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The System of English Consonant and Vowel Phonemes↑ ⇐ ПредыдущаяСтр 2 из 2 Содержание книги
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IV: {{096}} Q: The sentence can be completed using your knowledge of theory of the subject. S: According to the place of articulation the English consonants are classed into: labial, lingual and ###. IV: {{097}} S: Labial consonants are subdivided into bilabial and ###. IV: {{098}} S: Sonorants are subdivided into occlusive and ###. IV: {{099}} Q: The correct answer for the following is: S: A complete loss of sounds is called … -: elision -: reduction -: assimilation -: accommodation IV: {{100}} S: The adaptive modification of a consonant by a neighbouring consonant in the speech chain is called … -: elision -: assimilation -: reduction -: accommodation IV: {{101}} S: The interchanges of “V+C type” or “C+V type” are called … -: elision -: accommodation -: reduction -: assimilation IV: {{102}} S: Weakening of vowels in unstressed positions is called … -: elision -: reduction -: assimilation -: accommodation IV: {{103}} S: A minimum vowel system of a language is likely to take the form of … -: conus -: triangle -: a quadrate -: square IV: {{104}} Q: The sentence can be completed using your knowledge of theory of the subject. S: According to stability of articulation the English vowels are subdivided into: monophthongs, diphthongs and ###. IV: {{105}} Q: Statements can be made up through matching their parts from the columns. L1: There are … diphthongs in the English language. R1:8 L2: There are … vowel sounds in the English language. R2: 12 L3: There are … consonant sounds in the English language. R3:24 R4: 10 R5: 18 IV: {{106}} Q: The correct answer for the following is: S: There are … vowel letters in the English language. -: 6 -: 9 -: 12 -: 20 IV: {{107}} S: There are … consonant letters in the English language. -: 6 -: 9 -: 20 -: 36 IV: {{108}} S: There are … letters in the English language. -: 20 -: 26 -: 31 -: 36 IV: {{109}} Q: The sentence can be completed using your knowledge of theory of the subject. S: According to the place of articulation the English consonants may be put into 3 groups: ###, lingual and glottal. IV: {{110}} S: Modifications of vowels in a speech chain go in two directions: quantitative or/and ###. IV: {{111}} Q: The correct answer for the following is: S: The most frequent sound of English is: -: ∂ -: n -: a -: b IV: {{112}} Q: The sentence can be completed using your knowledge of theory of the subject. S: According to the height of the tongue the vowels are classified into high, mid and ###. IV: {{113}} S: There are ### letters in the Russian language. IV: {{114}} S: Usually the following lip positions are distinguished: spread, rounded and ###. IV: {{115}} S: According to the length diphthongs are divided into short and ###. IV: {{116}} S: There are active and ### organs of speech. IV: {{117}} S: When the tongue is raised towards the hard palate the process is called ###. IV: {{118}} S: Any sound can only exist in time, so it has certain ###. IV: {{119}} S: Duration of a sound is referred to as its ###. IV: {{120}} S: A phonemic transcription is ### than an allophonic. Дидактическая единица 5 Syllabic and Accentual Structure of English Words V: {{121}} Q: The correct answer for the following is: S: Syllable is a … pronounceable unit. -: minimal -: maximum -: lexical -: phonological V: {{122}} S: Syllable can be studied on … levels. -: 3 -: 4 -: 5 -: 6 V: {{123}} Q: The sentence can be completed using your knowledge of theory of the subject. S: Syllable can be studied on acoustic, articulatory, auditory, ### level. V: {{124}} S: Syllable formation in English is based on the phonological opposition vowel - ###. V: {{125}} S: Vowels are usually syllabic but consonants are ###. V: {{126}} Q: The correct answer for the following is: S: The syllabic type vowel + consonant is called … -: open -: closed -: covered -: uncovered V: {{127}} S: The syllabic type consonant + vowel is called … -: open -: closed -: covered -: uncovered V: {{128}} S: The syllabic type CV (C) is called … -: open -: covered -: closed -: uncovered V: {{129}} S: The syllabic type V (C) is called … -: open -: uncovered -: closed -: covered V: {{130}} S: The length of the diphthong is … if it’s closed by a voiceless plosive. -: shorter -: the shortest -: longer -: the longest V: {{131}} S: There cannot be more than … within one syllable. -: one vowel -: two vowels -: three vowels -: four vowels V: {{132}} S: Word final consonants are normally … -: weak -: strong -: short -: long V: {{133}} S: The sonorants [l], [m], [n] are … if they are preceded by noise consonants, e.g. little. -: syllabic -: non-syllabic -: vocalic -: long V: {{134}} S: Prominence in speech is a … term than stress. -: broader -: inner -: narrower -: more linguistic V: {{135}} S: Languages are also differentiated according