VI. Прочтите, перепишите и переведите.

COMPUTER

A computer is a counting machine. It can do arithmetic problems faster than any person. Computers find the answer to a very difficult problem in a few seconds. There are two kinds of computers. They are general–purpose computers and special-purpose computers. A special-purpose computer can do only one job. And a general-purpose computer does many different jobs.

The most important parts of the general-purpose computer are as follows: 1) memory, it keeps information; 2) an arithmetic unit that performs calculations; 3) a control unit, it checks the correct order of operations; 4) input devices; 5) output devices, they display the results of calculations. The input and output devices are called peripherals.

The most common input device is a keyboard. It looks very much like a typewriter. The mouse is a hand held device that connects to the computer with the help of small cable. There are several devices that are output hardware. They are monitor, printer and modem.

 

VII. Ответьте на вопрос: What are input devices?

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ №1 (Вариант 4) (“АBТ”)

I. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием -s; и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно:

а) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа в Present Indefinite;

б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного;

в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Mathematics has different branches.

2. The design of a new device requires lots of calculations.

3. This computer engineer's work includes creation and further development of computer hardware and software.

 

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именами существительными.

1. Storage hardware stores computer instructions.

2. The quality of man-made products differs greatly.

3. The design of the CPU (Central Processing Unit) affects the processing power and the computer speed.

 

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их на русский язык.

1. Any antiviral system makes the computer operation safer.

2. The less you know about the program installation, the worse you can install it.

3. The highest output of our factory is the lowest in theirs.

 

IV. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений.

1. Any problem consists of some steps that computer solves one by one.

2. The engineer told them about some new software.

3. There is no more reliable counting machine.

 

V. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видо-временные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. These minicomputers had their advantages and disadvantages.

2. There will be some new antiviral programs.

3. No automation system prevents from the machine failure.

VI. Прочтите, перепишите и переведите.

used to - привыкли

COMPUTER

We used to think of a computer as a large machine that took up the whole room. But today computers become smaller and smaller. There are several advantages in making computers as small as one can. Sometimes weight is particularly important. A modern plane carries many heavy electronic apparatus. If it is possible to make any of them smaller, it can carry a bigger weight. But weight is not the only factor. The smaller computer, the faster it can work. The signals go to and for at a very high but almost constant speed.

Some of the first computers cost millions of dollars, but people quickly learned that it was cheaper to let a million dollar computer make the necessary calculations than to have a hundreds clerks doing the same by hand. Scientists found that computer made fewer mistakes and could fulfil the tasks much faster than any number of people.

The computers became popular. As the popularity grew the number of computer factories also grew.

VII. Ответьте на вопрос: What is the main advantage of any computer?

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ №1 (Вариант 5) (“АBТ”)

I. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием -s; и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно:

а) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа в Present Indefinite;

б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного;

в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

Переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

1. This manufacturer produces input and output hardware.

2. The means of virus check can be different.

3. The introduction of new software requires engineers' hard work.

 

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именами существительными.

1. They introduce new multi-functional organizer.

2. The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the brain of the computer.

3. Computer control at the plant decreases the failure number.

 

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их на русский язык.

1. The modern process of information is more complicated.

2. The smaller the computer, the faster it works.

3. The use of computer at the plants is one of the most important industrial introductions.

 

IV. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений.

1. He replaces some parts of this hardware.

2. Any software installation requires some time.

3. There were no changes in computer operation.

V. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видо-временные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. This minicomputer has its advantages and disadvantages.

2. There will be some new antiviral programs.

3. No automation system prevents from the machine failure

VI. Прочтите, перепишите и переведите.

Volatile - временный

COMPUTER

Computer is an electronic device that can receive a program (a set of instructions) and then carry out this program. The most important parts of the computer are as follows: 1) memory, it keeps information; 2) an arithmetic unit that performs calculations; 3) a control unit, it checks the correct order of operations; 4) input devices; 5) output devices, they display the results of calculations. The input and output devices are called peripherals.

Memory is the system of the component of the computer in which it stores information. There are two types of computer memory: RAM and ROM.

RAM (random access memory) is the volatile computer memory. Computer uses it for creation, load and run programs and for manipulations and storage of the data.

ROM (read only memory) is non-volatile and unchangeable computer memory. Computer uses it to hold programmed instructions to the system.

The more memory you have in your computer, the more operations you can perform.

VII. Ответьте на вопрос: Why is so important to have as much computer memory as possible?

Тексты

TEXT № 1. COMPUTER

TASK: Read and translate this text. Find in the text the words from vocabulary and give the synonyms. Learn the vocabulary by heart.

Computer, machine that performs tasks, such as mathematical calculations or electronic communication, under the control of a set of instructions called a program. Programs usually reside within the computer and are retrieved and processed by the computer's electronics, and the program results are stored or routed to output devices, such as video display monitors or printers. Computers are used to perform a wide variety of activities with reliability, accuracy, and speed. (475)

 

Vocabulary:

to perform - выполнять

calculation – подсчет

to reside – находиться

to retrieve – извлекать

to process – обрабатывать

to store – хранить

to route – отправлять

output device – устройство вывода

reliability – надежность, достоверность

accuracy–точность