Find in the text English equivalents for the following word combinations and use them in sentences:

условия провоза багажа (the title),   поместить ручную кладь в багажную полку, досмотренный/сдаваемый багаж, наложить ограничения/ запрет на что-либо, иметь право на бесплатный провоз багажа, повлечь за собой дополнительные расходы на..., плата, взимаемая по более высокому тарифу, предупредить за сутки, стоять в очереди на регистрацию, забрать багаж, аэрозольные приборы временного поражения, плоские чемоданчики для обеспечения безопасности, содержащие опасные вещества, воспламеняющаяся жидкость, воспламеняющиеся твердые вещества, легковоспламеняющиеся вещества, набор для помощи при обвалах, лавинах, потерять или перепутать место прибытия багажа, возвратиться к кому-либо, брать ответственность за что-либо, держать самое ценное при себе.

 

2. Give the Russian equivalents for the following words and word combinations:

То be up to dimensions, tо fit the bag gauge, at no additional cost, a baggage hall, overweight baggage, mobility aids, irrespective of sth, dangerous articles and substances, corrosives materials, explosives, taser, fertilizer, weed killers, insecticides,  mercury-filled items, avalanche rescue pack,  chemical agent monitoring equipment, non-spillable.

 

 

3. Answer the following questions:

 1. Do you usually travel light?

2. Have you ever exceeded personal checked baggage allowance?

4. How is excess weight charged?

5. What is a baggege claim area like?

6. Have you ever reported missing luggage?

Text 6.                                     JET LAG

Everywhere around the world, business people blame bad days on jetlag. Every day, athletes around the world blame poor performances on jetlag.

 

Jetlag affects us physically, mentally, and emotionally. A physical example is swollen feet. A mental example is disorientation. An emotional one is anxiety.

 

Swollen feet are caused by the low air pressure on board and lack of circulation from sitting for long periods without moving. To remedy this, wear travel shoes a half size too large (use cushions inserts on the ground).

 

Abstaining from alcoholic beverages, while on board (and drinking lots of water instead) is both a physical and a mental remedy--it helps to offset dehydration, and it promotes mental clarity.

 

These are jetlag symptoms: constipation, impatience, clammy sweat, insomnia insecurity, diarrhea, irregular heartbeat, disorientation, lightheadedness, dry cough, loss of libido, dry eyes, low blood sugar, dry skin, memory loss, earache, nausea, fatigue reactions to drugs, headache, sore throat, hemorrhoids susceptibility to illness, impaired coordination, impaired vision and swollen feet.

What causes jetlag?

How are we to alleviate the symptoms of jetlag so that they do not interfere with our mental acuity and physical vitality?

Jetlag is caused by a complex combination of circumstances.

First, there are the environmental deviations of traveling--shifts in time, alterations in magnetic fields, modifications in climate, and diversities in cultures.

As if this weren't enough, we are forced into a sickening environment while flying in commercial jets, where we are deprived of air and humidity and exposed to recalculated germs and chemicals, radiation, pesticides, noise, and dehydration.

No Quick Fix

There is no quick fix to alleviate all the symptoms of jetlag. There is no single pill or remedy for all these symptoms because of all the different things that cause jetlag.

We can cope, however, with a little consciousness in our daily life.

First of all, spend some time outside during daylight hours. Even being in a room with windows helps to enlighten our body clocks. Natural light automatically cues our cells to the new local cosmology.

If you can do only one thing, adjust your bedtime to the new, local timetable as soon as possible. Along with the adoption of the local bedtime, try doing what the locals do: their food preferences, meal times, recreational activities, and even the way they dress.

It also helps to schedule work and other important activities at times when you are likely to have maximum energy:

...in the evenings, after flying east,

...in the mornings, after flying west.

Strategies

1. Spend some time every day outdoors.

2. Set your watch to local time.

3. Sleep and eat on local time.

4. Schedule work for maximum energy according to your home time.

Set your watch, focus your mind

All our internal cycles (temperature, sleep, cravings for sweets, reactions to medications, and more) are programmable, like computers.

You can program yours to bounce back from jetlag with adaptability and resilience.

Start by focusing your thoughts and feelings on your desired goals--determine to enjoy well-being as you skirt the globe.

And be sure to set our watch to your destination local time as soon as possible after

takeoff.

“Jetlag is not psychological; it is cycle logical.”

Fatigue and disorientation

Being tired and slightly disoriented for days after arriving, accompanied by a lack of concentration and motivation, especially for any activity that requires effort or skill, such as driving, reading or discussing a business deal. But even simple daily activities can become harder, and one's capacity to truly enjoy a tourist holiday is significantly reduced.

Broken sleep

Crossing time zones can cause you to wake during the night or have difficulty getting to sleep and then want to fall asleep during the day. Your inbuilt circadian rhythms have been disturbed, and it can take many days for the body to readjust to the new time zone. (NASA estimates you need one day for every one-hour time zone crossed to regain normal rhythm and energy levels. So a 5-hour time difference means you will require five days to get back to normal! Can you afford that?)

