Text A. Spiritual and physical health

Christians know that all the diseases have a spiritualcause. A disease is considered to be a punishment for sins. Who punishes? A person punishes himself by his own sins. Everybody knows safety rules for our physical body: don’t go on broken glass, don’t go without clothes in winter or don’t jump down from the fifth floor. Committing sins is also breaking the laws or safety rules for our spirit. Some sins are so harmful to a human body that diseases may appear. Such diseases are difficult to diagnose or they have symptoms of incurable diseases. Incurable diseases have spiritual causes. Everybody who lived before the revolution of 1917 had at least the basic knowledge of spiritual laws. In our days, people often apply to the Church too late when it is hard to help them, because spiritual and then physical recovery need time.You are physically healthy if you eat healthy food, sleep at least 8 hours a night, no smoking, no drugs and little alcohol drinking. A spirit is the highest level of a soul when a person lives a moral life and knows God. A person is spiritually healthy when he lives his life in accordance with God’s commandments.

Read the questions in A, choose and read the correct answers in B / ПрочитайтевопросвА, выберитеипрочитайтеответвВ.

A	B
1. What do Christians know about diseases? 2. Why some sins are so harmful to a human body? 3. When you arephysically healthy? 4. When you are spiritually healthy?	a) Some sins are so harmful to a human body that diseases may appear.   b) You are physically healthy if you eat healthy food, have enough sleep and don’t smoke. c) Christians know that diseases have spiritual causes and are considered to be a punishment for sins. d) A person is spiritually healthy when he lives his life in accordance with God’s commandments.

Physical and Spiritual Health (Orthodox Christianity view)

Level B

Write and learn. Запишитеивыучите: Practice saying the words. Произнесите:

1. actually hurts[‘ækt∫juәli ‘hә:ts]- действительноболит 1. carnal [‘ka:nl]– плотской (живущийнуждамитела)

2. incurable [in‘kju:rәbl] – неизлечимое                        2. relies [ri‘laiz] – полагается

3. consider - считать             3. punish [‘pΛni∫] – наказывать

4.disease[di‘zi:z] – заболевание                                 4.safetyrules [‘seiftiru:lz] - правила безопасности

5. propertreatment               5. commit sins [‘propә ‘tri:tmәnt] – правильноелечение                     [kә‘mit sins] – совершатьгрехи

6. physically [‘fizikli] –физически                               6. spiritually [spi‘ritjuәli] – духовно

7. healthy [‘helθi]– здоровый                                          7. in accordance with [in ә‘ko:dәncewið] в соответствии с

8. symptoms[‘simptomz] - симптомы                            8. God ’ scommandments [godzkә‘ma:ndmәnts] – Божьи заповеди   9. a person [‘pә:sn ]                                                                 a human being [‘hju:mәn ‘biiŋ]– человек                  9. at least [әt li:st]-хотябы

10. to diagnose [daiәg‘nouz] – диагностировать            10. basic knowledge [‘beisik ‘nolid ] – элементарныепредставления

11. recovery[ri‘kΛvәri]– выздоровление                     11. apply[ә‘plai] -обращаться (за помощью) 12. welfare[‘welfεә] – благополучие                                                                                             13. conscience[‘kon∫әsnis] – совесть 14. reproach[rip‘rout∫]  – укор                                                                                             15. hot-tempered[hot‘tempәd] - вспыльчивый

 

Read and translate the text./ Прочитайте и переведите текст.

TextB.

When we speak about the proper treatment we should know why a person has a disease and what actually hurts. Christians know that all the diseases have a spiritual cause. In Orthodox Christianity view, a disease is a visit of God, whereas carnal personrelies only on first aid, an injection or a pill.We need to take a spiritual look at the causes of an incurable disease. A disease is considered to be a punishment for sins. Who punishes? A person punishes himself by his own sins. Everybody knows what happens to our body if we start going on broken glass, go without clothes in winter or jump down from the fifth floor. Everybody knows safety rules for our physical body. So what is it – committing sins? It is also breaking the laws or safety rules for our spirit.Everybody knows what a person should do to be physically healthy: eat healthy food, sleep at least 8 hours a night, no smoking, no drugs and little alcohol drinking. A spirit is the highest level of a soul when a person lives a moral life and knows God. A person is spiritually healthy when he lives his life in accordance with God’s commandments. A person has an ill spirit when he commits any sins. Some sins are so harmful to a human body that diseases may appear.

Spiritual welfare is peaceful relations with one’s own conscience. A person often doesn’t notice the beginning of a spiritual disease. He tries not to listen to the reproaches of his conscience. A person starts tofeel dissatisfactionwith his life, hopelessness, depression, sleeplessness and fear. Also, this person becomes hot-tempered communicatingto other people.

So people become spiritually ill. Such diseases are difficult to diagnose or they have symptoms of incurable diseases. Everybody who lived before the revolution of 1917 had at least the basic knowledge of spiritual laws. In our days, people often apply to the Church too late. Then it is hard to help them, because spiritual and then physical recovery need time.

Answer the questions / Ответьтенавопросы:

1) Name some of the safety rules for our physical body.

2) When do we have a healthy spirit?

3) Name the spiritual causes of a disease, for example, AIDs (СПИД).

4) What symptoms can show us that a person has no spiritual welfare?

5) Who punishes a person and what for?

6) When is a person spiritually healthy?

Levels A and B. Match the words in list A with the words in list B:/ Подберитесоответствия:

А. ЗаповедиБожьи:                              В. God’s commandments:

1) ВсепроисходитпоБожьему      a) Remember the day of Sunday to bless it.

