Estimation of the population

Estimation of the population is a statistical measure, by means of which the parameters ofthe population are supervised and studied. Principles of the population estimation:

1. Universality.

2. A certain moment estimation for the whole population.

3. The working of the program of the estimation.

4. Account of individual features of each man.

5. The collecting items of information directory from the population.

6. Combination of general and selective methods.

7. Processing materials on the computer.

 

Density of population is the amount of the people living on 1 sq.km. Density is accommodation necessary for public-economic plans, planning of public health services, for organization of sanitary-hygienic measures, for the account migration processes.

Age-sexual structure of the population is initially determined by:

· Proportion of the girls and boys at birth (104-105 boys to 100 girls)

· Mortality according to the sex (in all age periods mortality of the man`s population is higher)

· Migration processes

· Wars

Types of the population by age:

1. Progressive: number of population of 0-14 years old exceednumber of populationof 50 years old and more.

2. Regressive: number of thepopulation of 50 years old and more exceeds the number ofpopulation of  0-14 years old.

3. Stable (stationary):  the balance between young and elderly age.

Demographic process

· Mechanical internal and external migration (emigration and immigration):the number of population and structure.

· Natural: the birth rate, mortality and natural increase.

Parameters of natural movement of the population.

1. General demographic parameters.

2. Special demographic parameters.

 

General demographic parameters are estimated for 100 populations.

 

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Special demographic parameters are parameters of mortality and birth rate for separateage sexual groups:

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5. Reproduction of the population:

· Brutt ocoefficient – average number of the girls, delivered by one woman, in the fertile period (15-49 year old);

· Netto coefficient - average number of the girls, born by one woman, the fertile period and lived up to the period reproduction.

· Total-coefficient – average of children, born by one woman at  the fertile period.

 

Control  question s:

 

1. What is demography?

2. What are the main branches studiedin demography?

3. Kinds of movement of population (natural, mechanical).

4. Estimation of population. Principles of the population estimation.

5. Parameter of population.

6. Migration of population. Kind of migration.

7. Reproduction of the population.

8. Indices of natural movement.

9. The coefficient of birth rate, its characteristics.

10. The coefficient of mortality, its characteristics.

11. Factors which influence the birth rate, the mortality.

12. Evaluation of level of the birth rate and the mortality.

13. Special demographic indices.

14. Kinds of children`s mortality.