Consider the following questions.

LEAD-IN

SECTION OVERVIEW

…

Consider the following questions.

После чтения текста ответы следующие:

1. Is work the same as job? – no

2. Is labour the same as employees? – not exactly: according to the text, one on a contractual basis is labour + any work undertaken in return for payments of fixed nature in economic theory is called “ labour ”.

3. What does the work of HR department involve? - overseeing various aspects of employment: compliance, administration, recruitment and dismissal, finding new employees, keeping records, helping employees.

 

1.2.2

1l 2m 3i 4a 5b 6g 7d 8e 9f 10c 11h 12n 13j 14k 15o    16p 17q

COMPREHENSION

UNDERSTANDING THE READING

Give extensive answers to the questions. Use the following

expressions to start your answers:

In my opinion …. As I see it ….

From my point of view …. It would seem to me that ….

Personally, I think that …. As far as I am able to judge ….

 

1.	What is the difference between work and job?	Work - an effort to do or make something that has value, and for which they are usually paid.	See also: The work undertaken by a mother in caring for her children may be hard work, but it doesn’t receive fixed payment.
		Job: see “The total amount of work to be done in an organization must be divided into jobs so that it can be coordinated in a logical way”.	See also: Jobs are the cornerstone of human resource management
2.	Why is full employment a national economic goal?	Full employment is a condition in which as many people as possible can find a job. Those who are working produce the nation’s goods and services.	See also: The wages they receive become the money they spend as consumers.
3.	Why are jobs the keystone of human resource management?	jobs can be coordinated in a logical way
4.	In what way do a Human-resource department and a Personnel department differ?	HR department - the modern name for a Personnel department	See more in additional sources (optional)
5.	What does an HR department of an organization supervise?	various aspects of employment: compliance, administration, recruitment and dismissal, search for new employees, records keeping etc.
6.	Is any work labour? Why?	labour” is any work undertaken in return for payments of fixed nature The term ‘labour’ is used in economic theory. Work - an effort to do or make something that has value, and for which they are usually paid. The work undertaken by a mother in caring for her children may be hard work, but it doesn’t receive fixed payment.	See also: Labour in this sense is not concerned with distinctions of social class, but simply with the payment of wages in return for work. See also: The work undertaken by a mother is not labour in the strict economic sense.
7.	Who belong to labour force?	-All employees -people on unemployment who are seeking work, -the employers who provide employees with compensation
8.	Would any job seeker be considered part of the labour force?	yes
9.	What do we call a worker who works on a contractual basis?	an employee is one on a contractual basis is labour	See also: an employee is a worker who is on the payroll. In the basic terminology, all employees are labourers.
10.	Why is receiving a fixed payment important in economic activity?	The wages they receive become the money they spend as consumers.

 

Additional:

https://smallbusiness.chron.com/differences-between-labor-force-employees-36901.html

 

quora.com ›What-is-the…between-labour-and…employee

 

 

REVIEWING THE CONCEPT

Say whether these statements are true (T) or false (F),

And why.

e.g.1 In my opinion it is true that….

I’m afraid it is false that… because….

.	Why
T F 1. If a person is paid for something that has value it is called work	labour (in economic terms)
T F 2. Those who are working and receive payment are very important for the nation.	Those who are working produce the nation’s goods and services. The wages they receive become the money they spend as consumers.
T F 3. Human resources make up for the workload of an organization.	human resources (or human capital) are the people who make up the workforce of an organization, business, or economy
T F 4. An HR department of an organization watches over accord with labour law. Accord - (a formal) agreement	HR department oversees various aspects of employment, such as compliance with labour law and employment standards
T F 5. Recruitment is out of the responsibility of the Personnel department.	a Personnel department (HR department is the modern name for it) oversees various aspects of employment, such as … some aspects of recruitment and dismissal.
T F 6. An HR department deals with employee training.	An HR department deals with … them when they (employees) need training or when they have any problems.
T F 7. A Personnel department leaves keeping work records of the employees to other subdivisions of the organisation.	An HR department deals with … keeping records about all the organization’s employees
T F 8. Only a worker who is on the payroll is considered to be an employee.	a worker who is on the payroll is considered as an employee and one on a contractual basis is labour
T F 9. The activities of a farm worker and a nurse are both labour	Yes, because they receive fixed payment + both are measurable in payment received
T F 10. The term labour is mostly concerned with social differences.	labour is concerned with the payment of wages in return for work

 

Language in context

PREPOSITIONS

1.5.2.