Промыслу (плану)

2) Несотворисебекумира              b) You shall notkill

3) НепроизносиимениБога           c) Honor your father and your mother

понапрасну, не упоминай

врага Бога

4) Помниденьвоскресный,            d) Everything happens according

чтобы святить его (посвятить Богу)      to Divine Providence (God’splan)

5) Чтиотцаимать                              e) You shall not say God’s and

His enemy’s name in vain

6) Неубивай                                      f) You shall not make for yourself an idol

(то же, что и ненависть, аборт)

7) Не прелюбодействуй (запрет      g) Youshallnotsteal.

на супружеские отношения

до и вне брака)

8) Неукради                                      h) You shall not envy

9) Непроизносининакого             i) You shall not commit adultery

ложного слова

10) Незавидуй                                    j) You shall not bear false witness

Levels A and B

Practice saying the words / Произнеситесловапотранскрипции:

Грехи:                                    Sins:

нерадение (не старание, халатность) sloth

укор                                                   reproach[ri‘prout∫] 

осуждать                                             denounce

гнев                                               enragement

лживость                                            falsity

объедание                                           overeating / overeat

пьянство                                              heavy drinking [‘hævi ‘drinkiŋ]  

зависть                                                 envy

хищениеtheft [θeft]

ненависть                                             hatred

ревность                                   jealousy

непослушаниеdisobedience

клевета                                                 slander

мстительность                                     vindictiveness [vin‘diktivnis]

уныниеforlornness depression [di‘pre∫n]                              

прекословие                                        contradiction

пустословие                                        idle talk, vain discourse

развращениепомыслил                  thought of seduction

лукавоепомыслил thought of something deceitful [θo:tov ‘sΛmθiŋ di‘si:tful]

забвение (забываниеоБоге)             neglect of God [nә‘glekt ov god]

самолюбие (эгоизм)                            egoism, self-esteem [‘egoizm self ‘esti:m]

неподобноеговорилspoke something indecent] [spouk ‘sΛmθiŋ in‘disnt]

грехуближнегопосмеялсяlaughed at the fellow-Christian’ssin

                                                                            [ lΛft әt ðә ‘fellou ‘krist∫iәnz sin]

                                     

Добродетели:                                     Virtues:

Видениесвоихгрехов                       seeing one’s own sins s oun

Исповеданиесвоихгрехов                confession of one’s sins s s

Смирение                                             humility

Целомудриеchastity

Послушаниеobedience

Терпение                                              patience

Великодушие (умениепрощать)       being able to forgive people [fo‘gi:v pi:pl]

Кротость                                              meekness [‘mi:knes]

 

Тема8.11. SpiritualDiseases(Islamicview) / Духовные заболевания (СточкизренияИслама)

Level B

Practice saying the words. Произнесите:

disease [di‘zi:z] – заболеваниеprophet - пророк

spiritual cause [spi‘ritjuәl ko:z] – духовнаяпричинаpray - молиться

charity - благотворительность                                     fast - поститься

harmful [‘hΛmful] – вредный                                       mosques - мечети breachoftrust – нарушение доверия                          deviations - отклонения

obstinacy - упрямство, неуступчивость stinginess - скупость

sluggishness - нерасторопность, лень                           perseverance – стойкость(неотступность от веры) dissoluteness - распутство dignity – достоинство

spiritually[spi‘ritjuәli] – духовно curb - сдерживать – impudence - нахальствоperjury – ложная клятва, лжесвидетельство

cheating - жульничество                  hypocrisy – лицемерие a person [‘pә:sn ], a human being                                 accustom -приучить [‘hju:mәn ‘biiŋ]– человек                                           contentment – умение быть довольным master - хозяин, господин                                            lie, lying - ложь

Read and translate the text / Прочитайтеипереведитетекст.

 

Islam is based on teaching the Koran. In Islam five obligations should be observed: to believe in Allah (God) and Muhammad (the prophet); to pray five times a day; to give money to charity; to fast between sunrise and sunset during Ramadan; and to visit Mecca, the holiest city of Islam in Saudi Arabia, at least once. Muslims pray in mosques, most mosques have one or more minarets, from which the Muslims are called to pray.

SPIRITUAL DISEASES

“Concise Islamic Catechism” by Mehmet Soymen

Obstinacy and indecision are spiritual diseases and Islam offers being firm and persevering as a treatment.

Extreme excitement and extreme cowardice

 Moral virtues must be the master of passions, sentiments and deviations in order to curb them.

Self-admiration and self-humiliation

The human beings are equal from the creation and law point of view and possess equal rights. But proud people look down upon others due to their positions and material possessions. One should be modest and dignified. Pride towards a proud man is a good deed.

Shamelessness and impudence - shame and politeness

One of the bad habits which influence the soul of a man is shamelessness and impudence. One must be full of shame and politeness.

Lying and cheating

 Lying removes peace and comfort from the human soul. The worst kind of lying is perjury. Cheating is a sign of hypocrisy. The Islamic prophet said, “Let God curse all those who cheat my followers in the religious and worldly affairs.” One must be trustworthy.

To sum up, tо purify the souls from the attacks of spiritual diseases like obstinacy, indecision, extreme excitement, extreme cowardice, pride, sluggishness, impudence, lying, cheating, breachoftrust, anger, stinginess, envy, dissoluteness, we must accustom ourselves to the lofty qualities like firmness, perseverance, bravery, modesty, dignity, shame, politeness, honesty, patience and contentment. Also a person must forgive other people.