Point out the kind of adverbial modifier, and state by what it is expressed. Translate into Russian

 

1. Gallio slowly nodded his head. (Douglas) 2. He's coming on Satur­day at one o'clock. (Cronin) 3. Lucia stopped them in their tracks with a stern command. (Douglas) 4. Sally was sitting on the front seat of the buggy, dumb and unhappy at being ignored. (Prichard) 5. I feel my own deficiencies too keenly to presume so far. (Shaw) 6. A few miners hung on, hoping the mines would reopen. (Prichard) 7. The first bar of gold raised hopes sky high. (Prichard) 8. She had to talk because of her desire to laugh. (Mansfield) 9. Gallio pushed back his huge chair and rose to his full height as if preparing to deliver an address. (Doug-las) 10. He takes a glass and holds it to Essie to be filled. (Shaw) 11.Morris was walking too quickly for Sally to keep up with him. (Prichard) 12. The poor woman was annoyed with Morris for dumping his wife on her. (Prichard) 13. It was quite a long narrative. (Douglas) 14. Of course Laura and Jose were far too grown-up to really care about such things. (Mansfield) 15. Now and then Gavin would stop to point out silently some rarity. (Cronin) 16. And for all her quiet manner, and her quiet smile, she was full of trouble. (Dickens) 17. The young school-teacher's spirits rose to a decided height. (Dreiser) 18. Evil report, with time and chance to help it, travels patiently, and travels far. (Collins)

 

 

IV) The compound and the complex sentence.

 

Exercises

 

1. Point out the coordinate clauses (mark the elliptical ones) and comment on the way they are joined.

 

1. It was high summer, and the hay harvest was almost over. (Law­rence) 2. All the rooms were brightly lighted, but there seemed to be complete silence in the house. (Murdoch) 3. One small group was playing cards, another sat about a table and drank, or, tiring of that, adjourned to a large room to dance to the music of the victrola or player-piano. (Dreiser) 4. His eyes were bloodshot and heavy, his face a deadly white, and his body bent as if with age. (Dickens) 5. He only smiled, however, and there was comfort in his hearty rejoinder, for there seemed to be a whole sensible world behind it. (Priestley) 6. You'll either sail this boat correctly or you'll never go out with me again. (Dreiser) 7. Time passed, and she came to no conclusion, nor did any opportunities come her way for making a closer study of Mischa. (Murdoch) 8. She often enjoyed Annette's company, yet the child made her nervous. (Murdoch) 9. She ran through another set of rooms, breathless, her feet scarcely touching the surface of the soft carpets; then a final doorway suddenly and unexpectedly let her out into the street. (Murdoch) 10. It was early afternoon, but very dark outside, and the lamps had already been turned on. (Murdoch) 11. A large number of expensive Christmas cards were arrayed on the piano; while upon the walls dark evergreens, tied into various clever swags of red and silver ribbon, further proclaimed the season. (Murdoch) 12. Brangwen never smoked cigarettes, yet he took the one offered, fumbling painfully with thick fingers, blushing to the roots of his hair. (Lawrence)

 

2. Define the kinds of subordinate clauses (subject, object and pre­dicative clauses). Translate into Russian.

 

1. Miss Casement stopped what she was doing and stared at Rainsborough. (Murdoch) 2. What you saw tonight was an ending. (Murdoch) 3. About what was to come she reflected not at all. (Murdoch). 4 It's odd how it hurts at these times not to be part of your proper family. (Murdoch) 5. The trouble with you, Martin, is that you are always looking for a master. (Murdoch) 6. Suddenly realizing what had hap­pened, she sprang to her feet. (Caldwell) 7. "It looks as though spring will never come," she remarked. (Caldwell) 8. I want you to sit here beside me and listen to what I have to say. (Caldwell) 9. Who and what he was, Martin never learned. (London) 10. That I am hungry and you are aware of it are only ordinary phenomena, and there's no disgrace. (London) 11. What he would do next he did not know. (London) 12. It was only then that I realized that she was travelling too. (Murdoch) 13. What I want is to be paid for what I do. (London) 14. I cannot help thinking there is something wrong about that closet. (Dickens) 15. And what is puzzling me is why they want me now. (London) 16. That was what I came to find out. (London) 17. What I want to know is when you're going to get married. (London) 18. Her fear was lest they should stay for tea. (Ch. Bronte) 19. That they were justified in this she could not but admit. (London) 20. What was certain was that I could not now sleep again. (Murdoch) 21. What vast wound that catastrophe had per­haps made in Georgie's proud and upright spirit I did not know. (Mur­doch) 22 After several weeks what he had been waiting for, happened. (London) 23, And let me say to you in the profoundest and most faith-ful seriousness that what you saw tonight will have no sequel. (Mur­doch) 24. I understand all that, but what I want to know is whether or not you have lost faith in me? (London) 25. He could recall with startl­ing clarity what previously had been dim and evasive recollections of childhood incidents, early schooling and young manhood. (Cald-well) 26. It's been my experience that as a rule the personality of a hu­man being presents as much of a complexity as the medical history of a chronic invalid. (Caldwell) 27. He (Cowperwood) had taken no part in the war, and he felt sure that he could only rejoice in itsconslusion-not as a patriot, but as a financier. (Dreiser) 28. He felt as if the ocean separated him from his past care, and welcomed the new era of life which was dawning for him. (Thackeray) 29. It was noticeable to all that even his usual sullen smile had disappeared. (Caldwell) 30. That I had no business with two women on my hands already, to go falling in love with a third troubled me comparatively little. (Murdoch) 31. I only write down what seems to me to be the truth. (Murdoch) 32. Believe me, believe us, it is what is best for you. (Murdoch) 33. Pleasantly excited by what she was doing, she momentarily expected somebody to stop her and remind her that she had forgotten to buy the evening paper and had failed to take the bus home at the usual time. (Caldwell) 34. I dislike what you call his trade. (Murdoch)