1.5.3.

a. Look up the dictionary to find the difference between the words dismiss,

fire, sack resign, retire, quit, terminate. Match the words with their

Meanings.

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/ru/словарь/английский/terminate Dismiss - to remove someone from their job, especially because they have done something wrong: He has been dismissed from his job for incompetence. Synonyms fire (REMOVE FROM A JOB) sack (JOB) mainly UK + to formally ask or order someone to leave: The professor dismissed the class early because she had a meeting Fire - to remove someone from their job, either because they have done something wrong or badly, or as a way of saving the cost of employing them: She was fired after she was caught stealing from her employer. He was fired from his $165,000 job for poor performance. She has just been fired as editor of the newspaper. The company is reducing its workforce by firing 500 employees. Synonyms dismiss (END JOB) sack (JOB) mainly UK (US usually fire) Sack - to remove someone from a job, usually because they have done something wrong or badly, or sometimes as a way of saving the cost of employing them: They sacked her for being late. He got sacked from his last job. Synonyms dismiss (END JOB) fire (REMOVE FROM A JOB)   Quit verb [ I or T ] present participle quitting | past tense and past participle quit - to stop doing something or leave a job or a place: Would you quit your job if you inherited lots of money? [ + -ing verb ] I'm going to quit smoking. Quit wasting my time! Press Q to quit the program Terminate - to end or stop, or to cause something to end or stop: [ I ] Trains that used to terminate in Hoboken now run into New York. [ T ] It sounded like she was trying to terminate the conversation.   An employee who is terminated no longer has a job: [ T ] Employees can be terminated if they miss too many days of work without good reason. terminate sb from sth He was terminated from his position last week.

dismiss, fire, sack, terminate - they are synonymous but some of these are more crude. dismissed and terminated (termination) are often heard in the workplace in reference to a job being ended by the employer. fired and sacked are usually informal and used between friends when speaking about a job termination "They sacked me", "I was fired" vs "we have to dismiss you", "your position is being terminated"

1 e 2 e,f,g        3 e,f,g        4a 5b 6c,a 7d

b. Fill in the blanks with dismiss, fire, sack, resign, retire, quit, terminate.

1. The prime minister … five members of his cabinet for corruption. dismissed, fired, sacked

2. The manager was forced to … his secretary for unsatisfactory performance. dismiss, fire, sack, terminate  

3. They … him for incompetence. - dismissed, fired

4. He was … when his company needed to downsize. terminated

5. I will … you if you are late again. fire, sack (dismiss – formal)

6. He was … because he was late to work every day for a month. dismissed, fired, sacked, terminated

7. If your employers … you, they tell you that you can no longer work for them

because you have done something that they did not like or because your

work was not good enough. dismiss, fire, sack

8. Earlier today the Prime Minister … 18 government officials for dishonesty. dismissed, fired, sacked, terminated

9. He was … after his speech against the government. dismissed, fired, terminated

10. When older people …, they leave their job and usually stop working completely. retire

11. At the age when most people …, he is ready to face a new career. retire

12. Although their careers are important many employees said they plan to …

at 50. retire

13. Is he going to … from politics? resign, quit

14. If you … from a job or position, you formally announce that you are leaving

it. resign

15. He should … from his post, since it’s too much responsibility for him. resign, quit

16. She decided … her job in a pizza restaurant. quit

17. The boss is putting pressure on me to … you. dismiss, fire, sack, terminate

18. They … him for being rude to the customers. dismissed, fired, sacked, terminated

https://www.thebalancecareers.com/termination-from-employment-2060505

Communication skills

Task 4. Decide whether the response to each greeting is appropriate (A)

Or inappropriate (I). Why?

