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Human resource management

Human resource management (HRM, or simply HR) is a function in organizations designed to maximize employee performance in service of an employer's strategic objectives. HR is primarily concerned with the management of people within organizations, focusing on policies and on systems. HR departments and units in organizations typically undertake a number of activities, including employee benefits design employee recruitment, "training and development", performance appraisal, and rewarding (e.g., managing pay and benefit systems). HR also concerns itself with industrial relations, that is, the balancing of organizational practices with requirements arising from collective bargaining and from governmental laws.

HR is a product of the human relations movement of the early 20th century, when researchers began documenting ways of creating business value through the strategic management of the workforce. The function was initially dominated by transactional work, such as payroll and benefits administration, but due to globalization, company consolidation, technological advances, and further research, HR as of 2015 focuses on strategic initiatives like mergers and acquisitions, talent management, succession planning, industrial and labor relations, and diversity and inclusion.

In startup companies, trained professionals may perform HR duties. In larger companies, an entire functional group is typically dedicated to the discipline, with staff specializing in various HR tasks and functional leadership engaging in strategic decision-making across the business. To train practitioners for the profession, institutions of higher education, professional associations, and companies themselves have established programs of study dedicated explicitly to the duties of the function. Academic and practitioner organizations likewise seek to engage and further the field of HR, as evidenced by several field-specific publications. HR is also a field of research study that is popular within the fields of management and industrial/organizational psychology, with research articles appearing in a number of academic journals, including those mentioned later in this article.

In the current global work environment, most companies focus on lowering employee turnover and on retaining the talent and knowledge held by their workforce. New hiring not only entails a high cost but also increases the risk of a newcomer not being able to replace the person who worked in a position before. HR departments strive to offer benefits that will appeal to workers, thus reducing the risk of losing corporate knowledge.

6. Ответьте на вопросы по содержанию текста.

1. What is HR concerned with? 2. What activities do HR-departments perform? 3. What was HR management function initially dominated by. 4. What does modern HR management focus on? 5. Who performs HR duties in startup companies? 6. What does HR management as a field of research study?

 

ВАРИАНТ 5

1.Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление времён группы Indefinite (Present, Past, Future) в действительном залоге. Выпишите сказуемые и укажите их видо-временные формы.

1. They missed the last commuter train because of the traffic jam. 2. The mechanic is busy now but he promised to examine the engine of your car. 3. If we drive at such a speed all the time, we shall arrive at the village before the dark. 4. A dispatcher controls the movement of trains over a definite section of track. 5. Moscow is a major transport junction. Over 300 longdistance and 2000 suburban trains depart from 10 Moscow terminals daily

 

2. Перепишите и переведите предложения, поставив глагол в нужную форму.

1. Before 1947 the British Railways (to own – Past Indefinite Passive) by four private companies. 2. It (to take – Present Indefinite Active) only 35 minutes to travel by train from Britain to France. 3. The windows of his car (to make – Present Indefinite Passive) of unbreakable glass. 4. In London we (to transfer – Future Indefinite Active) from the train to a bus. 5. The police officer (to stop – Past Indefinite Active) the traffic so that the ambulance could pass.