S t a r t e r A c t i v i t i e s

A Meeting people

S t a r t e r A c t i v i t i e s

1. Read the dialogues and guess who is speaking and where they are.

- Good afternoon, Miss Bright!

- Good afternoon, Mr. Johnson!

- How's life?

- No complaints. Thank you. How are things with you?

- Nothing to boast of. I have loads of work again.

- Sorry to hear that!

 

- Hi, Mike!

- Hey, Jack! Nice tracksuit!

- Oh, thank you. I jog in it every morning. How are you?

- I am fine, thanks. And you?

- Very much the same. Thank you.

 

- Good morning, Mrs. Tompson! Excuse my being late.

- Good morning, Peter. What was the problem?

- I was delayed by the traffic. May I come in?

- Yes, of course.

 

- Let me introduce myself to you. I am George Wiler.

- How do you do, Mr. Wiler. My name’s Ken Johnson.

- How do you do, Mr. Johnson. I’m a teacher of chemistry. What’s your trade?

- I am an agronomist from California.

- Pleased to know you, Mr. Johnson.

- Glad to get acquainted with you, Mr. Wiler.

Listen to these dialogues and repeat them. Pay special attention to the intonation and sentence stress. Act out the dialogues.

Make up your own dialogues using patterns from the dialogues.

* * *

G r a m m a r s t u d y

МЕСТОИМЕНИЯ (PRONOUNS)

Личные и притяжательные местоимения

(Personal & Possessive Pronouns)

Именительный падеж местоимений	Объектный падеж местоимений	Основная форма притяжат. местоимений*	Абсолютная форма притяжат. местоимений*
I	me	my	mine
you*	you	your	yours
he	him	his	his
she	her	her	hers
it	it	its	its
we	us	our	ours
you*	you	your	yours
they	them	their	theirs

*Примечание: после местоимения you глагол-сказуемое всегда стоит во множественном числе: You are a student. Ты студент.

Абсолютная форма притяжательных местоимений употребляется в тех случаях, когда за местоимением не стоит существительное.

This pen is hers. It is not mine. Эта ручка – её. Она не моя.

Указательные местоимения

(Demonstrative pronouns)

Единственное число	Множественное число
this [ðɪs] этот, эта, это	these [ðiːz] эти
that [ðæt] тот, та, то	those [ðəuz] те

МНОЖЕСТВЕННОЕ ЧИСЛО

СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫХ

Множественное число существительных, кроме тех, основа которых оканчивается на -ch, -s, -sh, -х, -о, об­разуется путем прибавления к основе окончания -s:

а bоу — boy s; а book — book s; а girl — girl s

Множественное число существительных, основа которых оканчивается на -ch, -s, -sh, -х, -о образуется путем прибавления окончания -еs:

а bench — benches	а bох — boxes
а bus — buses	а potato — potatoes
а glass — glasses

Существительные, оканчивающиеся на -у (после согласной) во множественном числе имеют окончание -ies:

а bаbу — bab ies а lady — lad ies

Существительные, оканчивающиеся на -у (после гласной) во множественном числе имеют окончание -s:

а bоу — boy s а toy — toy s

Если слово оканчивается на -f/-fе, то во множественном числе f меняется на v и добавляется -еs

а life — li ves а shelf — shel ves

а knife — kni ves

(исключения: roof – roofs, chief – chiefs, proof – proofs, handkerchief – handkerchiefs).