 

a) Leo: What do you do?

Hilda: I am making a report for an HR manager. Wrong

 

b) What is this visitor?

George: He is my brother. OK

 

c) Interview: What do you do for a living?

David: I work at the headhunters’. OK

 

d) Jack: Hi! I’m Jack.

Philip: Hi there! My name is Green. Wrong (must be Jack – Philip)

 

e) Bob: It’s a real pleasure to meet you.

Philip: Nice meeting you, too. Wrong

Nice meeting you' Say this when you meet someone for the first time, but say it at the end of the encounter. It's a bit like 'Goodbye'. You can also say this at the end of subsequent meetings. Although not if you meet the same person several times a day.

'Nice to meet you' Say this as soon as you meet someone for the first time. Think of it as ' Hello, new person '.

 

f) Luke: How are you doing, Philip?

Philip:  Better now. I had a cold the first two days. So-so, could be worse.

 

g) John: How do you do? I’m John Carstairs from the London office.

Philip: I’m fine. Thanks. I’m Philip Green. Wrong How do you do? I’m Philip Green

 

h) Gloria: Hi, there! Nice meeting you. I’m Gloria. Gloria Sanchez.

Philip: Nice to meet you, too. I’m Philip Green, but please call me Philip. Wrong: see above

 

i) Linda: How are you?

Philip: So-so, could be worse. Better now. I had a cold the first two days.

DIALOGUE

GRAMMAR BACK UP

PRACTICE WITH NOUNS & THEIR DETERMINERS

LEAD-IN

Exercise

PRACTICE WITH NOUNS

…

Exercise 1

Choose the correct form.

1. Statistics is / are …

2. The news that he was enable to earn a living was / were quite surprising.

3. Two weeks isn’t/ aren’t a very long time to become used up, is it / are they?

4. Money isn’t / aren’t the most important thing in life, is it / are they?

5. Seven pounds is / are an average weight for a new-born.

6. Politics is / are Professor Brown’s speciality.

7. The knowledge gained from the experience was / were invaluable.

8. Several Japanese was / were reported to complain that the fish had gone bad.

9. The imports has / have greatly increased which may influence the supply.

10. A knowledge of statistics, the analysis of how people and countries use their resources to produce, distribute, and consume goods and services is / are so important.

11. Sooner or later even very expensive clothes is / are used up.

12. What is / are his politics as to breaking into the South American market?

13. Most people hire / hires people they like, rather than the most competent person.

Exercise 2

Choose the correct form.

e.g. I’d like some data / datums about the supply of goods.

1. … was a woman with blond hair / hairs….

2. Did you have a good travel / journey from Switzerland?

3. We have the problem of scarcity and we’d like some advice / advices.

4. some evidence

5. I’d like to find out the cost of tuition, have you got an information / any information?

6. He is trying to find a work / job at the moment, he must do it to earn a living.

7. Economists studied different phenomenon / phenomena in order to solve the problem of scarcity.

8. Pennies / pence are made of nickel or cupronickel.

9. trivia (pl)

10. 90 pence

11. Mass medium / media are a good source of job openings.

12. In the English speaking countries eggs are sold in dozen / dozens.

 

Exercise 3

AND OTHER DETERMINERS

 

Exercise 1

Exercise 2

Choose the correct form

1. I know this / that  manager over there.

2. I was shocked by that / those news.

3. That / those language courses at the university are elementary.

4. She offered him a Chinese watch, but he wanted the Swiss one / ones.

5. You want the employer to purchase your abilities rather than that / those

of someone else.

6. Farm workers work on their own farms or that / those of others.

7. This job was boring and I decided to look for a more inspiring one / ones.

8. Why are you interested in the position and relate your interests to that / those of the company?

9. What are other types of employees besides major one / ones?

 

Exercise 4

Possessives …

1. ÖIs this the manager’s file?

2. ÖDo you know John’s last name?

