Составьте словарь профессиональных терминов (15 слов и выражений)

 

Вариант 2

1.В каком из следующих слов звук, передаваемый буквой «s», отличается от остальных?

a) six, 2) miss, 3) bus, 4) house, 5) seem, 6) busy.

2. Выберите правильную форму глагола «to be»:

1) My car…at the entrance.

a) was

b) were

c) will be

2) We…watching TV at that time yesterday.

a) was

b) were

c) will be

3. Выберите правильный предлог:

1) I was looking…the gloves everywhere, but couldn’t find them.

a) out

b) at

c) for

d) after

2) You must put…your coat, it’s cold outside.

a) out

b) at

c) on

d) off

4. Какое из утверждений является верным?

1) a) English is impossible to learn.

b) English is the most difficult language in the world.

c) English is the most popular foreign language in our country.

2) a) After Friday comes Monday.

b) The sun rises in the West.

c) The 1^st of April is “All Fools’ Day” in Britain.

5. Выберите правильный артикль:

1) On…Monday we open at 9 o’clock.

a) a

b) the

c) -

2) …English are reserved.

a) a

b) the

c) -

3) It was…cold day.

a) a

b) the

c) -

6. Выберите правильный модальный глагол:

1) The weather…change tomorrow.

a) may

b) must

c) should

2) The water is cold, you…swim.

a) can

b) can’t

c) must

3) I…to cover the whole distance on foot.

a) can

b) have

c) must

7.Подберите слово, близкое по значению к подчеркнутому:

1) We do English at school.

a) work

b) learn

c) teach

d) know

 

2) She spoke to her English teacher after classes.

a) talked

b) said

c) told

d) discussed

8. Выберите правильное местоимение:

1) She wanted to tell me...interesting.

a) somebody

b) something

c) some

d) somewhere

 

2) I think we have met her….

a) somebody

b) something

c) some

d) somewhere

 

9.Укажите правильные варианты перевода:

1) The flowers are in the vase.

a) Цветы в вазе.

b) В вазе цветы.

2) There is no telephone in the room.

a) Телефона нет в комнате.

b) В комнате нет телефона.

Переставьте буквы в таком порядке, чтобы получились слова.

1) s o l o c h

2) r e a c h e t

11. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст:

FOUNDATIONS

 

Why does the Leaning Tower of Pisa lean? The answer is that its foundations were not soundly laid. From earliest times, architects and engineers have been aware of the problems involved in laying а building's foundations; but they have not always realized to what extent the earth can be pressed down by the; weight of а building. Too little allowance has sometimes been made for the possibility of а heavy structure's sinking unevenly.

If the earth is stable, laying the foundations of small buildings possess few problems. But in а tall modern structure the load may be very heavy indeed; and the foundation engineer has an extremely important job to do. To begin with, he must have а thorough understanding of soil mechanics, which entails а scientific study of the ground to see what load it can bear without dangerous movement.

Trial pits are dug, or holes are bored, in order to collect undisturbed samples of earth from various depths. By examining these, the engineer can forecast the probable shifts in the earth during and after building, according to the sort of foundation he designs. Thus he comes to the most important decision of all in the building's construction: He decides whether the earth is of the type that can best support each column on а separate solid block, or whether he must aim at lightness and, as it were, "float" the building on. hollow foundations.

If firm ground has been found only at great depth, the foundation engineer may use piles. These are solid shafts made either by driving reinforced, precast concrete deep into the ground, or by boring holes in the earth and pouring in the concrete. Each pile supports its load in one, or both, of two ways. It may serve as а column with its foot driven into solid earth or rock or it may stand firm because friction along its sides "grips" the column and prevents it from sinking.

But when it is а question of floating а building, the foundations take the form of а vast, hollow concrete box. This box is divided into chambers that will house heating and ventilating plants as well as provide garage and storage space for the building.

Luckiest of all are those foundation engineers whose buildings stand on hard rock like granite or ironstone. For them neither piles nor flotation need be used.

 

Ответьте на вопросы к тексту:

Why does the Leaning Tower of Pisa lean?

What must the foundation engineer do before laying the foundations?

Is it difficult to be a foundation engineer and why?

What does each pile support? And how??

Describe the hollow concrete box.