C амостоятельный причастный оборот содержится в предложении (МТ-2)

824. а) The techniques of laser application are well known, especially those of CO₂ laser.

b) Laser technology has wide application in surgery, CO₂ laser being most commonly used.

c) CO₂ laser is known to be most commonly used in surgery.

 

825. a) Cancer of the stomach is more common in men than in women, its incidence highest at ages

        of 50 to 60.

b) Cancer of the stomach is more common in men than in women, the highest incidence is noted   at ages 50 to 60.

c) Cancer of the stomach is noted to be more common in men than in women, and its incidence is highest at ages 50 to 60.

 

826. а) The role of hereditary factors is being discussed but this theory has not yet been proved.

b) The scientists are still discussing the role of hereditary factors, the hereditary theory unproved.                                                        

с) The hereditary theory is under a permanent discussion, it still remains unproved.

 

827. а) Intestinal tumors lead to chronic obstruction, it being a usual symptom of cancerous invasion.

b) Intestinal tumors lead to chronic obstruction after usual symptoms of cancerous invasion develop.

с) Intestinal tumors leading to chronic obstruction, first the symptoms of cancerous invasion appear.

 

828. a) High cholesterol level and chronic stress are known to increase the risk of developing diseases.

b) The risk of developing the disease is high, high cholesterol level and stress aggravating

the process.

c) High cholesterol level and stress are the factors aggravating the disease.

 

829. a) The maximum treatment distance is restricted: the best results are obtained 5-15 mm from

        the lesion.

b) The treatment distance is restricted to maximum: 5-15 mm from the lesion.

c) The maximum treatment distance is restricted, the best results being obtained 5-15 mm

from the lesion.

 

830. a) As the classes were over most of the students went home.

b) The classes finished, most of the students went home.

c) When the classes are finished most of the students go home.

 

831. a) After the man had developed peritonitis, the operation became urgent.

b) The man having developed peritonitis, the operation became urgent.

c) In men developing peritonitis the operation is urgent.

 

832. a) A 10-year plan being adopted, the British NHS is still suffering a lot of problems.

b) The British NHS is still suffering a lot of problems in spite of a 10-year plan of its developing.

c) Though a 10-year plan was adopted the British NHS is still suffering a lot of problems.

 

833. a) Aspirin has been used over 100 years now, its medical powers being still surprising.

b) Aspirin used over 100 years still surprises by its medical powers.

c) Aspirin still surprises by its medical powers though it has already been used for 100 years.

 

834. a) When new râles appear in the lungs the patient’s condition usually becomes worse.

b) The patient’s condition became worse after some new râles had appeared in the left lung.

c) New râles had appeared in the lungs, his condition becoming worse.

 

835. a) The classical symptoms of appendicitis are nausea, vomiting and pain beginning in

        the umbilical region.

b) The classical symptoms of appendicitis are pain, nausea and vomiting, the pain beginning

in the umbilical region.

c) The pain in the umbilical region, the classical symptom of appendicitis, is usually accompanied by nausea and vomiting.

 

836. a) Malignant hypertension may cause the damage to kidney blood vessels often resulting

        in cerebral hemorrhage.

b) Cerebral hemorrhage often follows kidney vessel damage caused by malignant hypertension.

c) Malignant hypertension causes serious damage to kidney blood vessels, this being followed

by cerebral hemorrhage.

 

837. a) Acute necrotizing encephalitis was diagnosed because histology showed grey and white matter.

b) When histology shows grey and white matter acute necrotizing encephalitis is usually suspected.

c) Histological examination having showed grey and white matter, acute necrotizing encephalitis was diagnosed.

 

838. a) The main symptom of angina pectoris is the chest pain which is generally described as a feeling of suffocation.

b) The chest pain generally described as a feeling of suffocation may be a symptom

       of angina pectoris.

c) The chief symptom of angina pectoris is the chest pain, it being generally described as

       a feeling of suffocation.

839. a) Oral organic nitrates dilating the arteries, the angina pain is controlled within some minutes.

b) As organic nitrates dilate the arteries the angina pains may be controlled within some minutes.

c) Oral organic nitrates dilating the arteries may control the angina pains within some minutes.

 

840. a) The soft tissue being easily divided by the laser beam, amputations take less time.

b) Amputations usually take less time when laser is applied.

c) As soft tissue is easily divided by the laser beam it is often used in amputations.