3. Here is the Harper’s address.

4. ÖThe answers to the questions depend on a country’s human, natural, and capital resources, and also on its customs and valuesю

5. ÖWhat is the general relationship between a person’s education and that individual’s earning power?

6. ÖWhat’s the Wilsons’ address?

7. It’s a foolish idea of John Morse’s.

8. ÖWhere is that secretary of Peter’s?

9. I’ve got a week’s sick leave.

10. A persons’s employment status defines the rights and responsibilities that an employee has at work

 

Exercise 5

Supply a/an, the or “-”.

1. Mr. Buckhurst is an F.C.A.(= Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants).

2. John got a B.Sc. (= Bachelor of Science) from Durham University in 1988.

3. Do you know how much an MP (Member of Parliament) earns?

4. We studied - BASIC (= Beginners’ All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) at the computer class.

5. Does Ukraine belong to - NATO (= North Atlantic Treaty Organization)?

6. The shareholders are invited to attend the A.G.M. (= the Annual General Meeting).

7. - NASA (=National Aeronautics and Space Administration) had a setback in1986.

8. An I.Q. is a common abbreviation for an Intelligence Quotient.

9. The EEC (=the European Economic Community) established common tariffs against products from non-EEC nations.

10. - GATT (=General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) encompassed 22 countries in 1947, later the group expanded to somewhat about 100 countries.

11. The annual report contains a letter to the stockholders from the CEO (the Chief Executive Officer) of the corporation.

 

 

Exercise 1

Exercise 2

Misprint

6. A

7. A (A number of the rich among the Italians does not vary much from that among other nations)

8. B

9. C

 

REVISION

Exercise 1

Choose the correct determiner from the box and fill in the gaps with the

(6), a (3), an (3) this (1), these (1), or other (1) in the following letter of application.

 

1the       2the       3an        4a 5the       6the       7a 8a 9these       10an     11other  12the     13this    1  4an        15the

 

Exercise 2

1A  2C       3C 4A 5C 6A 7A 8A 9B 10A 11B 12C 13B        14C

Keith:

This is my second year at college.

I am on a “sandwich” course involving (1A) three years of theory| and a year spent in industry. I do (2C)  a part-time job at weekends – except when I have to play in a football match – working in a hotel. (3C) | This means that, with pocket money from my parents, I’ve usually got enough to do the things I want.

David:

Most higher education (4A) students receive| some financial support from LEAs (local education authorities) with (5C) | the rest of their money made up through parental support or through the Student Loans Company set up by central government to provide subsidized loans for students.

Frank:

Over 90 per cent of students on their first degree (6A) receive| awards covering tuition fees and maintenance. Parents also contribute, (7A) the amount| depending on their income. In addition, students are eligible for an interest-free loan.

 

Linda:

And here is (8A) another| dilemma for prosperous parents of university students: should they insist that their children learn to live on their student grants plus whatever they can earn during the holidays – or do they give them money to buy (9B) | the|clothes and electronic equipment they want?

Roger:

I’m in my third year at (10A)  Ö college | on the computer course and I have already learnt how to programme computers using (11B) | BASIC.

Most of (12C)  | the work  is practical with a lot of time spent at the keyboard. I’m looking forward to getting (13B)  | my own| car soon. At present a taxi (14C) | transports me between home and college and this is a bit expensive.

 

LEAD-IN

SECTION OVERVIEW

…

Consider the following questions.

После чтения текста ответы следующие:

1. Is work the same as job? – no

2. Is labour the same as employees? – not exactly: according to the text, one on a contractual basis is labour + any work undertaken in return for payments of fixed nature in economic theory is called “ labour ”.

3. What does the work of HR department involve? - overseeing various aspects of employment: compliance, administration, recruitment and dismissal, finding new employees, keeping records, helping employees.

 

1.2.2

1l 2m 3i 4a 5b 6g 7d 8e 9f 10c 11h 12n 13j 14k 15o    16p 17q

COMPREHENSION

UNDERSTANDING THE READING