Theme 15. Ecological safety as an aspect of health and safety. environmental safety of life concept.

1. The concept of environmental safety.

2. Main tasks of the environmental safety.

3. Main principles that provides environmental safety.

4. Scientific support that provides environmental safety.

 

1. The main sources that pollute the environment and cause degradation of natural systems are:industry, agriculture, road transport and other anthropogenic factors.

The aim of environmental safety. In most regions of our country environmental situation not only unfortunate, but also catastrophic. The goal of the state policy in the field of environmental safety is to ensure the protection of natural systems, vital interests of society and the rights of individuals against threats arising from man-made and natural impacts on the environment.

 

2. Main tasks of the environmental safety:

- the elimination and prevention of historical pollution, air pollution, radioactive, bacteriological and chemical contamination, including cross-border pollution;

- Reducing the anthropogenic impact, leading to climate change and the destruction of the ozone layer;

- Prevention of pollution in water ecosystems prevention of emergency situations of natural and technogenic origin;

- Prevention of pollution and depletion of water resources reduction of industrial and domestic waste’s accumulation volumes;

- Rehabilitation of ecological disaster zones, landfills military space and test complexes;

- Biodiversity conservation and prevention of desertification and land degradation

 

The solving of above mentioned tasks is achieved due to:

• Improvement and systematization of legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;

• Optimization of permissive environmental management system and environmental impact assessment;

• Development of scientific research in the field of environmental protection;

• Expansion of international cooperation.

 

3. Main principles that provides environmental safety are mandatory compensation caused by damage to the environment and human health; ecological and economic balance of development and placement of productive forces (the principles of environmental capacity and land use planning); mandatory assessment of the impact of economic and other activity on the environment, followed by environmental and sanitary-epidemiological expertise; ensuring public access to environmental information and public participation in environmental issues; partnership in international cooperation and international law.

The main areas of environmental security is greening the economy, law and society.

Development of state control in the field of environmental protection system should be directed to: a clear definition of responsibilities at all levels of action for the implementation of environmental protection measures; mandatory implementation of production control as an important tool of environmental management system provide legal and social guarantees for officials responsible for control in the field of environmental protection and nature conservation.

 

4. Scientific support of Environmental Safety provides development of tools and techniques for the prevention and elimination of pollution, environmental remediation and disposal of hazardous waste; definition of environmental capacity of natural systems and the extent of their sustainability, including in agriculture; development of scientific bases of determining the environmental risks; development of environmentally-friendly and resource-saving technologies, production, raw materials, materials, products and equipment.

Expansion of international cooperation gives an opportunity to:

• development of common approaches, methodologies, criteria and quality assessment procedures and controls state of the environment;

• practical implementation of the provisions of international agreements;

• conducting coordinated fundamental and applied environmental research;

• activation of raising funds of international organizations on specific programs and environmental projects and sustainable development of the country.