Ялнс гд эхзжб збннжздзк геппй избедюсзц иуии збкынс збгдзон.

۩ ЯЛнС гд ЗбЯбгЗК ЗбПЗбЙ Ъбн ЗбжЩЗЖЭ КдКен ИгЗ нбн: -ian/-ist/-or/-er/man

Technician / electrician ЯеСИЗЖн / politician / physician ШИнИ / optician ГОХЗЖн ЗбдЩЗСЗК / dietician ГОХЗЖн КЫРнЙ /librarian	-ian
Scientist / chemist / specialist ГОХЗЖн / archaeologist ЪЗбг ВЛЗС / physicist ЪЗбг ЭнТнЗБ / dentist / journalist / oculist ШИнИ Ънжд / receptionist	-ist
Accountant / assistant / servant / consultant / flight attendant гЦнЭЙ	-ant
Director гОСМ/гПнС / doctor / actor / sailor ИНЗС / supervisor гФСЭ	-or
Farmer / plumber УИЗЯ / carpenter / teacher / manager / worker / builder / driver	-er
Cook ШИЗО / pilot ШнЗС / chef СЖнУ ЗбШеЗЙ / nurse / vet ШИнИ ИнШСн	others

۩ бЗНЩ ЗбЗУКОПЗгЗК ЗбгОКбЭЙ бЯбгЙ about:

§ About = a little less or more than a number or amount НжЗбн

 • The accident happened about two months ago..               

§ About = ready to start doing something Ъбн жФЯ

 • I was about to leave when Ahmed arrived.               

§ About = almost КЮСнИЗ

• Dinner is just about ready.             

§ About = nearby Эн гЯЗд ЮСнИ

• They heard someone moving about outside.             

§ About = on the subject of / connected with Ъд / ИФГд

• I wish you'd do something about your bedroom - it's a real mess.       

 

۩ гЪ ЗбЯбгЗК ЗбВКнЙ бЗ нУКОПг НСЭ МС гЪ ЗбЭЪб go:

§ go home / downtown/abroad/everywhere / somewhere / upstairs / downstairs

• He went upstairs to see what had happened.           

• I went home a bit early to catch the beginning of the programme.

۩ гЪ ЗбЭЪб help нгЯд ЗУКОПЗг inf. Гж to + inf.

• Clarke helped a director make / to make a film.

 

۩ бЗНЩ ЗУКОПЗг -fy. бКЯжнд ИЪЦ ЗбГЭЪЗб:

-fy = make/become

horror	horrify нхСЪИ	simple	simplify нхИУШ
beauty	beautify нТнд / нхМгб	clear	clarify нжЦН
pure	purify нхдЮн	liquid	liquefy нНжб бУЗЖб
identity	identify нКЪСЭ Ъбн	notification	notify нхОШС
modification	modify нхЪПцб	mummy	mummify нхНдШ
qualification	qualify нхДеб/нКГеб	satisfaction	satisfy нбИн /нхФИЪ
terror	terrify нхСЪИ / нОнЭ	justification	justify нхИСС

words Often Confused:

Ё loose ЫнС гЛИК ИЕНЯЗг/жЗУЪ - ЭЦЭЗЦ        

• Loose clothing gives you greater freedom of movement.        

Ё lose / lost / lost нЭЮП/нОУС

• I recovered ЗУКЪЗП the money I had lost.

Ё loss ОУЗСЙ/ЭЮПЗд/ЦнЗЪ   

• He told the police about the loss of his car.

Ё Time (uncountable) ЗбжЮК ИХЭЙ ЪЗгЙ (бЗ КМгЪ)

• Installation КСЯнИ of the new system will save time.

Ё Time (countable)    гСЙ (КМгЪ)   

• How many times do I have to ask you to pay attention ндКИе?

۩ human (adj.) ИФСн / ЕдУЗдн

• The accident was the result of human error.

۩ humane (adj.) ЪШжЭ

• The refugees ЗббЗМЖжд receive humane treatment.

 

۩ Fault ОШГ       Ё Foul ОШГ Эн ЗбСнЗЦЙ

• I'm very sorry. It's my fault.

• He had committed 3 fouls in the match.

 

۩ fall / fell / fallen нУЮШ               Ё fail нЭФб / нСУИ            Ё fell нЮШЪ (ФМСЙ)   

• The book fell from his hands.

• He failed the English exam.

• More than 50 trees were felled.

