The Future Simple Tense (Простое будущее время)

В английском языке существует ряд возможностей для выражения действия в будущем времени, в том числе:

1. Future Simple
2. Оборот to be going to
3. Present Continuous

 

1. Future Simple употребляется для выражения действия, которое произойдет в будущем, а также для выражения спонтанного решения, намерения

We will send them the invitation only in a week. Мы пошлем им приглашение только через неделю.

I forgot to phone Jane. I’ll phone her now. Я забыл позвонить Джейн. Сейчас я ей позвоню.

Для образования Future Simple в современном английском языке, в основном, используется вспомогательный глагол will для всех лиц единственного и множественного числа.

В разговорной речи часто употребляются сокращенные формы:

I will = I’ll we will = we’ll

you will = you’ll you will = you’ll

he will = he’ll they will = they’ll

she will = she’ll

it will = it’ll

 

	I, HE, SHE, IT, WE, YOU, THEY
Утвердительная форма	She willcome They will come Не will be late
Вопросительная форма	Willshe come? - Yes, she will / No she won’t Will they come? - Yes, they will/ No they won’t Will he be late? - Yes, he will/ No he won’t
Отрицательная форма	She will not(won’t) come. They will not(won’t) come. He will not(won’t) be late.

 

Для выражения будущего действия часто употребляются следующие обстоятельства времени:

tomorrow - завтра

tomorrow morning (evening, night, …) - завтра утром (вечером, ночью)

the day after tomorrow - послезавтра

in a week (a day, a few days, a month, a year,) - через неделю (день, несколько дней, месяц, год,)

next week (year…) - на следующей неделе (в следующем году)

soon - скоро

one of these days - на днях

in 2015 - в 2015 году

 

 

Для выражения спонтанного решения, намерения, как правило, используются следующие слова и выражения:

 

probably I’ll probably be home at about 7 o’clock.

maybe Maybe I’ll write to her.

perhaps Perhaps he won’t come.

I expect I expect he’ll phone this evening.

(I’m) sure Don’t worry. I’m sure they’ll agree to our terms.

(I’m) not sure I’m not they’ll get married.

(I) think Do you think it will rain.

(I) don’t think I don’t think the test will be very difficult.

(I) hope Tom will like the present we bought for him.

 

Глагол shall употребляется говорящим в том случае, когда спрашивают мнение собеседника, предлагают что-то сделать и т.д.:

Shall I open the window?

Shall I buy this jacket?

Shall I call for you?

What time shall I phone you?

Глагол will может употребляться в вопросительных предложениях для выражения вежливой просьбы или приглашения:

Will you, please, turn the radio down?

Will you pass me the salt, please?

Pass me the salt, will you?

Will you take the part in our discussion?

 

2. Оборот to be going to (собираться что-либо сделать) употребляется для выражения заранее намеченного действия в недалеком будущем.

She is going to buy a small cottage in the country.

I’m going to buy a new car.

When are you going to visit Mr.Brown?

Look at those black clouds. It’s going to rain.

What are you going to do on Saturday?

This food is awful. I’m not going to eat it.

Оборот to be going to, как правило, не употребляется с to go, to come и некоторыми другими глаголами движения. В таких предложениях для выражения действия в ближайшем будущем употребляется Present Continuous.

 

3. Present Continuous употребляется для выражения запланированных действий в ближайшем будущем, когда речь идет о личных планах. (Образование и употребление форм Present Continuous см. стр.).

What are you doing next Saturday?

I can’t meet you tomorrow. I’m visiting our productive plant.

Is John leaving tonight?

When are your parents arriving?

Sorry, I’m busy on Monday. I’m playing tennis.

 

Когда речь идет о расписании транспорта, программе концерта, сеансов в кинотеатре и т.п., для выражения действия в ближайшем будущем употребляется Present Simple.

What time does the train leave?

The train leaves at 6.40.

When does the concert start?

The film begins at 17.30.

The exhibition finishes on 7 April.

 

Упражнения

I. Образуйте общие вопросы и отрицательные предложения в Future Simple.

1. She will meet the customer after lunch.

2. The company will produce new goods next year.

3. Mrs. White will contact you tomorrow morning.

4. It will be possible to buy these goods on-line soon.

5. They will be back from a business trip next Friday.

6. The company will expand in the future.

5. They will sign the contract in a week.

6. He will start the business soon.

10. We will send you the catalogue tomorrow.

 

II. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в Present Continuous или Future Simple.

