n) makes / is making it very dark all the time in the forest. There aren’t really any paths, and people o) travel / are travelling everywhere by water, or by plane. Of course we ecotourists p) take / are taking this trip for fun, because we q) want / are wanting to. What else can I tell you? Well, everything r) smells / is smelling really bad here. And it’s very noisy because the birds and animals s) seem / are seeming to stay awake all night. Ugh, sorry, a horrible spider t) crawls / is crawling along my leg. That’s all for now!

Choose the correct form.

1. Gottfried Liebnits and Isaac Newton developed the mathematics we call calculus at about the same time in the 17^th century, although their versions a) were / had been slightly different. However, Newton was sure that he was first and that Leibnits b) copied / had copied him.

2. The Wright brothers made the first powered flight in 1903, but only four men and a boy c)saw / had seen their plane fly. Until Wilbur Wright flew in front of a large crowd in France in 1908, most people refused to believe that their earlier flight d) succeeded / had succeeded.

PRACTICE 7.

Choose the correct form.

1. Shakespeare e) used / had used familiar stories and events from history in a lot of his plays, so the audience f) heard / had heard the plots before. However, that didn’t stop him being very successful.

2. Aristotle g) was / had been a philosopher and teacher in ancient Greece. By the time he died in 322 BC, he h) had written / wrote some of the most famous philosophical texts of all time, and had tutored Alexander the Great.

4. In the sentences below choose from the adjectives in bold two that form appropriate adjective-noun collocations.

1. This seaside resort has a vibrant / luxurious / lively atmosphere and is frequented by young people or the young at heart who are interested in living it up.

2. Upon reaching the summit, you encounter an elegant / outstanding / idyllic view, which n\more than makes up for the strenuous five-hour hike needed to get there.

3. This establishment has spectacular / exclusive / tranquil amenities that make your stay here exceptionally convenient by catering for your every need.

4. The lush / unspoilt / traditional beaches and crystal-clear waters are bound to take your breath away.

5. The traditional / lush / exceptional cuisine will tantalize your taste buds and broaden your culinary horizons.

6. This restaurant distinguishes itself from other establishments by virtue of its unspoilt / outstanding / elegant service.

7. The luxurious / idyllic / unspoilt accommodation made staying at that pricy resort well worth it.

8. I fond lively / lush / unspoilt scenery at the tropical resort a refreshing change from the bland and colourless landscape back home.

Choose the correct form.

1. Scientists a) have recently identified / have been identifying a new species of animal in the rainforest of Borneo. They b) have been searching / searched for this creature for several years, after reports from local villagers, and say it a type of lemur.

2. Archaeologists in Guatemala c) have found / have been finding a Mayan wall painting which they think is more than 2.000 years old. Archaeologist William Saturno d) explored / has been exploring the site since 2002.

3. Scientists using the Hubble Space Telescope think they e) found / have found two new moons circling the planet Pluto. Astronomers f) have been looking / looked closely at Pluto since 1978 when they g) spotted / have spotted its first moon. The telescope h) worked / has been working for fifteen years, and i) has been producing / has produced more than 700,000 images of the universe.

4. Australian scientists j) have been discovering / have discovered a new coral reef over 60 km long in the Gulf of Carpentaria by using satellites to spot the reefs in deep water. Recently divers k) have managed / have been managing to reach the reefs and take photographs.

PRACTICE 8.

Yoga, lions or cookery

Our holiday plans are changing. Jane Szita discovers the travel trends of today and tomorrow.

A Your dream destination could be a Parisian hotel or a Mongolian yurt but, whatever your specific tastes, we all love to travel. Tourism is the world’s biggest industry and some forecasts indicate that the tourist industry could double in size over the next twenty years. Rising prosperity in developing economies means that future travelers will be Chinese, Russian, Brazilian or Indian: it is predicted that there will be 100 million Chinese tourists a year by 2020.

B As tourism increases, our expectations rise, too. Instead of package holiday (involving a flight and a stay in a hotel) now we want elephant-back safaris in Thailand. The new package holiday needs to combine relaxation with the activity like cooking or yoga. Holidays have become an essential part of the ‘experience economy’. This means we define ourselves by doing something memorable. People want to do something special like tagging lions in Africa or bear-watching in Columbia. The World Trade Organization predicts that people in rich nations will take four holidays every year by 2020.

There is increasing demand for tailor-made holidays with some of us designing our own trips and asking travel companies to combine different itineraries for us. Libia, Mali and Mongolia are becoming more popular destinations.

