Перелік типових питань для судномеханіків

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What are the duties of the chief engineer?

He is in command of the engine department and engineering personnel. He is responsible for all ship’s machinery and control systems. He must ensure proper operation, maintenance and repair of the machinery, equipment and control systems. He also is responsible for compliance with maritime laws, rules and regulations pertaining to machinery testing and inspecting. The chief engineer is responsible for the administration, supervision and economical operation of the engine department. He is responsible for preparation, accuracy and timely submission of the engine department correspondence, records and reports. The chief engineer is accounted to the shoreside management.

 

What are the duties of the second engineer?

He is the officer next in rank to the chief engineer. He is responsible for daily activities of the engine room personnel. He supervises maintenance and repair work, maintains preventive maintenance records. The 2^nd engineer may be assigned to the duty of supervising spare part inventory. He keeps watch; also he has the duties that include responsibility for the main engine, fire main system, water ballast system, bilge drainage system and refrigeration system.

 

What are the duties of the third engineer?

He is responsible for gensets, fuel fill, storage and transfer system, air compressor, air conditioner and refrigerating plant. The 3^rd engineer is in charge of bunkering operations.

 

What are the duties of the fourth engineer?

He is a watchkeeping engineer; he usually has the auxiliary boilers and waste-heat boilers in his charge. He is also in charge of the sea-water sanitary system, galley and laundry mechanical equipment. His watchkeeping hours are 4 to 8a.m. and 16 to 20 hours.

 

What are the duties of a motorman?

Motorman is responsible for the operation/ repair and lubrication of engines and motors, also he ensures complete repair of all equipment at all times under guidance of engineers. He maintains proper logs of equipment and their current status; he is charge of training new crewmembers, keeping equipment damage and loss at minimum level, also providing assistance to other crewmembers if necessary.

 

What are the duties of an engine cadet?

He is responsible for keeping watch as per watch schedule, assisting with maintenance of all machinery and technical equipment as directed by an Engine Officer. Also he is in charge of general cleaning and housekeeping throughout the machinery spaces, shipboard training as per companies’ requirements to dedicate part of their time to study and learn the electrical and technical equipments, machineries, plants and all related equipments. An engine cadet assists in maintain the SMS.

 

What are the duties of an oiler?

An oiler operates and maintains the propulsion and other systems on board the vessel. Oilers also deal with the different facilities on board, notably the sewage, lighting, air conditioning, and water systems. They assist bulk fuel transfers and require training in firefighting and first aid.

 

What are the duties of a wiper?

A wiper is mainly responsible for maintenance of the vessel, also cleaning of the engine room and general maintenance of the engine department. He is in charge of assisting other personnel on the ship in various tasks, working as a part of the watch team and working with ordinary seamen aboard and assisting them in various tasks.

 

What are the duties of a fitter?

He lays out and fabricates metal structural parts, such as plates, bulkheads, and frames, and braces them in position within hull of ship for riveting or welding: lays out position of parts on metal, working from blueprints or templates and using scribe and hand tools. A fitter locates and marks reference lines, such as center, buttock, and frame lines. He is responsible for aligning parts in relation to each other, using jacks, turnbuckles, clips, wedges, and mauls, for marking location of holes to be drilled and installs temporary fasteners to hold part in place for welding or riveting. Installing packing, gaskets, liners, and structural accessories and members, such as doors, hatches, brackets, and clips is the duty of a fitter.

 

What do you know about engine room?

Engine room is a ship’s compartment which contains the main engine and a number of auxiliary machinery.

 

What machinery do you know?

Machinery is divided into main and auxiliary machinery. The main machinery comprises an engine, usually a diesel engine, steam turbine, or gas turbine, with required gearing or other transmission system and, for steam plants, steam generators. Besides the main machinery there is also a great number of auxiliary machinery which covers everything mechanical on board a ship except the main engines and boilers. It includes almost all pipes and fittings and different equipment.

 

What is the main propulsion machinery?

The main propulsion machinery comprises an engine, usually a diesel engine, steam turbine, or gas turbine.

 

What is auxiliary machinery?

Auxiliary machinery covers everything mechanical aboard, e.g. pipes and fittings, pumps, separators, diesel generators, deck machinery etc.

 

What functions does auxiliary machinery perform?

Auxiliary machinery is installed to perform a number of functions: to prevent oil and sewage pollution, to moor the ship and handle cargo, to supply the ship with electrical power and lighting, to keep the ship dry and trimmed, to provide propulsion and maneuvering, to supply domestic needs such as fresh and sea water, sanitation; heating or cooling of air, ventilation, to provide safety.