to the placement of … -: consonants -: word stress -: vowels -: sounds V: {{136}} S: Languages may have a fixed stress and a … stress. -: free -: syllabic -: logical -: phonetic V: {{137}} S: In French the stress falls on the … syllable of the word. -: first -: last -: middle -: initial V: {{138}} S: In Finnish and Czech the stress is fixed on the … syllable. -: first -: last -: final -: middle V: {{139}} S: Borrowed words can retain the … stresses. -: narrow -: original -: free -: broad V: {{140}} S: In languages with a free stress its place isn’t confined to a speech position in the … -: word -: sentence -: phrase -: text V: {{141}} S: The word stress in English is not only free but also … -: fixed -: shifting -: prominent -: main V: {{142}} S: There are actually as many degrees of stress in a word as there are … -: syllables -: consonants -: letters -: diphthongs V: {{143}} S: The primary stress in a word is the … -: free -: strongest -: weakest -: fixed V: {{144}} S: Unstressed syllables are supposed to have … stress. -: weak -: strong -: fixed -: free V: {{145}} S: The stress may be primary and … -: main -: secondary -: weak -: stable V: {{146}} S: A great number of words of Anglo-Saxon origin are … -: long -: monosyllabic -: polysyllabic -: stressed V: {{147}} S: In Russian word stress marks both word-building and … -: phonemes -: word-formation -: allophones -: letters V: {{148}} S: Word stress in English marks only … -: word-building -: word-formation -: allophones -: intonation V: {{149}} S: With the quickening of the speed the vowels are reduced, the secondary stress may be … -: strong -: dropped -: accentuated -: narrow V: {{150}} S: The words which are usually stressed in a phrase are … words. -: notional -: auxiliary -: form -: modal V: {{151}} S: Word stress of English performs … functions. -: 2 -: 3 -: 4 -: 5 V: {{152}} S: Word stress performs the constitutive, identificatory, … function. -: distinctive -: recognitive -: word-building -: phonological V: {{153}} S: Most of compound adjectives have … equal stresses. -: two -: three -: five -: fixed V: {{154}} S: Compound numerals have naturally … equal stresses. -: two -: three -: five -: fixed V: {{155}} S: Isolated consonants do not form … as vocabulary items. -: words -: syllables -: phrases -: sentences V: {{156}} S: According to their accentual weight syllables may be classified as stressed and … -: closed -: unstressed -: open -: covered V: {{157}} S: The oldest among the theories of the syllable is the so-called … theory. -: sonority -: expiratory -: articulatory -: mechanical V: {{158}} S: In syllable division the character of the … of a consonant is more important than that of the beginning. -: end -: middle -: beginning -: root V: {{159}} S: The … character of the vowels determines syllable division. -: sonorant -: free -: final -: lexical V: {{160}} S: A historically short English monophthong under stress is … -: long -: checked -: open -: closed V: {{161}} S: A shifting stress is one which falls on different morphemes in different grammatical forms of a word or in different … from one and the same root. -: derivatives -: syllables -: morphemes -: phonemes V: {{162}} S: Free word stress presupposes complete … -: structure -: unpredictability -: variation -: form V: {{163}} S: In English there are words where accentuation has the … factor. -: rhythmical -: semantic -: lexical -: word-forming V: {{164}} S: Recognitive function consists in the correct accentuation of words, which facilitates their recognition and... -: comprehension -: distinction -: rhythmicality -: structure V: {{165}} S: Secondary stresses in Russian are very … -: not optional -: rare -: often used -: familiar V: {{166}} S: The typical syllabic structure of the English word is … -: closed -: open -: covered -: uncovered V: {{167}} S: The maximum number of syllables in an English word can be … -: 1 -: 8 -: 7 -: 5 V: {{168}} S: The accentual structure of the Russian language is … -: free -: fixed -: restricted -: open V: {{169}} S: The accent of the French words is called … -: restricted -: fixed -: free -: open V: {{170}} S: The accent of the Japanese language is called … -: musical -: dynamic -: open -: closed V: {{171}} S: The accent of the Russian language is called … -: musical -: dynamic -: open -: closed Дидактическая единица 6 Intonation VI: {{172}} Q: The correct answer for the following is: S: In the broad sense intonation is … -: a complex unity of all its components -: speech melody and pitch variations -: the stress which is the strongest compared with the other stresses used in a word -: tempo, rhythm and pausation VI: {{173}} S: The components of intonation are … -: speech melody, word stress, tempo, rhythm and pausation, voice-tamber -: pre-head, head, head -: the Low Fall, the High Fall, the Rise-Fall, the Low Rise, the High Rise, the Fall-Rise -: pre-head, head, tail VI: {{174}} Q: The sentence can be completed using your