1. I probably (go) to the manufacturing plant on Wednesday.

2. I’m sure our partners (accept) our terms.

3. I’m too tired to look through all the documents. – Don’t worry. I (help) you.

4. We (meet) the Chinese delegation at the airport tomorrow at 10.00 a.m.

5. Have you faxed the contract? - Oh, sorry. I’ve forgotten. I (fax) it in a minute.

6. We (introduce) a new model into the world market next week.

7. I think we (establish) good relations with your company in the future.

8. Did you phone Mr. Bell? - Oh, no. The line was busy. I (phone) him a bit later.

9. The manager (leave) for Ottawa in a day.

10. I (meet) my customers in the office at 2 o’clock.

11. I hope our business relations (change) for the better.

12. The repairman (come) to fix the fax machine tomorrow

13. I’m afraid I (not have) enough time to check the orders.

14. I hope we (sign) the contract tomorrow.

 

III. Выберите правильную форму глагола.

1. We’ ll go/we’re going to the restaurant tonight. We have booked a table.

2. What will you do/ are you doing tomorrow evening? - Nothing, I’m free.

3. The manager will leave/is leaving Moscow tomorrow morning. His train is at 9.30.

4. I’m sure they will give/are giving us a discount. The order is large.

5. Do you think the customer will place/is placing an order with us?

6. Steve can’t meet us on Saturday. He’ ll work/ is working.

7. I will phone / phone/ you tomorrow. OK?

8. I haven’t studied the prices yet. I I’ll do/ do it later.

9. They will buy/ are going to buy a new model of car. They told me last week.

10. This is a letter for Mr. Grey. OK. I’ll give/I’m going to give it to him.

 

Section B

Text A

BOOTS – LEADING THE HEALTH AND BEAUTY MARKET

 

BOOTS

Boots The Chemist is the UK’s leading retailer of health and beauty products. It has more than 1,400 stores in the UK, from small pharmacies to large city centre department stores, and one in three people in the UK shops at Boots every week. It sells mainly medicines, toiletries, cosmetics, baby products. More than 50% of its sales are of Boots own-brand products.

INTERNATIONAL EXPANSION

Since 1997 Boots has expanded overseas and now it has more than 55 stores outside the UK. In Thailand, it has opened 52 stores since 1997 and it plans to open 100 more. In Tokyo, Boots has three stores at present and it believes its business there will expand in the future because Japan is the world’s second-largest market for health and beauty products in the world. In April 2000 it opened its first store in Taiwan.

FUTURE E-BUSINESS

Boots has created a new TV/ Internet company with Granada Media, Europe’s leading commercial TV production company. They hope it will become Britain’s no.1 e-business for health, beauty and fitness. It offers customers a choice of access – digital TV, PC, laptop or mobile phone. It will be a two-way, interactive channel so it will be possible for customers to get information about products and advice on all questions about health, beauty and fitness.

 

Vocabulary

access n – доступ

beauty n – красота

believe v – верить, считать, думать

own-brand – торговая марка розничной сети

choice n – выбор

commercial a – коммерческий

create v – создавать

digital a – цифровой

e-business n – Интернет-бизнес

expand v – расширяться, развиваться

get v – получать

health n – здоровье

laptop n - ноутбук

leading a – ведущий

medicine n – лекарство

one in three – один из трех, каждый третий

outside prep – вне, за пределами

overseas adv – за границей

pharmacy n – аптека

product n – продукт, товар

production company – производящая компания, производственная фирма

retailer n – розничный торговец

second-largest a – второй по величине

shop v – покупать

store n – магазин

department store – универсальный магазин

toiletry n – туалетные принадлежности

two-way a – двусторонний

 

Exercises

I. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.

1. What kind of goods does Boots sell?

2. How many stores does the company have in Britain?

3. What types of stores are they?

4. Do many people in Britain buy goods at Boots?

5. How many own-brand products does Boots sell?

6. In what countries does Boots have stores?

7. Why do they hope to expand in Japan?

8. How does Boots use modern technologies?

9. What services will the Internet company offer?