 

How is the piping system arranged on ship?

Each piping system consists of sections or lengths of piping, fittings for joining the sections and valves for controlling the flow of fluid. Most piping systems also include other fittings and accessories such as vents, drains, traps, strainers, relief valves, various gauges: vacuum meters, pressure gauges, thermometers and other measuring instruments.

 

What types of valves can be found on ship?

Valves can be of different types: check valves, exhaust valves, safety shut-off valves, throttle valves, flow control valves, control valves, safety valves, solenoid valves.

 

What is the function of ballast system?

The purpose of the ballast system is to maintain the proper trim, stability, and immersion of the vessel.

 

How is the ship supplied with electric power and lighting?

This is done by steam or diesel- powered generator.

 

What machinery is used to moor the ship and to handle cargo?

Mooring machinery includes winches and capstans; cargo-handling machinery includes winches and cranes.

 

What deck machinery do you know?

Deck machinery includes mooring equipment, anchor handling equipment, cargo handling equipment and hatch covers. Other items include life-boats and life-rafts, emergency equipment, watertight doors and bow thrusters.

 

What machinery provides for the ship safety?

Firefighting and fire detection equipment, audible alarms, lifeboat engines and launching gears provide the ship’s safety.

 

22. Who is responsible for auxiliary machinery?

Responsibility for efficient operation of auxiliary machinery is often delegated to a certain marine engineer. Engineer officers on tankers are also involved in operating the cargo pumping machinery

What types of separators are used on board the vessel?

The purpose of separators is to clean fluids. Depending on type of fluid there are two main types of separators used on board the vessel: fuel oil separator and oily-water separator. These separators use different cleaning methods.

 

What is marine fuel oil separator used for?

Marine fuel oil separator or mineral oil separator is used to clean the fuel or lube oils for a ship.

 

What are two operating modes of fuel oil separator?

A fuel oil separator can operate as a purifier or as a clarifier.

 

How does a purifier work?

A purifier separates three phases: solid particles (sludge) and two insoluble liquids (oil and water). There is an oil-water interface at the bowl discs. For correct oil-water interface position the gravity disc is used. A purifier needs to be filled completely with sealing water to prevent the oil to leave from the water outlet. A purifier is mainly used when sludge has to be separated from oil together with small quantities of water from sludge.

 

How does a clarifier work?

A clarifier separates two phases: solid particles (sludge) from a liquid (oil). In the clarifier mode the clarifier disc is fitted instead of gravity disc. There is no sealing water and no oil-water interface. The water outlet is simply blocked by level ring. In case there is some water it will be removed together with the sludge. This method is mostly used for residual fuel or after the purifier in the fuel line.

 

What is an air compressor?

An air compressor is a device that converts power (usually from an electric motor or a diesel engine) into kinetic energy by compressing and pressurizing air.

What are their purposes?

Main air compressor is used for supplying high pressurised air for starting of main and auxiliary engines.

Topping up compressor takes up the lead to cover up for the leakage in the system.

Deck air compressor is used for deck use and as service air compressor and might have a separate service air bottle for the same.

Emergency air compressor is used for starting auxiliary engine at the time of an emergency or when the main air compressor has failed for filling up the main air receiver.

 

What is a pump?

A pump is a machine used to raise liquids from a low point to a high point.

 

What is boiler?

A metal container or a tank for generating steam under pressure in a steam engine.

 

55. Describe simplified boiler arrangement.

The process of steam generation starts when water enters the steam drum. The water enters drum through the tubes surrounded the furnace. The feed water gets heated when passes through the tubes. The steam produced in the steam drum is known as saturated or wet steam. To make this steam usable, it is first dried and heated with the help of the superheater located within the boiler. Once all the moisture content is removed from the steam, the superheated steam can be supplied to other systems.

 

56. What are the types of boilers?

Watertube boiler, firetube boiler, waste-heat boiler, natural water circulation type boiler, forced water circulation type boiler, combine boiler plant, auxiliary boiler.

 

57. What is the difference between watertube and firetube boilers?

In firetube boiler water circulates in tubes heated externally by the fire. In watertube boiler the gases of combustion pass through the tubes that are surrounded by water.

 

58. What is the function of furnace?

A furnace provides a constant burning.

 

59. What may be done to increase efficiency of the boiler system?

To provide the efficient combustion, a certain set of conditions is necessary: maintenance of high furnace temperature, ensuring of continuous oil-fuel and air supply, removal products of combustion.

 

60. What types of propulsion plants can you name?

There are gas and steam turbine engines, diesel engines, nuclear power plants.

 

Перелік типових питань для судномеханіків