Work in pairs and complete the information. Use the words below in the correct form. You need to use some words more than once.

lose conductor superconductor discover conductive

resistance mercury cool below superconductive

When an electric current is passed through a conductor some of the energy ______ in the form of heat and light. The amount of energy lost varies depending on the individual material’s electrical _________. Some materials, like copper and gold, are great _______ of electricity and have very low ________. Scientists __________ that the colder these materials are the more ________ they become. But no matter how cold you make copper or gold, it will always show some electrical ___________. Mercury, however, is different. In 1911, when scientists _______ a sample of ________to 4.2 degrees above absolute zero, its _______ abruptly disappeared: the first _________ was discovered. Gradually, more and more superconductive materials have been found that show zero electrical resistance _______a certain critical temperature. When _________ is zero, electricity is conducted perfectly, without any loss and a current can theoretically flow in a closed loop for ever. This has been demonstrated by scientists who have sustained electrical currents in superconductive rings for years without any measurable depreciation of energy and it doesn’t end there; not only do ______________ have absolutely zero________ they also don’t like to let magnetic fields to pass through.

45. Watch the first part of the video “ Superconductors ” (1:08) and check your answers

46. Watch the second part of the video. “Superconductors” Then complete the dialogues and present them to the class

Student A: -What materials are known as high-temperature superconductors?

Student B - I suppose materials that ____________________________________________

- But still, always having to have liquid nitrogen at hand is _________________

- Well, it is the goal for scientists to create a material that is________________

If we had _______________________________________

we’d be able to power devices using much less power; none of the

energy would be lost as heat, changing the way that electronic devices are

designed and built.

 

Student A: - Have you seen the Meissner effect in action with science experiments?

Student B: - Yes, I’ve seen the video.

- Could you describe it?

- I’ll try. A __________is put on top of a _______________________ and

___________ temperature nothing really special happens, but when the material

is _____________ to its critical temperature the Meissner effect kicks in, causing

the_______________ as if by magic..

 

Student A: -We can’t forget that superconductors have to be kept at ___________________

________________ in order to function properly.

Student B: - And this is the main factor limiting the _________________________________

- Fortunately, scientists have been busy finding and creating materials that ______

_________________ at higher and higher temperatures.

 

Study the table

	either	neither
союз	-…or…либо…-либо… или…или	-…nor…-ни…, ни…
местоимение	любой (из двух), кто-нибудь	никакой (из двух), никто
наречие	тоже, также	тоже не, также не

 

I like milk. – Me too. (Я люблю молоко. Я тоже)

I don’t like milk. – Me neither. (Я не люблю молоко. – Я тоже)

I don’t like juice. – I don’t like juice either. (Я не люблю сок. – Я тоже не люблю сок.) Или же Neither do I.

Either you do this work just now or I’ll tell your parents.

They want to go either to France or to Italy for summer holidays.

You can have neither juice nor ice cream before dinner.

She eats neither fish nor meat.

 

Give short answers

0.I don’t eat porridge (Mary) – Neither does Mary.

1 I cannot understand him. (we)

2 We are not from London. (I)

3 I didn’t go to the movie. (Nick)

4 I will never talk to him. (my Mum)

5 He hasn’t got any brothers. (my friend)

6 I don’t enjoy this film. (we)

7 She isn’t going to Spain. (he)

8 My friend doesn’t like to play football. (I)

 

Complete the sentences below

11 She can’t ride a horse. I can’t ride them …

2 I’ve never been to China. – Me…

3 I can’t understand that language. I can’t understand it …

4 I speak …French …Spanish.

5 You can go … to Japan … to Vietnam.

6 Ann won’t go to the theatre tomorrow. Her brother won’t to go there …

7 Which pen can I take? …of them.

8… of the possible ways is simple