Grammar : Времена группы Perfect .

Мы используем данную группу времени, когда хотим сказать, что уже что-то сделали в прошлом, настоящем или сделаем к какому-то времени в будущем:

 

	Perfect
Present	I have done	Сделал к моменту действия Уже какое-то время делаю (не сейчас, а вообще) Жизненный опыт
Past	I had done	Сделал уже какое-то действие в прошлом раньше, чем другое
Future	I will have done	Уже сделаю в будущем к какому-то времени

 

Построение отрицательных и вопросительных упражнений:

	Отрицание	Вопрос
Present	I haven’t done	Have you done?
Past	I hadn’t done	Had you done?
Future	I won’t have done	Will you have done?

 

Exercise 1. Переведите предложения с русского на английский.

1. Я уже написал письмо.

2. Он уже закончил читать книгу, когда она пришла.

3. Мы сделаем работу завтра к пяти часам.

4. В это время матч был уже завершен.

5. Она приготовила завтрак.

6. Они закончили тестирование, когда прозвенел звонок.

 

Have gone (to) или Have been (to)

Мы используем have gone когда хотим сказать, что человек ушел куда-либо и еще не вернулся.

Мы используем have been когда хотим сказать, что человек ходил куда-либо и уже вернулся.

 

Exercise 2. Fill in the gaps with have/has been (to) or have/has gone (to):

1. “Where are Tom and Lucy?” “They ____________ the theatre.

2. I don’t live in London. I __________ only ________ there once.

3. I am alone in the house. My parents ____________ on holiday.

4. “Is Philip at home?” “No, he _____________ work.”

5. My friend wants us to go on holiday to Madrid this summer, but I _______ already ______ there.

6. Anita has just come home. She ___________ the theatre.

7. “Where are Julia and Dave?” “They ________ the sports center with their friends.”

 

Exercise 3. Past Perfect Simple: put the verbs in the correct form.

1. Jason ______ (return) home before the storm broke out.

2. ____________ (Lucy/pack) her suitcase by the time you called her?

3. The children ________ (finish) doing their homework by nine o’clock.

4. _________ (Julie/type) the letters by the time her boss came to the office?

5. I ___________ (not/finish) my lunch when uncle Bill came.

6. After Sarah _________ (do) the shopping, she had coffee with her friends at a cage.

7. When I got to the garage, the mechanic ______ (not/repair) my car.

8. The boys were frightened because they ________ (not/be) on a plane before.

 

 

Exercise 4. Use the prompts to make sentences, as in the example:

First	Then
Sue/pack/her suitcase     Bob/eat/the meal Mary/read/the contract The boys/watch/the match Peter/borrow/some money	call/a taxi   pay/the bill sign/it   turn off/the TV buy/ a car	After/When Sue had packed her suitcase, she called a taxi./Sue had packed her suitcase before she called a taxi.

 

Exercise 5. Future Perfect Simple:

The people below are all friends. What do they hope they will have done by the time they are thirty years old? Using the prompts below, make sentences, as in the example.

 

Exercise 6. The same people will be thirty-five years old in a month’s time. What will they have been doing by the end of next month? Using the prompts below, make sentences, as in the example.

 

1. Alec/travel/ten years (By the end of next month, Alec will have been travelling for ten years)

2. Mark/run/own business/eight years. - ___________________________________________

3. Moira/star in films/six years. - ___________________________________________

4. Kate/design clothes/four years. - ______________________________________________

5. Jack/build houses/ten years. - _________________________________________

6. Ted/paint/fifteen years. - ________________________________________