 

3. Define the kinds of attributive clauses. Translate into Russian.

 

1. "Everybody who makes the kind of blunder I did should apol­ogize," he remarked with a pronounced nodding of his head. (Caldwell) 2. Rachel had become aware of the fact that she was talking loudly. (Swinnerton) 3. He took after his blond father, who had been a painter. Rosa took after her dark-haired mother, who had been a Fabian. (Mur­doch) 4. What we are interested in, as author and reader, is the fact that publishing in England is now an integral part of big business. (Fox) 5. The first thing Martin did next morning was to go counter both to Brissenden's advice and command. (London) 6. The invalid, whose strength was now sufficiently restored, threw off his coat, and rushed towards the sea, with the intention of plunging in, and drag­ging the drowning man ashore. (Dickens) 7. He was suddenly reminded of the crumpled money he had snatched from the table and burned in the sink. (Caldwell) 8. Georgie, who is now twenty-six, had been an undergraduate at Cambridge, where she had taken a degree in econom­ics. (Murdoch) 9. He would speak for hours about them to Harry Esmond; and, indeed, he could have chosen few subjects more likely to interest the unhappy young man, whose heart was now as always devoted to these ladies; and who was thankful to all who loved them, or praised them, or wished them well. (Thackeray) 10. I hardly know why I came to the conclusion that you don't consider it an altogether fortunate attachment. (Pinero) 11. He walked to the window and stood there looking at the winter night-that had finally come upon them. (Caldwell). 12. What terrified her most was that she found deep in her heart a strong wish that Mischa might indeed want to reopen negotiations. (Murdoch) 13. Directly in front of her window was a wide terrace with a stone parapet which swept round to what she took to be the front of the house, which faced the sea more squarely. (Murdoch) 14. He spent half the week in Cambridge, where he lodged with his sister and lent his ear to neurotic undergraduates, and the other half in London, where he seemed to have a formidable number of well-known patients. (Mur­doch) 15. I went upstairs to lie down and fell into the most profound and peaceful sleep that I had experienced for a long time. (Murdoch) 16. "Palmer Anderson," said Georgie, naming Antonia's psychoanalist, who was also a close friend of Antonia and myself. (Murdoch) 17. She looked to him much the same child as he had met six years ago... (Murdoch) 18. Rosa had the feeling that she was both recognized and expected. (Murdoch) 19. Maybe the reason you don't want to go to a spe­cialist is because you don't want to change — you want to stay as you are. (Caldwell)

 

4. Define the nature of adverbial clauses. Translate into Russian.

 