Ряд существительных образует множественное число не по общим правилам:

а) изменяется корневая гласная:

a man — men	a goose — geese
a woman — women	a tooth — teeth
a foot — feet	a mouse — mice

б) добавляется окончание -en:

a child — children an ox — oxen

в) заимствуются формы единственного и множественного числа из латинского и греческого языков:

а formula — formulae (formulas)	ап index — indices
а crisis — crises	а bacterium — bacteria
а criterion — criteria

В английском языке есть существительные, которые имеют одну (общую) форму для единственного и множественного числа:

a sheep — sheep	a fish — fish
a deer — deer	a swine — swine

Некоторые существительные могут употребляться в форме только единственного либо множественного числа. Только в единственном числе употребляются слова: money деньги, sugar сахар, hair волосы, business дело, information информация, сведения, progress прогресс, успехи news новость, новости, peace мир, love любовь, knowledge знание, знания, advice советы, furniture мебель, luggage багаж, fruit(s) фрукты

Только во множественном числе употребляются слова:

clothes одежда, goods товары, riches богатства, thanks благодарность,manners манеры

Существительные в форме множественного числа используются для обозначения предметов, состоящих из двух частей. Например: trousers брюки, pajamas пижама, glasses очки, binoculars бинокль, scissors ножницы, jeans джинсы, tights колготки, shorts шорты

ПРИТЯЖАТЕЛЬНЫЙ ПАДЕЖ

СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫХ

(Possessive Case)

Examples:

The child’s toys – the children’s toys

The boy’s books – the boys’ books

 

G r a m m a r p r a c t i c e

Translate into English.

1. Та книга не моя. 2. Эта книга – моя. 3. Это моя книга, а то – её. 4. Эти ее карандаши, а те – наши. 5. Возьмите те карандаши. Они новые.

6. Ваша ручка плохая, возьмите мою. 7. Эти книги мои, а те – их.

8. Мои книги интересные. 9. Это его сестра. 10. Они мои братья.

11. Это её стол. 12. Эта книга не моя, она твоя.

L i s t e n i n g

L a n g u a g e F o c u s

18. Study the following speech patterns. Read the translations and guess the meaning of the rest.

Let me introduce myself to you.	Разрешите представиться.
Let me introduce you to my father.
Let me do it for you.
Let me help you.
What is your trade?	Чем Вы занимаетесь?
What is your profession?
What is your occupation?
What are you?
Are you acquainted with Miss Flop?	Вы знакомы с мисс Флоп?
Is Miss Clark acquainted with Richard?
Do you want to get acquainted with Mr. Fox?
Are we acquainted?
I am sorry to here that.	Мне жаль это слышать.
I am glad to know you.
I am ready to help them.
I am happy to meet you.
There is nothing to boast of.	Хвастаться нечем.
There is nothing to complain of.
There is nothing to look at.
There is nothing to argue about.

 

S p e a k i n g

19. Read the following dialogues and spot speech patterns from ex. 13 in them. Act out the dialogues.

- Good morning, Mr. Flake. Let me introduce Benjamin Lark to you.

- How do you do, Mr. Flake! I am glad to meet you.

- How do you do, Mr. Lark! Pleased to know you. What is your occupation?

- I am a biochemist. What are you?

- Me too. I am pleased to know you.

- The pleasure is mine!

· · ·

 

- Alice, Are you acquainted with William Porter?

- I don’t think so.

- I want to introduce him to you. He’s very clever, well-educated and has good manners. … William, this is my sister Alice. Alice, meet William Porter.

- Hi, Alice!

- Hi, William! How are you?

- There is nothing to complain of. Thanks. How are you?

- Fine, thank you.

- What is your trade, Alice?

- I am a student. I study at London University. What about you?

- I am an economist.

This is your first year at university and there are a lot of new people around you. Would you like to get acquainted with them? Make up a conversation to meet a new person. Use the following words while speaking.

· Hi! / Good morning!	· Привет! / Доброе утро!
· I see.	· Понятно.
· I say, …..	· Послушай, …
· By the way, …	· Кстати, ….
· Really?	· Правда?
· That’s great!	· Здорово!
· Well,…	· Ну, …
· I hope to see you soon.	· Надеюсь, скоро увидимся.
· So long.	· Пока.
· Good bye.	· До свидания.
· See you.	· Увидимся.

* * *

C o u n t r y S t u d y

FORMS OF ADDRESS

Mr., Mrs., Ms, Miss.... What am I?

