Passive voice Страдательный залог

Active Voice Passive Voice

He often tells stories. He is always toldstories. Он часто рассказывает истории. Ему всегда рассказывают истории.   He often told stories. He was always told stories. Он часто рассказывал истории. Ему часто рассказывали истории.   He will often tell stories. He will be told stories Он часто будет рассказывать истории. Ему часто будут рассказывать истории.

В форме страдательного залога могут быть только переходные глаголы, т.е. глаголы, после которых в действительном залоге стоит прямое дополнение.

Образование

I He/she/it We/you/they I/he/she/it We/you/they I/we/he/she/you/they

am told is told are told was told were told will be told

Мне рассказывают Ему/ей рассказывают Нам/вам/им рассказывают Мне/ему/ей рассказывали Нам/вам/им рассказывали Мне/нам/ему/ей/вам/им будут рассказывать

Употребление

tense	active	passive
present simple	….. makes	…..is made
past simple	….. made	…..was made
future simple	…..will make	…..will be made
present progressive	…..is making	…… is being made
past progressive	…..was making	…… was being made
present perfect	…..has made	……has been made
past perfect	…..had made	……had been made
future perfect	…..will have made	……will have been made
Future (going to)	…..is going to make	…..is going to be made

В страдательном залоге часто употребляются Present, Past, Future Simple.

Формы Present, Past, Future Perfect, Present, Past Progressive встречаются реже.

Формы глаголов Future Progressive, а также всех времен группы Perfect Progressive в страдательном залоге не употребляются.

 

Change the sentences from Active to Passive.

1. They grow a lot of oranges in Sicily.

A lot of oranges are grown in Sicily.

2. People borrow lots of books from the library every day.

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3. They print the books in Hong Kong.

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4. They don’t use artificial colouring in these sweets.

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5. They make parmesan cheese near Parma.

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6. They wrote this poem two thousand years ago.

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7. They speak English and German here.

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8. They will build MINI cars in oxford.

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Choose the correct alternative.

1. The arrangements has been/had been made before I arrived.

2. Their wedding has been/had been announced before I knew about it.

3. The results have been/were given last night.

4. Our lunch is being / is cooked now.

5. The match wasn’t /wasn’t being played when we arrived.

6. Our house was/had been built in 2005.

9. Tick (˅) the correct sentences and correct the sentences that contain mistakes.

1. □ Glass bottles is made in that factory. __________________________

2. □ Cocoa is produced in West Africa. __________________________

3. □ The bread is been baked now. __________________________

4. □ The wheel was invented a long time ago. __________________________

5. □ New laws were being introduced when I was in Egypt.___________________

6. □ The motor car wasn’t widely use before 1950. _______________________

Translate sentences from Russian into English.

1. Университет был основан в 1944 г.

2. В настоящее время университет возглавляется профессором Вагиным.

3. Учебные аудитории оснащены современным оборудованием.

4. В университете введена многоуровневая система.

5. Выпускникам присваивается степень бакалавра наук, магистра наук.

6. Студенты зачисляются в университет согласно результатам ЕГЭ.

7. Содержание предметов определяется по государственным стандартам.

8. Все предметы группируются по областям.

9. Учебный год делится на семестры и сессии.

 

Write a new sentence with the same meaning.

1. Somebody has stolen my keys. My keys have been stolen.

2. Somebody stole my car last week. My car…………….

3. Somebody wants you on the phone. You……………..

4. Somebody has eaten the bananas. The………………..

5. Somebody will repair the machine. The……………….

6. Somebody is watching us. We ………………………..

7. Somebody has to buy the food. The …………………..

 

 

Complete the sentences.

1. We were invited (invite) to the party but we didn’t go.

2. The museum is very popular. Every year it ………………. (visit) by thousands of people.

3. Many buildings …………. (damage) in the storm last week.

4. A new road is going to ……………. (build) next year.

5. “Where is your jacket?” “It …………… (clean). It will be ready tomorrow.”

6. She is famous now. But in a few years her name will ………………. (forget).

7. “Shall I do the washing up?” No, it ……………….. (already /do).

8. Milk should ……………… (keep) in a fridge.

9. ……………………… you/ ever /bite by a snake.

10. My bag ……………. (steal) from my car yesterday afternoon.

 

UNIT 3.