C Technology is reshaping the work-holiday balance. A recent holiday report predicted strong growth in international commuting (living in one country and working in another) and the existence of two new categories of holidays – ‘hard’ and ‘soft’. ‘Hard’ is the traditional holiday break and ‘soft’ is a mix of time off with work (even if it is done on the beach). The future will involve employers adopting more flexible time-off policies such as providing travel loans to employees who wish to ‘buy’ extra holidays. Up to three-quarters of working adults in Britain are now thinking of taking a career break. This enables them to learn practical skills like languages and leadership.

D Dr Deborah Hawkins, an environmental geographer, predicts that the next decade will be the ‘era of ethical tourism’. ‘Green’ holidays will attract not only environmentally-aware consumers, but those looking for a ‘more authentic travel experience’. Such holidays can include some voluntary work. It is all a far cry from the package tours of the late twentieth century. It is certainly an improvement for today’s lucky tourists. However, according to leisure studies professor Geoff Godby, all holidays share the same benefits, in terms of relaxation and health, whether you spend a week working to build a school or lying on a beach.

 

PRACTICE 9.

PRACTICE 10.

1. Complete the text with these words: accommodate; communities; density; distribution; household; housing; migrant; slum.

Overcrowding in Hong Kong

Hong Kong’s population 1) ……… is 5,580 persons per square kilometer. However, because of its uneven population 2) ………, some areas, such as Mong Kok in Kowloon, have about 40,000 persons per square kilometer (about 100,000 per square mile).

Most of Hong Kong’s slums areas have been replaced by public high-rise apartment blocks. Peaceful demonstration have gained improved 3) ……… rights and improved buildings.

Hong Kong’s government has reduced the demand for transport by building numerous planned 4) ……… near employment centres. Since many people in Hong Kong prefer living near their workplace, this approach has helped to 5) ……… Hong Kong’s large population on its small areas of land.

Wages are low in Hong Kong, but rents in public housing seldom rise above fifteen per cent of a family’s income and most families pay well under ten per cent of their 6) ……… income.

Some 7) ……… areas are still located in downtown Hong Kong and steep hillsides. The people who live in these slums are often single men and women, many of them old, who never married. Many recent 8) ……… families from China and Vietnam live in Hong Kong’s harbor area.

Choose the correct form.

Many students report that they often feel a) bored / boring by studies. This is not b) surprised / surprising when you consider how some students study. A recent report, which many teachers find c) worried / worrying, suggests that a majority of students listen to music at the same time as studying.

However, what experts say about this issue is rather d) confused / confusing. Some people study more effectively when they are e) relaxed / relaxing, and listening to music may help. Students who are f) worried / worrying by the pressure of school may find that they are in a better mood if their music is playing. When they become more g) interested / interesting in what they are studying, they do not in fact ‘listen’ to the music at all. It just becomes background noise. On the other hand, there are certainly students who find the music more h) entertained / entertaining than their school work, and never really concentrate on their work at all. So perhaps we shouldn’t be i) surprised / surprising to discover that listening to music helps some but not all, though this can also depend on the type of music. And it also depends on what students are supposed to be studying. Anyone who listens to music while trying to read and remember details will almost certainly be j) distracted / distracting by the music. So in the end, perhaps it’s a matter of ‘what works for you’.

PRACTICE 11.

Read and retell the text.

Roaming by rail

My love of trains dates back to when I was seven or eight and my father took me to watch smoke-belching expresses roaring in and out of the Totley tunnel, on the outskirts of Sheffield. I experienced a passionate feeling of excitement that day, part of which was aesthetic. I thought the locomotives, no matter how oily and dirty, to be beautiful machines, thrilling expressions of power, moving effortlessly through city and countryside.

Since then, I have been lucky enough to undertake many rail trips throughout the world, but my most memorable journeys have usually involved a degree of suffering. On most of them, the usual essentials – cleanliness, speed, punctuality, and safety – have all been conspicuously absent. The Nile Valley Express from northern Sudan to Khartoum stopped frequently for no reason at all, the restaurant car was uncontaminated by food, and sand blew in through in the windows. However, we went so slowly that I could sit on the steps at night by an open doorway and catch the lonely beauty of a moon-silver desert, and in the morning I could scramble up onto the roof and take tea with those travelling free of charge and try to explain as best I could why nobody travelled on the roof in England.

