III. Read the text and say if you agree or disagree with the following statements: true or false.

1. Having a job and having a career are two very different things.

2. Planning a career can begin at any age.

3. The choice of a career doesn't only depend on a person's talents and interests.

4. To face a competitive job market is to have no guarantees for getting a job.

5. To take control of the future and to be well-prepared for the challenges of the job market one should take several very important steps.

Отработка неаттестации за май.

Переведите абзацы 1 – 5 данного текста и выполните упражнения после текста.

Political system of the USA

The United States of America is a parliamentary republic. The people rule the country through the representatives they elect. Today any citizen who is at least 18 years old can vote. The Constitution of the USAwas written in 1787. It is the basis for its laws.

The United States has a federalist system. There are fifty states in the USA. Each state has its own government and there is a federal or national government. Each state has its own constitution and can collect taxes. But only the national government can print money.

The national government is divided into three branches. They are the legislative branch, the executive branch and the judicial branch.

The legislative branch is represented by the US Congress. The US Congress consists of two parts. They are the House of Representatives and the Senate. The congress's main function is to make laws. There are 100 senators (two from each state) and 435 representatives. The number of the representatives from each state depends on the size of the state's population. Senators are chosen for six years. But one-third is reelected or retired every two years.

The executive branch is headed by the President and his Administration. The president of the USA is the head of the country. The executive branch administers the laws. The executive branch consists of departments and agencies. The US President is elected for a 4-year term. The US President commands the armed forces, conducts foreign affairs, recommends laws to the Congress.

The judicial branch is headed by the US Supreme Court. The US Supreme Court has nine members. They are Chief Justice and 8 Associate Justices. They are appointed for life. The judicial branch interprets the laws and makes sure that new laws are in keeping with the Constitution.

Each branch has certain controls over other branches. The US Congress makes laws, but the President can veto a law, and the Supreme Court can decide that the law is unconstitutional.

There are two main political parties in the USA. They are the Democtatic Party and the Republican Party. The Democratic Party is symbolized by a "donkey."The Republican Party is symbolized by an "elephant." There are no clear differences between these parties. The Republicans are more conservative. They have more support among the upper classes. The Democrats are more liberal. They have more support among the working class and the poor.

Pronounce the following words and geographic names:

the United States of America (the USA) –СоединенныеШтатыАмерики

the US Congress - Конгресс Соединенных Штатов Америки

the Senate - Сенат

theUSSupremeCourt–ВерховныйСудСоединенныхШтатов

ChiefJustice - председательсуда

parliamentaryrepublic - парламентскаяреспублика

to rule - управлять

representative - представитель

to elect - выбирать

atleast - по крайней мере

tovote - голосовать

law - закон

tax - налог

to print - печатать

to divide - разделять

function - функция

to depend on –зависетьот

tore-elect - перевыбирать

toretire - уходить в отставку

executive - исполнительный

legislative - законодательный

judicial - судебный

to head - возглавлять

to administer - управлять

department - министерство (амер.)

agency - учреждение

armedforces - вооруженные силы

to conduct - руководить

foreign affairs - иност. дела

to appoint - назначать

associate justice –помощниксудьи

tointerpret - объяснять

certain - определенный

toveto - наложить вето

support - поддержка

the upper classes – аристократия

1. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. The USA is a parliamentary republic. What does it mean?

2. When was the Constitution of the USA written?

3. How many states are there in the USA?

4. How many parts is the national government divided into? What are they?

5. What is the US Congress? What does it consist of?

6. What is the main function of the US Congress?

7. How many senators and representatives are there in the US Congress?

8. What does the number of the representatives from each state depend on?

9.How many years are senators chosen for?

10, Who heads the executive branch?

2. Выберите верный вариант ответа.

1.Senators are chosen for... years.

2, 6,10

2.TheUS Supreme Court has... members.

three, eight, nine

3.The national government is divided into... branches.

four, three, five

4.Today any citizen who is at least... years old can vote.

18, 21, 16

205.There are... senators and 435 representatives in the US Congress.

71, 100, 80

6.The Constitution of the USA was written in....

1787, 1878, 1978