Find the English equivalents in the text.

 

1. организация генома                              
2. сортa                                                       
3. грибковая инфекция                                                    
4. неблагоприятное влияние на здоровье
5. химическое соединение                       

 

Fill in the gaps with the words or phrases given below.

 

a. herbicides	c.  grow faster	e. a food allergy
b. the genome	d. plant breeding	f. genetic modification

 

 

1. The goal of both GM and conventional 1. ……… is to produce crops with improved characteristics by changing their genetic makeup. GM achieves this by adding a new gene or genes to 2. ……….. of a crop plant. Conventional breeding achieves it by crossing together plants with relevant characteristics.
2. Many genetically modified foods have been created so that they’ll be able to 3. ……, allowing for the potential of two harvests instead of one.
3. People may eat animal protein items while eating vegetables because of 4. ………, which may be against their religious preferences, their eating preferences, or even cause a medical emergency if they have 5. …… already present.
4. Resistance to 6. ……… and other crop treatments leads to higher chemical use to get the same results, eventually causing insects and weeds to grow anyway.

 

Complete the sentences using the ideas from the text.

 

1. If the organisms cannot breed with one another modern technologies allow …
2. Genetic modifications allow for crops to be more resistant to …
3. Foods that have been improved genetically tend to have an improved stress tolerance, allowing them …
4. GM labeling is needed to ……
5. Natural and GM plants can cross-pollinate which leads to ….

 

Answer the questions

 

1. How long have humans modified plants?
2. What are the pros of genetically modified foods?
3. What are the cons of genetically modified foods?
4. Why is it hard to assert that GM foods are completely safe for humans?
5. What ecological damage can be caused be GM plants?

 

Grammar tasks.

 

Tense review. Are the sentences grammatically right or wrong? Correct the wrong ones.

 

1. The Chinese have invented printing.
2. Sarah is a vegan. She doesn’t eat meat products at all.
3. My parents have never was to Paris.
4. Two hours ago he was watching a film on TV.
5. All the guests had arrived by 10 o’clock yesterday.
6. The TV was on but nobody was watching it.         
7. I invited Rachel to the party but she couldn’t come. She had arranged to do something else beforehand.
8. The wind was so cold that I shutted the window.   
9. My sister wants to work in Brazil. She learning Portuguese.
10. “Where’s Sarah?” - “She has a bath.”         

 

Making comparisons. Complete the sentences using adjectives in brackets

1. It’s a very good film. It’s ……. film I’ve ever seen.                                          (good)
2. You are not very tall. Your brother is …………….                                          (tall)
3. She’s a very popular singer. She’s …….. singer in our country.                        (popular)
4. My chair isn’t very comfortable, yours is ………….                                         (comfortable)
5. “How long can I stay with you?” – You can stay ……. you like.                     (long)
6. We reached the train in three minutes. The station was ……… I thought.                   (near)

Complete the sentences with appropriate modal verbs.

1. It’s a very nice hotel. We ….. see a lake from our room.                       
2. In Britain many children ……. wear uniform at school.                       
3. Passengers ………… lean out of the windows. It’s forbidden.                                   
4. “I am always oversleeping!” – “You ….. go to bed so late!”                

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive form. Mind the tenses.

 

1. The patients …………their medicine every morning.                (give)                    
2. The missing person ………. by the private detective yesterday. (locate)                             
3. Her nails …………….at the moment.                                        (polish)
4. Her painting ……………...                                                        (just/sell)   
5. Tomorrow in court you ……… by a defence lawyer.                (represent)                        

11.  Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense, then identify the types of conditionals.

 

Example:

I’ll have/ 1

or

I’ll have/buy/ 1

 

1. The state of the economy......... if there is a change of government.                 (improve)  
2. Even if I............ them, it would have been too late to change their minds.                   (phone)     
3. If you.......... less, you would be able to concentrate on your work.                  (talk)         
4. If we...........some tools, we.........to repair the car, but we haven't got any with us. (have/be able)
5. Thank you for your help. If you......... me, I  ..........the examination.    (not help/not pass)

Writing

 

10. Write an essay on the topic “Ethical issues of surrogacy” in 150-200 words.

 

Variant 3

Text work