The train on which I made a momentous journey, from Africa, on the edge of the Atacama Desert, to La Paz in Bolivia, the world’s highest capital city, could barely be called a train at all. It consisted of one diesel-powered coach, built to carry suburban commuters in and out of Munich, and when it proved too old for this, it was put to work carrying people over the Andes, at the highest point, oxygen was laid on for a decent turn of speed we were promptly derailed, in pitch darkness, a half-hour La Paz.

A small child who had witnessed our fate told us cheerfully that the trains were always derailed here. Passengers helped find rocks and stones to build a ramp, up which we then pushed the train until the offending wheels were back on the line and the journey restarted. It took us 14 hours to climb the Andes, at average speed of 24 kilometres per hour, but by the end, we had all seen wonderful things and enjoyed the heady climax of a corkscrew decent into the heat of volcano in which La Paz sits.

PRACTICE 12.

Deep in the Amazon Jungle

Our last trip to Brazil, we decided to explore the country a bit further and go deep into the Amazon jungle. We knew that there were lots of different tribes, that lived 1) ……… from the outer world, and it would be an amazing experience to meet one and learn about their culture and customs. Thus, we hired a local guide, Akuawa, who knew the area and in fact he belonged to the Assurini tribe. Everyone 2) ……… on travelling Jeep, but we decided to take Jeep up to a point and then go oh foot. At first I was worried about the weather, but apart from a deep 3) ……… Of thunder, it was quite hot and with no rain. Since there were five routes which 4) ……… in Akuawa’s village, we chose to take the easiest one and after about two hours we arrived at the village. The people were very friendly and the chief of the tribe, who was responsible for his people’s welfare and also for 5) ………justice welcomed us. We were extremely lucky because we would be able to watch part of 6) ……… among the tribe that only the earth exists in the solar system and it revolves round the sun until one day when it will stop. Unfortunately, strangers were 7) ……… from almost half the ritual due to the fact that they were not allowed either to 8) ……… their secrets or 9) ……… their knowledge to any non-members of his tribe. However, we were allowed to visit a small temple with four remarkably well 10) ……….silver statues, and I even managed to get some pictures of them! it was almost afternoon, so we had to leave before it started getting dark. We thanked the villagers for their hospitality and promised to visit them again soon. Let’s hope that we will manage to do that one day!

 

	a	concluded	b	excluded	c	secluded	d	included
	a	persisted	b	insisted	c	resisted	d	assisted
	a	ramble	b	rumble	c	rubble	d	rabble
	a	converge	b	conveyed	c	converted	d	conversed
	a	dispensing	b	dispersing	c	dispelling	d	displeasing
	a	assists	b	consists	c	persists	d	resists
	a	excluded	b	secluded	c	included	d	concluded
	a	convey	b	converse	c	convene	d	convert
	a	transform	b	transport	c	transmit	d	transfer
	a	preserved	b	reserved	c	conserved	d	deserved

Write one word in each gap.

Jetlag

When you travel 1) ……… the other side of the world, jetlag is a real problem. You find yourself awake 2) ……… the middle of the night and you feel like going to bed 3) ……… the morning, just when everyone around you is getting up.

Jetlag happens when you go 4) ……… a country where the time is very different. For example, you might leave London 5) ……… midday and fly 6) ……… Los Angeles. The flight takes about eleven hours, so when you arrive 7) ……… Los Angeles airport, your body thinks you’re there 8) ……… 11 pm. But Los Angeles is eight hours behind London, so you actually get there 9) ……… 3 pm local time. So, 10) ……… midnight Los Angeles time, your body (which still thinks it’s 11) ……… in London) says it’s 8 pm. It takes a few days for your body clock to change.

PRACTICE 13.

ECOPSYCOLOGY

Sadly, the average contemporary is excessively polluted and 1) ……… (POPULATE) According to psychologists, modern-day life does not induce stress and have adverse effects on our health, but it can often be held responsible for our ostensibly inexcusable 2) ……… (BURST) of aggression. Perhaps it is a sign of the times that we should have to coin a connected concepts. Thus the term ecopsycology. We have deprived ourselves of our natural habitat in the name of 3) ……… (DEVELOP) Humans once lived in harmony with the environment. The comparison with today’s Earth is 4) ……… (COURAGE), and that’s an understatement. While our exposure to nature has 5) ……… (SIGNIFY) declined in the past years, ecological concerns have raised the alarm and people are increasingly looking forwards the younger generations. As we are realizing that fossil fuels are not 6) ……… (EXHAUST) and, consequently, looking for 7) ……… (NEW) sources of energy, more and more schools are trying to raise students’ 8) ……… (AWARE) in touch with our natural habitat. Scientists have long stressed the beneficial impact of nature on our emotional stability. It is time we 9) ……… (INVENT) our lives in a way that encompasses the serenity of the natural environment and 10) ……… (MAXIMUM) our exposure to it in order to improve our physical and mental health and well-being.