knowledge of theory of the subject. S: Rhythm is the regular alternation of stressed and ###. VI: {{175}} S: A special voice colouring is called ###. VI: {{176}} Q: The correct answer for the following is: S: The parts of an intonation pattern are pre-head, head, nucleus, … -: end -: tail -: finish -: post-head VI: {{177}} S: The phonemic composition of the words of a sentence may differ from that composition of words when they are used in … -: isolation -: a context -: a text -: a phrase VI: {{178}} S: Isolated words don’t express the speaker’s attitude, feelings and thoughts, they don’t constitute a … -: sentence -: form -: word -: combination VI: {{179}} S: Intonation turns the word or word combination into a … -: action -: sentence -: type -: context VI: {{180}} S: Intonation performs its sentence-constitutive function not only in oral speech, but also in … language. -: written -: English -: French -: foreign VI: {{181}} S: In written texts intonation is represented by … -: grammar -: punctuation -: phonemes -: allophones VI: {{182}} S: Intonation cannot represent all the extremely rich and varied intonations of living … -: being -: speech -: organism -: people VI: {{183}} S: The punctuation marks at the end of the sentence do double duty – delimit sentences, indicate different syntactic types of … -: sentences -: words -: phrases -: units VI: {{184}} S: A full stop signals the writer’s intention to make the sentence … -: declarative -: interrogative -: exclamatory -: complex VI: {{185}} S: The question mark may signal two different patterns of intonation: downward and … -: upward -: inward -: fall-rise -: special VI: {{186}} S: The change of pitch may be a realization of two phonologically opposed sentence tones: falling and … -: rising -: falling-rising -: falling -: rising and falling VI: {{187}} S: An exclamation mark signals that the fall is … -: lower -: wider -: slow -: quick VI: {{188}} S: Some phoneticians define intonation only as variation of … -: pitch -: tempo -: tamber -: pauses VI: {{189}} S: In the narrow sense intonation is speech melody and … -: pitch variations -: tempo -: stress -: pausation VI: {{190}} S: Although the four components of intonation function all together, none of them can be isolated in actual … -: analysis -: speech -: sentence -: pitch VI: {{191}} S: The constitutive, distinctive and … functions – are functions of intonation. -: identificatory -: phonological -: stylistic -: lexical VI: {{192}} S: The constitutive function manifests itself in the delimitative function, both within a sentence and at its … -: end -: middle -: tail -: nucleus VI: {{193}} S: The delimitative function within a sentence consists in delimiting from each other its portions which are known as … -: groups -: intonation-groups -: grammar-groups -: terminal groups VI: {{194}} S: The last stressed syllable of a sense-group or sentence is called … -: nucleus -: tail -: head -: variant VI: {{195}} S: A syllable containing a high fall is … than one with a low fall. -: slower -: longer -: shorter -: quicker VI: {{196}} S: A stressed syllable is usually represented like a dash, an unstressed – like a … -: dot -: curve -: stave -: tone VI: {{197}} S: All nuclear tones may be made … -: emphatic -: slower -: longer -: quicker VI: {{198}} S: The High Normal tones are in most frequent use, and may be considered as the … variety. -: territorial -: basic -: dialectal -: regional VI: {{199}} S: One section of an intonation pattern, formed by unstressed or partially stressed syllable(s) preceding the 1st fully stressed syllable is called the … -: prehead -: head -: nucleus -: tail VI: {{200}} S: One section of an intonation pattern, formed by the 1st fully stressed syllable of the intonation-group is called the … -: prehead -: head -: nucleus -: tail VI: {{201}} S: One section of an intonation-group, formed by the stressed and unstressed syllables lying between the head and the nucleus is called the … -: body -: prehead -: head -: nucleus VI: {{202}} S: When the nuclear syllable is followed by any unstressed or partially stressed syllable(s) it is called the … -: prehead -: tail -: head -: body VI: {{203}} S: The type of tail depends on the … tone used. -: nuclear -: final -: terminal -: level VI: {{204}} S: The terminal tone is a … unit than a nuclear tone. -: broader -: narrower -: closer -: more basic VI: {{205}} S: There are … pitch levels. -: 2 -: 3 -: 4 -: 5 VI: {{206}} S: Pitch range is the interval between … differently-pitched syllables. -: 2 -: 3 -: 4 -: 5 VI: {{207}} S: Pitch ranges may be wide or … -: narrow -: broad -: quick -: slow VI: {{208}} S: Pitch ranges should not be confused with pitch … -: tone -: level -: end -: analysis VI: {{209}} S: The American descriptivists define 4 pitch levels: extra high, high, mid and … -: big -: low -: graphic -: nucleus VI: {{210}} S: Terminal sentence tonemes distinguish the speaker’s emotional attitudes. This is the … function