"Mr." is for a man. It used to be for an adult male and "Master" was used for children, but it isn't used much any more.

"Mrs." is an abbreviation for Misses and is used to denote a married woman.

“Miss” is not an abbreviation and, therefore, should never have a period after it. It is used to denote an unmarried woman.

"Ms" is also not an abbreviation and is used to denote a woman, married or unmarried. During the Women's Liberation movement of the early 1970s, it was thought that it was biased to give a title representing a woman's marital status whereas men have a title that does not reveal this information.

All these titles are used with the last name or with the full name (usually in formal written speech), but never with the first name of a person.

Other forms of address include:

Sir / Madam [sɜː] / ['mædəm]	are used to politely address a person whose name you don’t know
Officer	is used to address a policeman
Doctor	is used to address a doctor
Professor (with or without a surname)	to address a university lecturer
Dr. Brown	to address a scientist who has a PhD

 

Sometimes instead of addressing a person by name, the British prefer to say “Excuse me (please)?” (Извините). This phrase is also used to attract attention of a stranger.

Also to attract someone’s attention it is possible to say:

Pardon me….	Простите…
I say ….	Послушайте…
Look here…	Послушайте…(Минутку!)

 

To reply to any address you can simply say “Yes?” (Да? Я слушаю)

* * *

1B Personal details, please!

V o c a b u l a r y

Describing appearance

General

Positive: beautiful is generally used to describe women; handsome is used to describe men; good-looking is used for both; pretty is another positive word to describe a woman or a girl.

 

Negative: ugly is the most negative word to describe someone; plain is more polite.

 

Height and build

tall and slim medium height and build short and overweight very muscular

 

Hair

 

straight wavy curly

 

 

Speaking about the colour, we can say that the hair is blonde, light or dark brown, red, auburn, black and grey/white.

Adding some special features we can say if a person wears a beard or a moustache, has got a scar, a tattoo or a birthmark.

Now answer these questions.

1. How would you describe your build?

2. How tall are you?

3. What kind of hair have you got?

4. What colour is your hair?

5. Can you think of a famous woman you would describe as beautiful?

6. Can you think of a famous man you would describe as handsome?

Discuss

English proverb says “Appearances can be deceiving” and Gaelic proverb adds “Do not judge by appearances; a rich heart may be under a poor coat”. Do you agree? Why/Why not?

Describe a person everyone knows in great detail. Speak about his/her general appearance (height, weight, hair) and special features, such as a beard or a moustache. Let other students in your group guess who the person is.

* * *

Describing character

A Positive traits	B Negative traits
active	boastful, critical, selfish
ambitious	cold and unfriendly
attentive	dishonest
cheerful	horrible, unpleasant
clever, bright, smart	impractical
determined	inattentive
flexible	inflexible, stubborn
generous	insensitive
hard-working	lazy, undisciplined
honest	light-minded
kind	mean
nice, pleasant	miserable
optimistic	not very punctual, always late
patient	passive
polite	pessimistic
practical	risky
punctual	rude
relaxed and easy-going	self-assured
reliable, trustworthy	stupid, silly, dim
self-confident	tactless
sensitive	tense
strong	unambitious
tactful	unkind
timid	unreliable
warm and friendly	weak

Discussion.

1. Describe yourself using positive and negative qualities from the table. Is there a quality you do not have but would like to have? What, in your opinion, is the worst quality?

2. How would you describe persons in the situation represented in the picture below?

R e a d i n g

Pre-text exercises

31. Check if you remember the following verbs from the text:

to introduce, to finish, to try, to think, to say, to know, to find, to give, to swim, to walk, to take, to enjoy, to meet, to watch, to play, to agree, to change.

 

32. State to what part of speech the following words belong:

weigh, student, seventeen, am, always, should, passionate, skin, myself, boring, at, you, music, have, completely, years, take after, TV, a, dark-haired, my, watching.

