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Желания и намерения выражаются многофункциональными глаголами will и would, употребляемые с 1-м лицом ед. и мн. числом в конструкции с несовершённым инфинитивом. Обычно с первым лицом употребляется shall, а употребление will придаёт оттенок решимости и желания. В таких случаях модальный глагол will не сокращается до 'll и является ударным в предложении; на русский язык или не переводится совсем или переводится как "хотеть", "непременно" и т.п. Will и would в отрицательной форме употребляются с одушевлёнными существительными для выражения отказа и нежелания, а с неодушевлёнными указывают на нефункционирование, сопротивление или противодействие:
Модальный глагол need выражает необходимость и употребляется только в вопросах и отрицаниях. Аналогичная ситуация наблюдается в случае с глаглом dare, который имеет переводы: "сметь", "посметь", "отваживаться", "дерзать" и т.п. Dare так же может употребляться как смысловой и как модальный глагол, но на деле употребляется в основном в качестве модального (в отличие от need). Dare в качестве модального глагола используется только в вопросительных и отрицательных предложениях.
Изучив теоретический материал, выполните грамматические упражнения. При возникновении трудностей, получите разъяснение по непонятному материалу, у одногруппников или преподавателя. Write sentences about yourself using the ideas in brackets. 1. (something you used to be able to do) I used to be able to sing well. 2. (something you used to be able to do) I used --- 3. (something you would like to be able to do) I'd --- 4. (something you have never been able to do) I've ---
2. Complete the sentences with can/can't/could/couldn't + one of these verbs: come cat hear run sleep wait 1. I'm afraid I _can't come_ to your party next week. 2. When Tim was 16, he was a fast runner. He --- 100 meters in 11 seconds. 3. Are you in a hurry?' 'No, I've got plenty of time. I ---.' 4. I was feeling sick yesterday. I --- anything. 5. Can you speak up a bit? I --- you very well. 6. 'You look tired.' 'Yes, I --- last night,'
Complete the answers to the questions with was/were able to. 1 A: Did everybody escape from the fire? B: Yes. Although the fire spread quickly, everybody _was able to escape._ 2 A: Did you have difficulty finding Ann's house? B: Not really. Ann had given us good directions and we --- 3. A: Did you finish your work this afternoon? B: Yes. There was nobody to disturb me, so --- 4. A: Did the thief get away? B: Yes. No one realised what was happening and the thief ---
Complete the sentences using could, couldn't or was/were able to.
1. My grandfather was a very clever man. He _could_ speak five languages. 2. I looked everywhere for the book but I _couldn't_ find it. 3. They didn't want to come with us at first but we _were able to_ persuade them. 4. Laura had hurt her leg and --- walk very well. 5. Sue wasn't at home when I phoned but I --- contact her at her office. 6. I looked very carefully and I --- see a figure in the distance. 7. I wanted to buy some tomatoes. The first shop I went to didn't have any but I --- get some in the next shop. 8. My grandmother loved music. She --- play the piano very well. 9. A girl fell into the river but fortunately we --- rescue her. 10. I had forgotten to bring my camera so I --- take any photographs.
Работа с языковым материалом. Прежде чем приступить, к работе над темой необходимо ознакомиться и выучить новый лексический материал. To wake up- просыпаться to get up — вставать, подниматься to have a lot of work to do — иметь много дел Прежде чем подготовить сообщение о своем рабочем дне, ответьте на следующие вопросы: 1. When do you usually get up on your working day? 2. Which of the activities do you do in the morning? 3. What do you have for breakfast? 4. How much time does it take you to get to the college? 5. When do your classes begin? 6. Where do you have lunch? 7. What do you usually have for lunch? 8. Do you go in for sports? 9. What do you usually do in the evening? 10. When do you go to bed?
Прочитайте и переведите следующие тексты. Подготовьте сообщение о своем рабочем дне. Используйте эти тексты в качестве образцов. My Week-day
I never wake up myself, my mother always wakes me up. Sometimes I do my morning exercises, then I rush to the bathroom. I clean my teeth, wash my face. The cold water makes me feel not so sleepy. Then I go back to my room, make the bed. I switch on my radio, usually I listen to radio. I put on my clothes, comb my hair, put a little make-ups. By that time my breakfast is ready (my mother cooks it for me). At a quarter to eight I grab my bag and rush to my school. My school starts at 8 o'clock and I don't like to be late. Usually I have six or seven lessons a day, it lasts till 3 o'clock. After each lesson there is a break, so I can talk to my friends or eat my sandwich. When school is over I go home. First of all I need to walk my dog. Then I have my dinner and a little rest. The teachers give us a lot of homework, so I start doing it about 16.30 or 17.00. As a rule it takes me two or three hours to do my home assignments. My parents get home about six o'clock. We watch soapopera on TV, have supper together. We share all the news, I tell about the lessons and school. After it, I help my mother to do some work about the house — wash dishes, sweep the floor, clean the room. Twice a week in evenings I go play tennis. When I do not go to play tennis, I stay home and watch TV, listen to the music, read magazines. Sometimes my friends call me and we go for a walk. At eleven o'clock tired after a long working day I go to bed and fall asleep. My working day I'd like to describe you my working day. All the days looked very much the same. As a matter of fact, I am not an early-riser. I hate getting up early, but I got used to it. On weekdays I usually get up at 7. Г do my morning exercises. Then I wash my face and hands and clean my teeth. I don't take a shower in the morning. I usually prefer doing it after coming from school. At half past seven I am ready to have my breakfast. I like to have a light breakfast which consists of a cup of coffee or tea and some cheese or sausage sandwiches. After breakfast I leave for school. My school is not far from my house. Usually I walk there. It takes me 10 minutes to get to school. Lessons begin at 8:30 a. m. and finish at about 3 p. m. Six or seven lessons a day is the ordinary timetable. I seldom have lunch in the school canteen. I usually take a packed lunch with me. Twice a week I stay at school after classes to play basketball. When I come home my parents are out, they work till 6 o'clock p. m. and my Granny doesn't live with us. That's why I take my dinner from the fridge and warm it up myself. While having dinner I usually like to listen to the music. After dinner 1 rest a little. Sometimes I read a book or watch TV for about half an hour or talk to my friends over telephone. After that I start doing my home assignments. It takes me about four or five hours to cope with my homework properly. And besides I work hard at those subjects in which I should take my entrance exams. Twice a week I go to have private lessons in Maths in order to improve my knowledge. As a rule, I finish doing my homework at about 9 o'clock. But one day a week is not so busy. This is Thursday. On Thursday we have six lessons and I have no private lessons. So I am free about 2 o'clock. And after dinner I usually help my mother.
Sometimes I do shopping or pick up clothes at the cleaners or do the ironing. I usually have supper at 7 o'clock p. m. My parents are at home at this time. We gather in the kitchen and while having supper we share the day news and plan our next day. Then I go on with my work. At 10 I go to bed. Тема «Мой свободный день» После изучения данной темы вы должны Знать: слова, выражения по теме. Уметь: рассказать о своем свободном дне, задать вопросы своему собеседнику о его досуге. Грамматика: знать образование и употребление прошедшего простого и прошедшего длительного времен. ТЕМА My day off.
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