1. He too had moved and was now standing where she had been a moment before. (Priestley) 2. Once they reached the open country the car leapt forward like a mad thing. (Murdoch) 3. Alban's eyes glit­tered as he looked at the buses and policemen trying to direct the confusion. (Maugham) 4. He watched until the final wisp of smoke had disappeared. (Caldwell) 5. Even after Glenn had nodded urgently to her, she continued to look as if she did not know whether to run away from him or to walk back down the corridor to where he stood. (Caldwell) 6. And he followed her out of the door, whatever his feelings might be. (Lawrence) 7. I came away the first moment I could. (Galsworthy) 8. If anything particular occurs, you can write to me at the post-office, Ipswich. (Dickens) 9. A cat with a mouse between her paws who feigns boredom is ready to jump the second the mouse makes a dash for free­dom. (Caldwell) 10. Gladys leaned forward and then turned her head so that she could look Penderel almost squarely in the face. (Priestley) 11.1 could work faster if your irons were only hotter. (London) 12. The aftermath of the cub reporter's deed was even wider than Martin had anticipated. (London) 13. But these two people, insufferable though they might be in other circumstances, were not unwelcomed. (Priestley) 14. Brissenden lay sick in his hotel, too feeble to stir out, and though Martin was with him often, he did not worry him with his troubles. (London) 15. Had the great man said but a word of kindness to the small one, no doubt Esmond would have fought for him with pen and sword to the utmost of his might. (Thackeray) 16. When Rainsborough received this news he was made so miserable by it that he was not sure that he could survive. (Murdoch) 17. However friendly she might seem one day, the next she would have lapsed to her original disre­gard of him, cold, detached, at her distance. (Lawrence) 18. Howard puffed his cigarette thoughtfully before speaking, as if he was still uncertain about what he should say. (Caldwell) 19. How she would reach the villa, and what she would find there when she arrived, she had not even dared to imagine. (Lawrence) 20. I paused while she took off her coat... (Murdoch)

 

Stylistics

 

I) The layers of English language

 

a) Literary words

 

Exercises

 

1. State the type and the functions of archaisms.

 

1. I was surprised to see Heathcliff there also. He stood by the fire, his back towards me, just finishing a stormy scene to poor Zillah, who ever and anon.interrupted her labour to pluck up the corner of her apron, and heave an indignant groan..."Thou art the Man!" cried Jabes, after a solemn pause, leaning over his cushion. "Seventy times seven times didst thou gapingly contort thy visage—seventy times seven did I take council with my soul—Lo! this is human weakness: this also may be absolved! The first of the seventy-first is come. Brethren—execute upon him the judgement written. Such honour have all His saints!" (E. Br.) 2. Anon she murmured, "Guido"—and bewhiles a deep sigh гent her breast... She was begirt with a flowing kirtle of deep blue, bebound with a belt, bebuckled with a silvern clasp, while about her waist a stomacher of point lace end­ed in a ruffled farthingale at her throat. On her head she bore a sugar-loaf hat shaped like an extinguisher and pointing backward at an angle of 45 degrees."Guido." she murmured, "Guido." And erstwhile she would wring her hands as one dist­raught and mutter, "He cometh not." (L.)

3. "Odd Bodikins!" he roared, "but the tale is as rare as it is hew! and so the waggoner said to the Pilgrim that sith he had asked him to pull him off the wagon at that town, put him off he must, albeit it was but the small of the night by St Pancras! whence hath the fellow so novel a tale?—nay, tell it me but once more, haply I may remember it"—and the Baron fell back in a perfect paroxysm of merriment. (L.) 4. He kept looking at the fantastic green of the jungle and then at the orange-brown earth, febrile and pulsing
as though the rain were cutting wounds into it Ridges flinched before the power of it. The Lord giveth and He taketh away, Ridges thought solemnly. (N. M.) 5. If manners maketh man, then manner and grooming maketh poodle. (St.)6. Anthony... clapped him affectionately on the back. "You're a real knight-errant, Jimmy," he said. (Ch.) 7. "He of the iron garment," said Daigety, entering, "is bounden unto you, MacEagh, and this noble lord shall be bounden also." (W. Sc.)8. "He had at his back a satchel, which seemed to con­tain a few necessaries, a hawking gauntlet on his left hand, though he.carried no bird, and in his right hand a stout hunter's pole." (W. Sc.)

 

 

2. Give the English equivalents, state the origin and sty­listic purpose of barbarisms and foreign words. Pay attention to their interrelation with the context.

 

1. She caught herself criticizing his belief that, since his joke about trying to keep her out of the poorhouse had once been accepted as admirable humor, it should continue to be his daily bon mot. (S. L.)

2. Nevertheless, despite her experience, she hadn't yet reached the stage of thinking all men beastly; though she could readily sympathize with the state of mind of any woman driven to utter that particular cride coeur. (St. B.)3. Then, of course, there ought to be one or two out­siders—just to give the thing a bona fide appearance. I and Eileen could see to that—young people, uncritical, and with no idea of politics. (Ch.)4. "Tyree, you got half of the profits!" Dr. Bruce shouted. "You're my de facto partner." "What that de facto mean, Doc?.." "Papa, it means vou a partner in fact and in law," Fishbelly told him. "(Wr.) 5.Yates remained serious. "We have time, Herr Zippmann, to try your schnapps. Are there any German troops in Neustadt?"