Please answer the following questions about yourself and your current weather knowledge. Circle the response that best describes your answer.

Gender: FEMALE MALE

 

1. What part of the country/ world are you from?

 

2. Excluding your present location, where have you lived?

 

3. Have you ever studied weather in high school or college? YES NO

 

4. Briefly describe the most memorable weather event that you've been through.

 

 

5. How often do you watch the weather report on the nightly news?

Once 3times 5 or more

a week a week times a week

6. How much time do you spend doing outside activities per week?

 

7. Have you ever had an event, such as a picnic or parade, canceled due to the weather?

 

YES NO

 

8. Briefly describe the difference between low and high pressure system.

 

9. Have you ever used an old adages or maybe an ache or pain to predict what weather was going to happen? YES NO

 

10. To what degree do you feel the weather affects your daily life?

Very little Moderately Very much so

 

11. How many pieces of information do you think a weather forecaster uses on a daily basis?

5 or less 10-15 20 or more

 

12. How do you feel about meteorologists?

 

 

13. Please name or draw some weather symbols you've seen.

 

Thank you very much for your time and the information you have provided. Please return this questionnaire to Olga Zlobina.

 

 

Audience Identification is also important.

One of the most useful strategies for adapting your topic and message to your audience is to use the process of identification. What do you and your audience has in common? And conversely, how are you different? What ideas or examples in your speech can your audience identify with?

 

It is essential to select a topic that you know well, that you feel comfortable with, or that you have a strong interest in. Once that step is completed, you need to consider the audience as you develop and shape your topic. It is essential to present your message (speech) from the audience's point of view.

 

For example, a nursing major in a public speaking class wanted to give a demonstration speech on the proper way to insert an IV (intravenous needle). Since her audience was a more general audience (a mixture of majors) rather than a specialized audience (nursing students), they had little potential use for the information presented from the point of view of the "nurse." So the student used her expertise and knowledge to shift the point of view to the audience. She changed her message from how to insert an IV to how to relax while receiving an IV; therefore, she made the same message more useful to her audience. Her intention was to help them feel less fearful or apprehensive about an IV.

 

Consider the following 10 questions when adapting your topics and messages to a particular audience:

 

What do you and your audience has in common?

 

How are you and your audience different?

 

What ideas or examples in your speech might your audience identify with?

 

How can your topic or the information benefit your audience?

 

How can your audience use the information?

 

How will the information help your audience?

 

What is your audience's amount of interest in or attitude toward your topic?

 

How will you address or compensate for your audience's amount of interest in or attitude toward your topic?

 

What does your audience know about your topic?

 

What might they want to know or need to know about your topic?

 

Using Connectives

INSTRUCTIONS

First, Read about each of the types of connectives listed below, then Place connectives in the appropriate places in your outlines.

 

Connectives are words or phrases that join the thoughts of a speech together and indicate the relationship between them. Connectives are essential to help the audience focus on main ideas without having them guess which ideas the speaker thinks are important. The audience is able to tune into what points the speaker has talked about and what point the speaker is presently talking about. When a speaker uses connectives properly the speech will flow smoothly and make complex ideas understandable. Each speech should contain the following four connectives: transitions, internal previews, internal summaries, and signposts.

 

 

TRANSITIONS:

Transitions are used to indicate movement from a completed thought to a new thought. Transitions indicate what idea is being left and what idea is coming up. The following examples indicate the use of this connective.

 

In addition to being a problem nationwide, suicide is also a problem on our campus.

 

So much for the problem; what about the solution?

 

Now that you have seen what a serious problem illiteracy is, you may be asking yourself-

“How can I help?”

 

Since we know a little more about what memory is, let us turn to the relationship between the human brain and the process of memory.

 

INTERNAL PREVIEWS:

Internal previews direct the audience to what areas will be covered next. Internal previews generally appear once the speaker has finished a transition and after a new main point. The speaker simply previews the subpoints which make up the point being addressed. The following examples show how internal previews key the audience into the areas to be discussed.

 

We can help solve the problem by knowing how to identify the symptoms and knowing whom to contact for help

Puzzles can be used for entertainment, as an indication of intelligence, and to help us develop better problem-solving techniques.

 

INTERNAL SUMMARIES:

Internal summaries are the flip side of internal previews. Rather than indicating what subpoints are to follow in the speech, internal summaries remind the listeners what subpoints have been discussed. Internal summaries are excellent ways to reinforce and clarify ideas which are essential for the audience to remember. The following are examples of internal summaries.

 

Therefore, anyone can help solve the problem by knowing how to identify the symptoms, and knowing whom to contact about helping them.

I hope I’ve made it clear that needed information is slipping right by us because the news doesn’t arouse our attention, it comes at us in unorganized segments, and the bits and pieces don’t allow the development of a schemata.

 

 

SIGNPOSTS:

Signposts are short statements which tell the audience where the speaker is in the speech. Often times signposts are numbers of words which suggest that what the speaker is about to say is important. The following are examples of signposts.

 

Let’s first take a look at the nature of the problem.

 

The third warning sign is giving away one’s possessions.

 

And first, the most important thing to remember is child custody battle injure the children.

 

To begin with, we must examine the engine of the car.

 

COMBINATION OF CONNECTIVES:

Connectives, when combined effectively, allow a speech to flow smoothly through each idea. The following is an example:

 

(Internal Summary: I hope I have made it clear that Kahiko is used as a system of passing on history and knowledge about the Gods, Goddesses, Kings and Queens. Kahiko can be easily identified by unsmiling faces, and stiff motions of the dancers.)

 

 

(Transition: Since we now know a little about ancient hula, let us turn to the modern hula.)

 

 

II. (Main Point 2) The second major form of hula in Hawaii is the modern hula or 'Auana.

(Internal Preview: 'Auana is used for entertainment; it narrates love stories, and is distinguishable from kahiko.)