GRAMMAR: The Infinitive Constructions

Uses of the Infinitive

1. The Infinitive may be used alone: We began to walk down the road.

2. The Infinitive may be the subject of a sentence.

3. The Infinitive may be the complement of a verb: His plan is to keep the affair secret.

4. The Infinitive may be the object or part of the object of a verb: He wants to pay or He wants me to pay.

5. The Infinitive can be used after certain adjectives: angry, glad, happy, sorry, fortunate, likely, lucky.

6. The Infinitive can be used with too/ enough.

Ex. 7. Translate into your language.

1. The first question to be considered is whether the offer of the sellers should be accepted. 2. A committee headed by B. began to work out a resolution to be presented to the conference. 3. The plan of our work will be discussed at the meeting to be held on may 25. 4. The buyers agreed to accept the goods at a price to be fixed by arbitration. 5. We stopped to have a smoke. 6. Please send us your instructions at once to enable us to ship the machines by the 20^th May.

Ex. 8. Insert to where necessary.

1. I like … play the piano. 2. My brother can … write poems. 3. We had … put on our overcoats because it was cold. 4. They wanted … cross the river. 5. It is time for you … go to bed. 6. Let me... help you with your homework. 7. I was planning … do a lot of things yesterday. 8. I think I shall be able... solve this problem. 9. What makes you … think you are right? 10. Do you like … listen to music?

Ex. 9. Replace the group of words in italics by an Infinitive or an Infinitive constructions.

It is important that he should understand this.

It is important to him to understand this.

 

1. The captain was the last man who left the ship. 2. Would you be very kind and lend me your umbrella? 3. There are a lot of sheets that need mending. 4. It is better that he should hear it from you. 5. If he had another child with whom he could play he would be happier. 6. He put his hand into his pocket and was astonished when he found that his wallet wasn’t there. 7. I can’t go to the party; I have nothing that I can wear. 8. Haven’t you anything with which you could open it? 9. The strikers decided that the strike should continue. 10. He took out his spare wheel and was very disappointed when he discovered that that tyre was also punctured.

Ex. 10. Fill in the right form of the verb given. Use verb+ing or to+infinitive.

Example: I want (go) ___ to the cinema tonight.

Ex.11. Fill the gaps with s preposition and an – ing form.

about like without by with of at for

Having making buying asking remembering

Being stung arriving going doing coming

 

a) I got into trouble ____________ at school late. b) You can lose weight ______________ exercise. c) How _____________ out for a meal tonight? d) How dare you take my money ____________ me? e) This machine is used ____________ pasta. f) I'm hopeless ____________ people's names. g) I’m thinking ______________ a new car. A Renault, maybe. h) Thank you __________ to see me. i) Yuk! Monday morning! I don't feel ________________ to work!

 

Задания на СРО:

Do the §182 ex.1 and §183 ex.1 on p. 520 (К.Н. Качалова «Практическая грамматика английского языка», Москва 1998 г.)

Unit 3

Theme: High Energy Automatic Systems Engineering

Grammar: The Complex Object

Objectives: By the end of this unit, students should be able to use active vocabulary of this theme in different forms of speech exercises.

Students should be better at discussing mass media.

Students should know the rule of the complex object: the Infinitive and fulfill grammar exercises.

 

Methodical instructions: This theme must be worked out during two lessons a week according to timetable.

Lexical material: Introduce and fix new vocabulary on theme “High energy automatic systems engineering”.

Define the basic styles in rocket engineering and its role in our country. Discuss in groups “High energy automatic systems engineering”.

in democratic society’. Observe the last world news. Speak about the rights of journalists.

Grammar: Introduce and practice the complex object. Revise the use of modal verbs.

 

 

High Energy Automatic Systems Engineering

To start with I'd like to introduce myself to you. My name is... I was born in Biysk in...
I don’t think my childhood and school years differ much from those of other people. At the age of 7 I went to school. At school I was interested in Physics, Maths and Chemistry. Finishing school means the beginning of a serious examination of our knowledge, abilities and character. It is the time when you face the problem of making up your mind and choosing one of the hundreds of jobs. Now I'm... years old. I finished school in 20 … and entered the Institute.
I took three entrance examinations:.... Now I'm a second year student of Biysk Technological Institute of the Altai Technical University. I study at the Mechanical Engineering Faculty.

Engineers in this field design, test, build and operate machinery of all types. Some mechanical engineers specialize in particular types of machines. A mechanical engineer designs not only the machines that make products but the products themselves and must design for both economy and efficiency.

You probably know that our Institute possesses a high-level technical basis that meets all modern requirements. Studying at the Institute is a long, slow process that takes a lot of time and patience. But students are trying to do their best and every year a great number of new specialists in different fields graduate from this higher educational institution and get an opportunity to work according to their speciality.

As far as you know the Institute provides three forms of education. As to me I study at the day-time department. A person, who studies and works simultaneously or has some other occupation, can choose evening or extra-mural courses.

You should know that the Chair of «High Energy Automatic Systems Engineering» is in charge of training students in this specialty. Highly qualified instructors and lecturers, the majority of which enjoy academic degrees and ranks, are engaged there. Besides, the chair is supplied with modern equipment and computer facilities.

My speciality is a mechanical engineer in the sphere of design and exploitation of automatic rotor and rotor-conveyor lines.

Automatic rotor lines are a new type of machines, which has productivity much higher than traditional manufacturing equipment-cutting machines and stamping presses. The application of ARL allows to automate the technological processes of molded plastic products production by stamping, drawing, squeezing, extrusion, forging. It is also possible to use them in food industry.

As you know at the Institute we study various general and special subjects: Mathematics, the Strength of Materials, Physics, English, Philosophy, Informatics, Physical Training and others.

My aim is to get education, successfully defend diploma and work according to my speciality if possible. Of course, while choosing a job many factors should be taken into consideration: wages and salaries, job-satisfaction, opportunities to travel a lot and to see much, etc.

Mechanical engineers have a wide range of job opportunities, as they are vital to the running of plants. They may be employed in industries such as food, steel, chemicals and heavy and light engineering. Mechanical engineers’ jobs are demanding and exciting. Mechanical engineers are at the core of production: they manage a plant and equipment, they manage people.

I hope this information was interesting to you. Thank you for your time and attention.

 

The Complex Object consists on a noun in the common case or pronoun in the objective case and the Infinitive.

Grammar

Object+ Predicate+ noun(pronoun)+ Infinitive

I want mother to help me.

They expect the steamer to leave tonignt.

The Complex Object is used after the verbs:

• of mental activity: to know, to think, to consider, to believe, to find, to expect.
• of declaring: to pronounce, to declare, to report, to teach.
• denoting wish and attention: to want, to wish,to desire, to intend.
• Denoting feeling and emotion: to like, to dislike, to hate.
• Denoting order and permission: to allow, to suffer, to ask (for), to command, to forbid.
• Denoting sense perception: to hear, to see, to watch, to feel etc.