Ex. 1. Use the following sentences in the Passive Voice

 

The Passive Voice (пассивный залог)

Hetook the book.                                Active Voice

The bookwas takenby him.       Passive Voice

Но подлежащее активного залога, выраженное такими словамикакpeople, one, someone/somebody, they, he, etc., обычно опускается в пассивном залоге.

of, with

The house is built of stone.

The letter is written with the pencil.

Everybody knows him.

He is known. by everybody

Hegaveme the book.

I was given the book (by him).

The book was given to me (by him).

1) глаголы на -ся:

Дома строятся из камня.

2) быть + глагол 3 формы:

Дом был построен в 1975 году.

3) неопределённо-личные предложения

Ему сказали об этом вчера.

 

The houses are built of stone.

 

The house was built in 1975.

 

He was told / said about it yesterday.

to be + 3 форма глагола

1) Present Indefinite     am

is           taken, cleaned

are

2) Present Continuous  am

is           being + taken, cleaned

are

 

3) Past Indefinite          was        taken, cleaned

were

 

4) Past Continuous      was

were      being + taken, cleaned

 

5) Present Perfect         have

has        been + taken, cleaned

Present Perfect Continuous – ___________

 

6) Past Perfect                       had      been + taken, cleaned

Past Perfect Continuous – ___________

7) Future Indefinite      shall

will        be + taken, cleaned

 

 

Future Continuous – _______________

8) Future Perfect          shall

will     have been + taken, cleaned

 

Русский язык

обстоятельство времени

Английский язык

подлежащее

В этом доме не живут.

В этой кровати не спят.

This house is not lived in.

This bed is not slept in.

 

► С глаголами, которые берут два предмета: bring, tell, send, teach, promise, buy, etc.,можно сформировать два разных пассивных предложения. Хотя более типичным считается начало пассивного предложения с исполнителя действия.

Active: Jessica showed Rod some photos.

Passive: Rod was shown some photos by Jessica. (more usual)

      Some photos were shown to Rod by Jessica.

► That machine was invented by the great scientist.

Who was that machine invented by?

Exercises

1. I was sure they had already sent the letter.

2. They are constructing a new bridge at present.

3. Wait a little. They are examining the last student now.

4. They have not yet told him the truth.

5. I am sure your answer will surprise the examiner.

6. They will have built the new library by the end of the year.

7. They punished the boy for that.

8. They did not see him anywhere yesterday.

9. The students have been discussing the problem for about an hour.