of intonation. -: attitudinal -: distinctive -: functional -: phonological VI: {{211}} S: If there are two or more words in an intonation-group, at least one of them should have sentence … -: stress -: end -: pitch -: group VI: {{212}} S: Sentence-stress may be defined as the special … given to one or more words so as to single them out among the other words in the same intonation group. -: means -: prominence -: device -: way VI: {{213}} S: Sentence accent is … from word accent. -: different -: the same -: lower -: narrower VI: {{214}} S: The distribution of stresses in a sentence is determined primarily by the … factor. -: semantic -: linguistic -: functional -: lexical VI: {{215}} S: Word accentuation is determined by the accentual rules of the … -: language -: speech -: English -: vocabulary VI: {{216}} S: A word or a group of words which conveys the most important point of communication in the sense group is called the … -: head -: communicative centre -: nucleus -: centre VI: {{217}} S: Communicative centre contains … information for the listener. -: new -: known -: old -: modern VI: {{218}} S: The stress on the word expressing the communicative centre is called the … -: nominal stress -: logical stress -: normal stress -: emphatic stress VI: {{219}} S: Different degrees of sentence-stress distinguish emphatic sentences from … ones. -: unemphatic -: complex -: interrogative -: compound VI: {{220}} S: The temporal component of intonation manifests itself in pauses, duration, … -: stress -: rhythm -: speed -: rate VI: {{221}} S: Physical nature of … is yet unknown. -: tamber -: stress -: rhythm -: tempo VI: {{222}} S: There are no languages which are spoken as a … -: quick tone -: monotone -: rapid speech -: variety VI: {{223}} S: Term “prosody” cannot substitute the term … -: intonation -: pitch -: language -: pause VI: {{224}} S: An intonation pattern contains … nucleus. -: one -: two -: three -: five VI: {{225}} S: Terminal tone is formed by the nucleus and … -: the tail -: head -: prehead -: body VI: {{226}} S: There exist several notation systems which represent intonation in … -: listening -: writing -: asking -: mentioning VI: {{227}} S: We can roughly divide the information in a message into given information and … information. -: new -: old -: modern -: old-fashioned VI: {{228}} S: Given information is called … -: the theme -: old -: known -: modern VI: {{229}} S: New information is called … -: the rheme -: acknowledged -: admitted -: accepted VI: {{230}} S: The most powerful phonological unit is the … -: terminal tone -: syntactical tone -: nuclear tone -: initial tone VI: {{231}} S: The number of terminal tones indicates the number of … -: punctuation marks -: intonation groups -: syllables -: words VI: {{232}} S: Rhythm is realized in lexical, syntactical and … means. -: prosodic -: grammatical -: functional -: modern VI: {{233}} S: There are two groups of languages syllable-timed and … -: stress-timed -: mono-timed -: phoneme-timed -: place-timed VI: {{234}} S: Speech rhythm has influence on vowel reduction and … -: accommodation -: elision -: neutralization -: transmission VI: {{235}} S: The more organized, the speech is the more … -: rhythmical -: quick -: slow -: modern VI: {{236}} S: The most striking rhythmicality is observed in … -: poetry -: literature -: articles -: tales VI: {{237}} S: There are numerous stylistic … known in poetry. -: devices -: words -: structures -: groups VI: {{238}} S: Repetition of the same sound at frequent intervals is called … -: alliteration -: assonance -: parallelism -: polysyndeton VI: {{239}} S: Imitation of the sounds of animals is called … -: alliteration -: sound symbolism -: parallelism -: polysyndeton VI: {{240}} S: The unusual word order chosen to emphasize the logical centre of the phrase is called … -: inversion -: assonance -: parallelism -: polysyndeton VI: {{241}} S: A syntactical stylistic device which stimulates rhythmicality of a poem by repetition of the same conjunctions is called … -: inversion -: polysyndeton -: parallelism -: alliteration VI: {{242}} S: A syntactical stylistic device which helps to increase rhythmicality by repetition of grammatical structures is called … -: syntactical parallelism -: repetition -: alliteration -: polysyndeton VI: {{243}} S: A special choice of words to show the increase of feelings, emotions or actions is called … -: intensification -: metaphor -: simile -: personification VI: {{244}} S: A fairy-tale has a specific manner of oral presentation, different from poetry and … -: article -: prose -: text -: newspaper style VI: {{245}} S: The end of a rhythmic unit is marked by a … -: pause -: tempo -: stress -: intensity VI: {{246}} S: Pauses may be long, very long and … -: short -: quick -: simple -: complex VI: {{247}} S: Speech without pauses seems … -: unnatural -: natural -: formal -: informal
Дидактическая единица 7
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