Read and translate the following text.

Would you Like to Become a Fruitarian

 

In many countries, the number of vegetarians, people who cut out meat and fish from their diets, is growing. Susie Miller has gone a few stages further; she’s a fruitarian – a diet not recommended for most people.

This is what she tells about her diet. “I have my breakfast at about eight o’clock. Yesterday this consisted of two apples, an orange and four tomatoes; I like a big breakfast. I don’t drink anything during the day such as tea or water as I fid I get all the fluid I need from my diet. After breakfast I take the children to school and then go to the gym until eleven. I work out every day. After this morning’s session I had a snack of a couple of apples and a small bunch of seedless grapes.

I then went home and did some work. I run an organization called Fresh Network, which is a support and information network on the raw food lifestyle, and every three months we produce a newsletter. The organisation provides information on the benefits of raw food for health.

I quite often take lunch upstairs with me to eat while I’m working. Yesterday I had about 12 tomatoes, half a lettuce and then a couple of apples and orange. Some people think I have an incredibly boring diet but this isn’t the case. Because I only eat raw food, this heightens my senses and so I find my diet wonderfully exciting.

I make sure my children have freedom of choice about what they eat. I certainly don’t force them to eat raw food but just teach them the goodness of it. If they feel like cooked food, I’ll prepare them a vegetarian meal.

I don’t like to eat food too late; it doesn’t seem to agree with me. I usually have a final snack at about eight in the evening of a couple of apples, and that’s it.

I’m very unusual for a raw food eater as I don’t eat nuts, seeds etc. My body is extremely sensitive and I find I no longer need those things. I‘ve been a fruitarian for about three and half years and don’t miss anything. People think I have a strong willpower. But it’s not really anything to do with that. Generally speaking, I don’t want to.

In winter I might have a bit of steamed vegetables once or twice a week and I usually eat more at that time of a year than in summer. Occasionally I get longings – a strong desire for something else. Last winter, for example, I had a few baked potatoes but my body felt so strange after eating them I haven’t wanted them since.

It’s not that you can’t eat certain things, you just find the diet to suit you. There are in fact no rules – everyone works out their own. And I’ve found a regime that I’m comfortable with. But it’s my regime and I don’t recommended it for anybody else.”

Choose the best explanation of the underlined phrases taken from the text.

1. Susie Miller has gone a few stages further.

a) Susie has chosen a very rare diet;

b) Susie’s food preferences make her unique;

c) Susie diet is stricter than that of most vegetarians.

2. I run an organization called Fresh Network…

a) Susie is the head of the company;

b) Susie is a member of organization;

c) Susie is an employee at the organization.

3. Because I only eat raw food, this heightens my senses …

a) Susie becomes more sensible;

b) Susie becomes more sensitive;

c) Susie becomes elated.

4. If they feel like cooked food, I’ll prepare them a vegetarian meal.

a) If it necessary for them to eat cooked food, …;

b) If they are not against cooked food, …;

c) If they want to have cooked food, ….;

5. I don’t like to eat food too late; it doesn’t seem to agree with me.

a) It’s against Susie principles;

b) She doesn’t feel well after it;

c) It is against the rules of the diet.

Express your opinion on the following questions.

1. What do you think of Susie’s diet?

2. Do you think she has and will have many followers?

3. Would most doctors approve of Susie’s diet? Why? Why not?

4. What are advantages and disadvantages of her diet?

5. Do you think people who want to follow Susie’s diet need a strong willpower? Why? Why not?

6. Why do you think Susie doesn’t recommend her regime to other people?

7. Do you think Susie’s children when they grow up would thank her for making them vegetarians? Why? Why not?

Література: [5, c. 183 – 185; 6 c. 373 - 374].

ПРАКТИЧНЕ ЗАНЯТТЯ № 5

Тема. Їжа. Способи приготування їжі

Ways of Cooking

Мета: розібрати нові лексичні одиниці, які необхідні при перекладі рецептів та способів приготування їжі.