33. Form the derivatives from the following words:

technology, interest, optimism, plays, overweight, person, conserve, outgoing, every, rely.

34. Read the following ideas of teenagers about their features of character and choose a person you would like to make friends with.

Alex

Let me introduce myself. I am Alex Sidorov. Alex is my first name and Sidorov is my surname. I am seventeen years old. In spring I finished school and now I am a student at Kazan National Research Technological University. This is my first year, I enjoy studying here and I do my best to get only “fives”.

I think I take after my father. I'm tall and medium build, in fact I am 1 metre 80 and I weigh about 75 kilos. I have got short red hair, brown eyes and freckles.

People say I am warm and friendly. I hope I am. I also think I am polite, cheerful and optimistic. I always try to be in a good mood.

 

Jane

I’m about one metre seventy, or something like that. So I am medium height. I’m overweight I think though my friends say I am not. I don’t know how much I weigh, ‘cause I always find it too depressing to weigh myself. I don’t think I take as much exercise as I should. I used to go to a gym, but I found it really boring. My main exercise is walking – I walk everywhere – and swimming, which is fine for giving you good stamina and it’s good for your heart, spine and lungs.

I have got dark skin and long straight black hair which I wear loose. I am calm. My hobbies are music and literature.

 

Oscar

I have quite an outgoing personality, really. I make friends very easily. I can mix quite well with people that I’ve never met before and with people from different walks of life. I like to be friendly to the people around me. My friends and I often spend time together watching movies and playing outdoor games.

I have a passionate interest in sports, especially football. I play football with my friends every weekend, and I watch all matches of my favourite football team Barcelona on TV.

I am a dark-haired guy with black eyes. I am honest and reliable and I value these qualities highly. I am a second-year student at Medical University.

Kate

Well, actually it is very difficult to speak about yourself, but I will try. I think that I am home-loving, kind and patient. I can get on well with people, because I always try to help them and they trust me. I am very active, although my parents say that I am lazy, because I don’t like to do the things they want me to do. Also I am very conservative, they say, and I completely agree with it. I never change anything in my life: ideas, principles, friends. And the proverb “Old friends are best friends” is my motto.

V o c a b u l a r y S t u d y

do one’s best	сделать всё возможное
take after	быть похожим на (своего близкого родственника)
freckles	веснушки
used to	имел обыкновение
stamina['stæmɪnə]	the ability to sustain prolonged physical or mental effort
loose	зд. распущенные (волосы)
mix with	общаться
walk of life	общественное положение
value ['væljuː]	Ø ценность, важность Ø дорожить, ценить
actually ['ækʧuəlɪ]	фактически, на самом деле, в действительности
get on well with	хорошо ладить
conservative [kən'sɜːvətɪv]	консервативный, противящийся новому
motto	девиз, лозунг

A Meeting people

S t a r t e r A c t i v i t i e s

1. Read the dialogues and guess who is speaking and where they are.

- Good afternoon, Miss Bright!

- Good afternoon, Mr. Johnson!

- How's life?

- No complaints. Thank you. How are things with you?

- Nothing to boast of. I have loads of work again.

- Sorry to hear that!

 

- Hi, Mike!

- Hey, Jack! Nice tracksuit!

- Oh, thank you. I jog in it every morning. How are you?

- I am fine, thanks. And you?

- Very much the same. Thank you.

 

- Good morning, Mrs. Tompson! Excuse my being late.

- Good morning, Peter. What was the problem?

- I was delayed by the traffic. May I come in?

- Yes, of course.

 

- Let me introduce myself to you. I am George Wiler.

- How do you do, Mr. Wiler. My name’s Ken Johnson.

- How do you do, Mr. Johnson. I’m a teacher of chemistry. What’s your trade?

- I am an agronomist from California.

- Pleased to know you, Mr. Johnson.

- Glad to get acquainted with you, Mr. Wiler.