Confusion, fuzziness

Having to return to check two or three times to see if a hotel room was left locked or unlocked is typical of the effects reported by flight crews experiencing jet lag. Again, not good if you're on a business trip.

Becoming uptight

"Losing it" is another symptom reported by aircrew, which helps explain why long haul flights get very tedious near the end, and why going through customs and immigration and getting to the hotel often seems like a real drama.

In addition to the above symptoms of jet lag, the syndrome is made worse by some common physical problems caused by being confined in an airliner for hours:

Dehydration

The dry atmosphere aboard aircraft can cause headaches, dry skin and nasal irritation, and make you more susceptible to any colds, coughs, sore throats and flu that are floating round in the aircraft.

Discomfort of legs and feet

Limbs swelling while flying can be extremely uncomfortable, and in some cases may prevent travelers wearing their normal shoes for up to 24 hours after arrival.

General health

A report from the World Health Organization directly links jet lag with problems of diarrhea caused by microbiological contamination of water or food, which it says affects about 50% of long haul travelers. "Factors such as travel fatigue, jet lag, a change in diet, a different climate and a low level of immunity may aggravate the problem by reducing a traveler's resistance and making them more susceptible to this type of infection or poisoning," the report says.

What causes jetlag?

How are we to alleviate the symptoms of jetlag so that they do not interfere with our mental acuity and physical vitality?

Jetlag is caused by a complex combination of circumstances.

First, there are the environmental deviations of traveling--shifts in time, alterations in magnetic fields, modifications in climate, and diversities in cultures.

As if this weren't enough, we are forced into a sickening environment while flying in commercial jets, where we are deprived of air and humidity and exposed to recalculated germs and chemicals, radiation, pesticides, noise, and dehydration.

Crossing time zones

The main but not the only cause of jet lag is crossing time zones. Usually going east is worse than going west. Children under three don't seem to suffer jet lag badly as they are more adaptive and less set in their ways. Adults who adjust readily to changes of routine also seem less susceptible to jet lag. Those who are slaves to a fixed daily routine are often the worst sufferers.

Your pre-flight condition

If you're over-tired, excited, stressed, nervous, or hangover before the flight you are setting yourself up for a good dose of jet lag. How many times have you heard travelers say "Don't worry, I'll catch up on the flight"? Well you don't. The wise traveler who wants to get the most out of a trip has a good night's sleep prior to departure.

Dry atmosphere

The air aboard passenger jet aircraft is dry. To people who normally live in more humid conditions the change can be striking. The dryness can cause headaches, dry skin and dry nasal and throat membranes, creating the conditions for catching colds, coughs, sore throats or the flu. Drinking plenty of water helps, and some frequent flyers take a bottle of water with them. Some airlines supply water frequently to passengers, but others only have a small water fountain near the toilets. Coffee, tea, alcoholic drinks and fruit juices are not recommended. Water is what your body wants.

Cabin pressure

At a cruising altitude of near 30,000' the aircraft is pressurized to near 8,000'. Unless you live near 8,000' and are acclimatized to this pressure you may suffer from swelling, tiredness and lethargy.

Stale air

Providing a constant supply of fresh air in the cabin costs the airlines money and some airlines are more willing to oblige than others. The air supply in business and first-class is often better than in economy class. A lack of good air helps make you tired and irritable and can cause headaches. Sometimes if you ask the flight attendants to turn up the fresh air they will do so.

Alcohol

The impact of alcohol on the body is 2-3 times more potent when you're flying. One glass of wine in-flight has the effect of 2-3 glasses on the ground. Add this to the other problems mentioned here, and you can get off the plane with a huge hangover that simply compounds the effects of jet lag.

Food and drink

Airline coffee and tea not only tend to taste awful - they have a higher than usual

caffeine content and are abrasive on the stomach. Orange juice is also abrasive if you are not used to it. If you don't normally drink really strong coffee, tea or orange juice, don't try it while flying. Also go easy on the frequent meals served in-flight. You don't need them. And sitting in a cramped position puts extra pressure on your stomach. Also beware risky foods served on some airlines in certain parts of the world, including salads and cold meat and fish. According to WHO, 50% of international travelers get stomach problems, so dietary care is important while flying.

Lack of exercise

Lack of exercise is one of the worst aspects of long haul flying. It makes the flight

uncomfortable and sets you up for a longer period of jet lag afterwards. Do stretching exercises in your seat, especially for the legs, and if possible go for walks up and down the aisle. If you have a spare seat next to you, try to get your feet up. Get off the plane whenever possible at stopovers and do some exercises (don't worry what others think). If there is an opportunity during a ground stop, take a shower - it freshens you, tones the muscles and gets the blood moving again.

 

WHAT TO DO:

1. Answer the following questions:

1.          Are you a nervous flyer?

2. Have you ever travelled through different time zones?

3. What is your understanding of jet lag?

4. Have you ever felt jet lagged?

5. What are the main causes of jet lag?

6. What can be done to beat jet lag?