Topical Vocabulary

Ways of cutting: chop, dice, grate, fillet, snip, mince (grind AE), peel, shred, slice, carve, skewer.

Ways of food preparation: beat, dip, mix, drain, mash, stuff, squeeze, core, soak, rinse, stir, roll, grind, knead, roll out, sift, whip, ice.

Ingredients: batter, cream, dough, flour, egg whites, egg yolks, butter cream, filling, confectionary sugar, icing.

Cultural Comparison. Read the following text.

Do you know what to eat in Britain? The Health Education Authority asked a number of people in Britain what sort of meals and snacks they eat regularly. Here are the most common replies to the survey.

ENGLISH MEALS

Breakfast

The most popular choices are: a bowl of cornflakes and a cup of tea, a bowl of muesli and fresh orange juice, a piece of toast with marmalade, a yoghurt and fresh fruit with black coffee or tea. The traditional British breakfast is a cooked meal of bacon, eggs and sausages, preceded by cereal or fruit and followed by toast. Nowadays, this large meal is served mainly in hotels and is very popular with foreign visitors. Britons eat this big breakfast at weekends or on special occasions but prefer a smaller, healthier meal to start a normal day.

Snacks and Lunches

Lunch is a light afternoon meal and is eaten at school or work. Lunch takes 30-40 minutes. Some offices have installed a microwave oven for employees to use. Popular lunches are: a salad or a sandwich, a baked potato, beans on toast. Sometimes when the English get up later and have their first meal at about 10 or 11 o’clock, they call it ‘brunch’ (breakfast + lunch). Snacks are very popular in Britain and many people frequently eat snacks between meals. There are lots of snack bars and cafes selling bread and meat and fish and all kinds of salads (called ‘fillings’) to go in the sandwich. Schools and workplaces may also sell snacks such as crisps, chocolate, sweets and biscuits. Instant snacks are the fastest-growing sector of the food market; 5.5 million packets of crisps are sold every year. British kids eat more sweets than any other nationality. Biscuits, chocolates and sweets worth more than $5 billion were sold in Britain in 1990.

Dinner and Take-Aways

Dinner is usually the main meal of the day and consists of two courses - meat or fish and vegetables followed by a dessert or pudding. Pre-packed or pre-cooked convenience foods are especially popular. 3,000 million of frozen foods are sold in an average year. Sixty per cent of British homes use a microwave oven for cooking.
In recent years, foreign foods have become a regular part of the British diet. Indian, Italian and Chinese dishes are particularly popular for evening meals. Most supermarkets sell a range of meals to be heated in the microwave.
Take-aways became extremely popular in the 1980s. The traditional British take-aways is fish and chips eaten with salt and vinegar and served in an old newspaper. Most towns and cities now offer a wide range of take-away meals, from American style hamburgers to Turkish kebabs. Many families prefer to eat take-away food for dinner instead of cooking, and it is not unknown for people to buy a take-away after a visit to the pub or after a night out - in addition to dinner! The British are famous for their love of sweet things, and afternoon tea with sandwiches, jam and several different kinds of cake was once a traditional custom. Like the English cooked breakfast, it is now more often found in teashops and hotels than in private homes, and you can buy special guidebooks to tell you where the best afternoon teas are served. Most working people do not have tea as an afternoon ‘meal’, but they do have a short break in the middle of the afternoon for a cup of tea.

4. Speak with your partner, decide what sort of meals and snacks Ukrainian people eat regularly. Make a list of the most popular dishes.

Література: [6, c. 360 - 374].

ПРАКТИЧНЕ ЗАНЯТТЯ № 6

Тема. Погода та клімат

Weather and Climate

Мета: розібрати нові лексичні одиниці, які необхідні при веденні розмови про погоду та клімат.

Topical Vocabulary

Weather in General: blizzard, blustery, breeze, downpour, flood, forked lightning, gale, hurricane, mist, overcast, parched, sleet, storm, wind.