HOMEWORK PACK for the GROUP of TOURISM STUDENTS

(semester 7-8)

PRACTICE 1

1. Read the text about city breaks and answer the questions:

1) Which city is not a capital?

2) Which three cities are divided by rivers?

Riga

The capital city of Latvia, divided by Daugava River, is well-known for its impressive buildings, large parks and historic old town, for a spectacular view of the city, take the lift up the spire of St Peter’s Church. After exploring the city itself why not make the most of your stay by exploring some of the lovely surroundings areas? The nearby towns and villages are well worth visiting. What could be better than spending afternoon on the beaches of Jurmala, the famous Soviet spa town?

Athens

The capital of Greece is surrounded by three mountains and at least one of them can be seen from almost every street in the city. Plaka, the old Turkish quarter of the city, is well worth visiting. The side streets are packed with tourists but don’t let the crowds put you off as you explore the many souvenir shops in the area. Choose carefully and you can find some high-quality local crafts and hand-made clothing. Most of the city’s ancient sites are within easy reach of this district, too. Allow at least one full day to visit Acropolis, the most important ancient monument in the western world.

Edinburgh

Scotland’s beautiful capital city is full of history and first-rate attractions for people of all ages. Younger visitors will particularly enjoy looking at the many toys and games in the Museum of Childhood which has been described as ‘the noisiest museum in the world’. For the most spectacular views and walks in the city, take the chairlift to the summit of Hillend Ski Centre. This is Europe’s longest dry-ski and snowboard centre and one of Edinburgh’s most exhilarating and exciting tourist attractions.

Madrid

There is never dull moment in this city. The streets are full of life and energy by day and night so make the most of your visit by doing as the locals do and stay out late. Go with the flow and soak up the friendly, easy-going atmosphere. If you are an art lover, make sure you visit the Prado museum during your stay. Here you can see some of the finest paintings and sculptures all under one roof. People who live in this capital come from all over the world so there is a wide variety of restaurants for the visitors to choose from.

Dublin

You will find the old buildings, monuments and statues round every corner of this fascinating city. The centre of the capital is small so it is better explored on foot rather than by bus or taxi. The city is also an important cultural centre with a wide range of art galleries and museums to suit all tastes and budgets. If you like music why non head along to one of the many bars near the river? Here you can enjoy traditional Irish folk music for free.

Warsaw

This is a relatively modern city by Polish standards. The centre part of the capital was destroyed during the Second World War so you’ll discover an interesting mix of old and new architecture. Start your visit with a leisurely stroll in the old town before stopping for a coffee in one of the attractive cafés on the square. It’s a perfect place to sit and the world to go by. Then perhaps you will be ready to visit the Royal Castle and learn how kings once lived. After lunch, head for the new town and do some serious shopping in the city’s many department stores and souvenir shops.

Budapest

The river Danube divides the city into two parts – Buda and Pest so you can enjoy a stroll along the embankment or go on a pleasant boat trip. If you are feeling more energetic, why not spend the afternoon swimming in one of the many thermal spas? The city has number 2 ‘sightseeing’ tram which takes in many of the capital’s finest sights, including the beautiful five-star Gresham Hotel, the Chain Bridge and the whole panorama of the old city of Buda.

Istanbul

Istanbul may not be the capital of Turkey but it is the country’s largest city and main business centre, too. The Bosporus is on one side of the city and the Black Sea is on the other so make time for a ferry cruise during your visit. The city is also famous for its fine examples of Islamic, Roman and nineteenth-century architecture. If you don’t mind the crowds, why not head for the lively market district? There you can buy about anything from second-hand clothes and antiques to exotic spices. Don’t forget to check out the book bazaar.

 

2. Match the compound adjectives in the box with their meanings:

1) relaxed; 2) very good; 3) produced to high standard; 4) famous; 5) used, not new; 6) made by someone without the use of machine; 7) of the highest quality possible.

well-known high-quality hand-made high-rate easy-going five-star second-hand

3. Find the words in the text with these meanings:

1) very important and special;

2) full of history;

3) full of people;

4) very old;

5) places of interest;

6) a walk in a slow relaxed manner;

7) something you buy to remind you of a visit to a place;

8) visiting interesting places on holiday;

9) the view of a wild area;

10) very old objects.