Перевод в косвенную речь различных типов предложений

Прямая речь

Косвенная речь

Present Simple

→

Past Simple

He said, “I want to have a rest.”

He said he wanted to have a rest.

Present Continuous

→

Past Continuous

He said, “I am looking for a job.”

He said he was looking for a job.

Present Perfect

→

Past Perfect

She said, “I have sent you an e-mail.”

She said she had sent me an e-mail.

Present Perfect Continuous

→

Past Perfect Continuous

He said, “I have been waiting for ages.”

He said he had been waiting for ages.

Past Simple

→

Past Perfect

He said, “I graduated in 2012.”

He said he had graduated in 2012.

Past Continuous

→

Past Perfect Continuous

She said, “We were working at 10.”

She said they had been working at 10.

Past Perfect

→

Past Perfect

He said, “I had finished my work by 6.”

He said he had finished his work by 6.

Future Simple

→

Future-in-the-Past

They said, “We will call you soon.”

They said they would call us soon.

can / may / have to

→

could / might / had to

They asked, “Can we help you?”

He asked, “May I come in?”

She said, “I have to leave now.”

They asked if they could help me.

He asked if he might come in.

She said she had to leave then.

 

Обратите внимание, что кроме изменения формы глагола в придаточном предложении, при переходе прямой речи в косвенную происходит следующая замена указательных местоимений и наречий места и времени:

Прямая речь

Косвенная речь

here

there

this

that

these

those

now

then

today

that day

tonight

that night

yesterday

the day before, the previous day

two days ago

two days before, two days earlier

a year ago

a year before, the previous year

last night

the night before, the previous night

tomorrow

the next day, the following day

next week

the next week, the following week

in a month

a month later

Например:

He said, “I bought this present for you.”

→ He said that he had bought that present for me. – Он сказал, что купил этот подарок для меня.

He said, “I saw her two days ago.”

→ He said that he had seen her two days before. – Он сказал, что видел ее за два дня до этого.

She said, “I will come tomorrow.”

→ She said that she would come the next day. – Она сказала, что приедет завтра.