Prepositions:

travel into space	нУЗЭС Збн ЗбЭЦЗБ	name after	нУгн ИЕУг
be famous for	гФежС ИЬЬ	expert in	ОИнС Эн
send messages to	нИЪЛ ИСУЗЖб Збн	give advice about	нЮПг дХнНЙ ИФГд
cut down trees	нЮШЪ ЗбГФМЗС	cut down prices	нЮбб ЗбГУЪЗС
deal with	нКЪЗгб гЪ	work on a film	нЪгб Эн ЗдКЗМ Энбг
walk on the moon	нУнС Ъбн УШН ЗбЮгС	send a rocket into space	нСУб ХЗСжОЗр ббЭЦЗБ
fly to	нШнС Збн	on the spaceship	Ъбн гКд УЭндЙ ЗбЭЦЗБ
turn on = switch on	нЭКН (МеЗТ)	turn off = switch off	нЫбЮ (МеЗТ)
lose contact with	нЭЮП ЗбЗКХЗб ИЬ	have contact with	бе ЗКХЗб ИЬ
wake up	нУКнЮЩ	threaten to	неПП ИГд...
move forward	нКНСЯ ббГгЗг	on earth	Ъбн ЯжЯИ ЗбГСЦ
since the beginning of time	гдР ИЗнЙ ЗбТгЗд	be ready to + inf.	гУКЪП Гд...
be ready for + n.	гУКЪП (бФнБ)	with the help of	ИгУЗЪПЙ
take control of	нУнШС Ъбн	go out of control	нОСМ Ъд дШЗЮ ЗбУнШСЙ
lose control of	нЭЮП ЗбУнШСЙ Ъбн	have control over	нКНЯг Эн
travel across Egypt	нУЗЭС Эн ГдНЗБ гХС	the pros and cons of	гТЗнЗ жЪнжИ...
wait at the garage	ндКЩС Эн ЗбМСЗМ	for the first time	бГжб гСЙ

Words and their antonyms:

fact	НЮнЮн	fiction	ОнЗб
factual	НЮнЮн	fictional	ОнЗбн
active	дФнШ	inactive/passive	ЫнС дФнШ/УбИн
present	ЗбНЗЦС	past	ЗбгЗЦн
present	НЗЦС	absent	ЫЗЖИ
right	ХжЗИ	wrong	ОШГ
right	нгнд	left	нУЗС
meaningful	ИдЬрЗБ /еЗПЭ/Рж гЫТн	meaningless	КЗЭе / ИбЗ гЪдн
practical	Ъгбн	theoretical	дЩСн
take off	КхЮбЪ (ЗбШЗЖСЙ)	land	КеИШ
real	НЮнЮн	unreal	ЫнС НЮнЮн
true	НЮнЮн	untrue	ЫнС НЮнЮн
land	КеИШ	take off	КхЮбЪ
awake	гУКнЮЩ	asleep	дЗЖг

Words and their Synonyms:

threat	КеПнП	menace
horrified	ОЗЖЭ/гСЪжИ	afraid/frightened
be about to	Ъбн жФЯ..	be going to
imaginary	ОнЗбн	fictional
breathing	НЗЦС	respiration
equipment	гЪПЗК	machinery
downside	ЪнИ/МЗдИ УбИн	disadvantage/drawback
hindrance	ЪЗЖЮ	impediment
faint	нХЗИ ИЗбЕЫгЗБ	pass out
idea	ЭЯСЙ	notion
remember	нКРЯС	recall

Irregular Verbs:

outdo/outdid/outdone	нЭжЮ	overcome/overcame/ overcome	нКЫбИ Ъбн
outgrow/outgrew/outgrown	нЭжЮе Эн Збдгж	oversee/oversaw/ overseen	нСЗЮИ / нФСЭ Ъбн
outrun/outran/ outrun	нУИЮ	oversleep/overslept/ overslept	нЭСШ Эн Збджг
write/wrote/written	нЯКИ	overtake/overtook/ overtaken	нКМЗжТ (ИЗбУнЗСЙ)
withstand/withstood/withstood	нКНгб	overthrow/overthrew/ overthrown	нЮбИ/неТг

Derivatives:

verb		noun		adjective
consult	нУКФнС	consultant consultation	ЗУКФЗСн/гУКФЗС КФЗжС
direct	нхОСМ/нжМе	director direction	гОСМ ЗОСЗМ / ЗКМЗе
horrify	нхСЪИ	horror	СЪИ	horrified	гСЪжИ
threaten	нхеПП	threat	КеПнП	threatening threatened	гхеПцП гхеуЬПуП
control	нУнШС/нКНЯг	control	УнШСЙ/КНЯг	controlled
interrupt	нЮЗШЪ	interruption	гЮЗШЪЙ /ЗдЮШЗЪ
found	нДУУ	foundation	гДУУЙ
press	нЦЫШ	pressure	ЗбЦЫШ	pressing pressurized	ЪЗМб/гхбцН гЦЫжШ
		technician	Эдн (ЗбФОХ)	technical	Эдн / КЮдн