Kinds of weather: bad, beastly, bleak, bright, broken, dull, fair, fine, foul, good, hazy, overcast, rotten, rough.

1. Read the weather forecast below and find in the text the words meaning: recently, spreading, a bit, spell of rain, plentiful, building up, period of time.

Tomorrow, most of England and Wales will have a fine and dry day, but cloud, and rain will be moving across Ireland and western Scotland. Tuesday will be mainly fine in most parts of UK, while on Wednesday it will be warm with rain or showers in the west.

There will be a scattering of showers developing during the morning, but these will be mainly to the east of the UK. Otherwise many western areas should stay dry and bright with sunny spells. Even to the east where showers are likely, there will be still sunny spells in between. Showers will be most abundant during the afternoon, but again mainly in eastern areas and still with bright or sunny spells in between. West and northwest England, Wales, western Scotland and Northern Ireland should all stay mainly fine and dry. The wind only be a light, mainly westerly, so in the sunshine it will feel warm with temperatures just a shade above normal, still warmer than of late.

2. Write down tomorrow’s weather forecast for Ukraine.

3. Cultural Comparison. Read and translate the following text.

British Weather and Mood

The English are said to be obsessed by the weather, and with the unpredictable weather they have to face daily, it is not surprising. And, of course, one's moods are bound to be affected by this constant change.

One might feel depressed for days if the sky is overcast, and the sun fails to break through the clouds. In just the same way, rain can put you in a bad mood. Although the winter is not normally very cold, it is the damp that makes you moody.

However, when the sun shines your mood lifts. A rainbow after a storm can make you feel extremely optimistic. A spring breeze can be refreshing, and a sunny day can make you feel lively.

There's nothing like an English summer to cheer you up. With clear blue skies and cotton wool clouds you can feel on top of the world.

Now read extracts from several weather forecasts and tell what mood the English are likely to have on these days.

"...The day will start off with thundery showers in the north which should give way to some sunny spells in the afternoon. The Midlands will be mainly cloudy and windy all day, with temperatures barely rising above freezing. The South West looks set for a rainy day, although the rain may ease off in the late afternoon..."

"...Good evening, my name is Ian Fish. The good news today is that the weather will be better- than yesterday, with less rain and more sunshine. The temperature 'will be a few degrees higher, but will drop again from the early evening onwards, getting as low as 2 degrees Celsius. The weather tomorrow will continue to be unsettled, with showers throughout the day. There should be a few sunny periods, but later in the afternoon the showers will be replaced with heavier, more prolonged rain, which will die out later in the evening. Drivers on Sunday will be hampered by thick fog and very poor visibility. As the temperature drops, there may also be patches of black sleet on the roads, and we advise against travelling unless it is absolutely necessary. Later, rain will turn to snow and possibly ice on higher ground. Have a good weekend, whatever the weather, wherever you are!"

Література [5, c. 221 – 222; 7, c. 79, c. 296 - 305]

ПРАКТИЧНЕ ЗАНЯТТЯ № 7

Тема. Bиди опадів

Types of Precipitations

Мета: розібрати нові лексичні одиниці, які є необхідними при перекладі прогнозів погоди та при веденні розмови про погоду.

Topical Vocabulary

Rain: cloudburst, deluge, down, pour, drizzle, raindrop, rainfall, shower, The Deluge, torrent.

Other: flurry, frost, hail, hoar (frost), sleet, slush, snow, snow cover, snowfall, snowflake, wintry.

Characterizing Precipitation: driving, raging, relentless, rough, severe.

Verbs to describe actions during natural disasters: be lost, bear the burden, burst (the banks), cut off, evacuate, flee, go down, go missing, hit, overflow, strike, switch over, trigger, urge.

Some nouns to describe the natural disaster: displaced flood victim, emergency crew, flood warning, imminent danger, landslide, merchant mariner, property, prospect.