Collocations and Vocab for Translation, Comprehension & Essay Writing:

emergency exit	гОСМ ЗбШжЗСнБ	remote control	МеЗТ ЗбКНЯг Ъд ИхЪП
artificial intelligence	ЗбРЯЗБ ЗбЗХШдЗЪн	control prices	нКНЯг Эн ЗбГУЪЗС
emergency landing	еИжШ ЗЦШСЗСн	emergency summit	ЮгЙ ШЗСЖЙ
emergency session	МбУЙ ШЗСЖЙ	control system	дЩЗг ЗбКНЯг
technical support	ЗбПЪг ЗбЭдн	emergency situation	гжЮЭ ШЗСнБ
emergency services	ОПгЗК ЗбШжЗСнБ	making people aware of	КжЪнЙ ЗбдЗУ ИЬЬ
market control	ЗбСЮЗИЙ Ъбн ЗбГУжЗЮ	explicit threat	КеПнП жЗЦН
implied threat	КеПнП Цгдн	imminent threat	КеПнП жФнЯ
financial consultant	гУКФЗС гЗбн	horror movies	ГЭбЗг ЗбСЪИ
a direct relationship	ЪбЗЮЙ гИЗФСЙ	pose a threat to	нхФЯб КеПнПЗ бЬ
emergency room	ЫСЭЙ ЗбШжЗСнБ	beneficial effect	КГЛнС гЭнП
developing countries	ЗбПжб ЗбдЗгнЙ	developed countries	ЗбПжб ЗбгКЮПгЙ
science articles	гЮЗбЗК ЪбгнЙ	science magazines	гЮЗбЗК ЪбгнЙ
scientific consultant	гУКФЗС Ъбгн	quality of life	джЪнЙ ЗбНнЗЙ
satellite television	ИЛ КбнЭТнждн ЪИС ЗбГЮгЗС ЗбХдЗЪнЙ	be famous as	нЯжд гФежСЗ ИЗЪКИЗСе
atmospheric pressure	ЗбЦЫШ ЗбМжн	Increasing/growing pressures	ЦЫжШ гКТЗнПЙ
blood pressure	ЦЫШ ЗбПг	under pressure	КНК ЦЫШ
under control	КНК ЗбУнШСЙ	lose control of	нЭЮП ЗбУнШСЙ Ъбн
diabetes	гСЦ ЗбУЯСн	Get/spin out of control	нОСМ Ъд дШЗЮ ЗбУнШСЙ
regain control of	нУКЪнП ЗбУнШСЙ Ъбн	birth control	КНПнП ЗбдУб
control room	ЫСЭЙ ЗбКНЯг	quality control	ЗбСЮЗИЙ Ъбн ЗбМжПЙ
Untold misery	КЪЗУЙ Гж нДУ бЗ нжХЭ	outside/beyond our control	ОЗСМ дШЗЮ УнШСКдЗ
uncontrollable	бЗ нгЯд ЗбКНЯг Эне	Significant advances	КШжСЗК еЗгЙ
frequency	КЯСЗС	emergency meeting	ЗМКгЗЪ ШЗСнБ
emergency ward	ЪдИС ЗбШжЗСнБ	emergency workers	ЪгЗб ЗбШжЗСнБ
emergency centre	гСЯТ ббШжЗСнБ	emergency committee	бМдЙ ЗбШжЗСнБ
emergency measures	ЗМСЗБЗК ШЗСЖЙ	emergency operation	ЪгбнЙ ШЗСЖЙ
emergency physician	ШИнИ ЗбШжЗСнБ	emergency plan	ОШЙ ШжЗСнБ
multiple sclerosis	ЗбКХбИ ЗбЪХИн ЗбгКЪПП	Degenerative diseases	ГгСЗЦ КдЯУнЙ
financial pressures	ЦЫжШ гЗбнЙ	economic pressures	ЦЫжШ ЗЮКХЗПнЙ
psychological pressures	ЦЫжШ дЭУнЙ	arthritis	ЗбКеЗИ ЗбгЭЗХб
tremendous pressure	ЦЫШ еЗЖб	political pressures	ЦЫжШ УнЗУнЙ
chronic	гТгд	miserable	ИЗЖУ /КЪнУ