Translate the following Participles into Еnglish.

Продолжив путь в условиях плохой видимости, в случае отсутствия светофора, приняв решение, исчезнув смета происшествия, обеспечивая безопасность на дорогах, организовав работу постов, проинформировав о месте работы вертолета, убедившись в правдивости его слов, обнаружив украденные транспортные средства, следуя основным правилам (требованиям), приближающее транспортное средство с включенными фарами, оценив опасность, остановившись на обочине, принимая во внимание сигналы регулировщика, увеличив скорость, оценив ситуацию на проезжей части.

 

Choose the correct answer.

 

1. Pedestrians must move along:

a) Pavements;

b) Bicycle lane;

c) The edge of traffic way.

2. Persons moving in invalid carriages can move along:

a) Waysides;

b) Foot paths;

c) Roads with separating strip.

3. Pedestrians must:

a) Go towards the moving transport means;

b) Follow the direction of transport means.

4. Groups of children are accompanied by:

a) Parents;

b) Policeman;

c) Adults.

5. Where can you receive statement about studying persons?

a) At the social agency;

b) Local government;

c) Educational establishments.

6. Where can you receive conclusion about the necessity of additional nursing?

a) At medical establishment;

b) At Court;

c) At the employment service.

7. What is necessary for calculation of lost income compensation?

a) Birth certificate of a child;

b) Dead certificate of the died in the road traffic accident;

c) Amount of earning.

8. Additional expenses are:

a) Expenses for rest;

b) Prosthetic repair;

c) Purchase of car.

9. How many persons must be in every row of columns?

a) Not more than 5;

b) Not more than 3;

c) Not more than 4.

10. Pedestrians must cross the traffic way along:

a) Pedestrians subways and overpasses;

b) Outside edge of the traffic way;

c) Waysides.

III. Passing at restrictive signal of traffic light or at restrictive motion of regulator.

Vocabulary to be remembered.

Restrictive motion	запрещающий жест
Regulator	регулировщик
Foresee	предвидеть, предусмотреть
Marking	разметка
Distinction mark	отличительный знак
Employees of traffic operational service	работники дорожно- эксплуатационных служб
Attendant	дежурный
Ferry site	паромная переправа
Emergency braking	экстренное торможение
Crossing traffic way	пересекаемая проезжая часть
Baton	жезл

Read and translate the text paying attention to the vocabulary.

 

1. The object of administrative violation is traffic safety. To provide traffic safety, regulation of transport means traffic using traffic light signals and regulator's motions are foreseen by Traffic Rules. Drivers must follow requirements of regulator even if they differ from traffic light signals, traffic signs and marking requirements.

Regulator is a person authorized to regulate traffic and to fulfill this regulation with the help of signals, established by Rules. Regulator must wear uniform or have distinction mark and equipment. Regulators are police and traffic control police employees and also employees of traffic operational service, attendants at railway-crossings and ferry sites at the same time fulfilling their professional duties.

2. The objective aspect of violation is revealed in passing at restrictive signal of traffic light or at restrictive motion of regulator.

Restrictive signal of traffic light is understood as yellow signal which prohibits movement except the cases when drivers are allowed to further movement if they cannot stop and don't use emergency braking in the places defined by paragraph 6.13 of the Rules. Thus according to paragraph 6.13 at restrictive signal of traffic light (except reverse) or restrictive motion of regulator drivers must stop in front of stop line (sign 5.33), and in case of its absence drivers must stop at cross­road in front of crossing traffic way (taking into account paragraph 13.7 of the Rules) without causing troubles to pedestrians.

Restrictive motion of regulator is expressed in raising arm upward. Regulator can give other signals understandable for drivers and pedestrians by motions of arms. For better visibility of signals regulator can use baton or red signal disk (with cat's-eye). Requirement to stop transport means is given with the help of loud-speaker or by arm motion, directed to transport means; the driver must stop at a noted place.

According to the law violation has formal elements of a crime and is considered to be finished at the moment of passing at restrictive signal of traffic light or at restrictive motion of regulator.

Responsibility for passing at restrictive signal of traffic light or at restrictive motion of regulator in front of railway-crossing is established by part 1 of article 12.10 of the present Code (see commentary).

 

3. Answer the questions:

1. What is the object of administrative violation?

2. What provides traffic safety?

3. Must drivers always follow the requirements of regulator?

4. In which cases are the drivers allowed to further movement?

5. Where must the drivers stop according to paragraph 6.13?

6. What does raising arm mean?

7. Who must understand regulator except drivers?

8. What can be used for better visibility?

9. What does red signal prohibit?

10. In which cases can drivers use emergency braking?

 

Try to guess the meaning of the following words and word combination

Causing troubles to pedestrians, attendants, loud-speaker, distinction mark, baton, in front of railway-crossing, to establish, responsibility, emergency braking, to fulfill professional duties, ferry sites, except those cases, violation, employees of traffic operational service, prohibit further movement, taking into account, fulfilling their professional duties.

 

Try to guess the meaning of the following words and word combinations.

Безопасность движения, разметка, умышленно, запрещающий сигнал, правонарушения, понятные для пешеходов, жезл, запрещающий жест регулировщика, паромные переправы, работники дорожно-эксплуатационных служб, переезд, экстренное торможение.

 

Translate the following Participles into Еnglish.

Имея опознавательный знак, выражая свое собственное мнение (мысли, недовольство), подняв руку вверх, обеспечивая безопасность движения. определив действия как правонарушение, используя экстренное торможение, помогая регулировщику, обратив внимание на действия регулировщика, переходя дорогу на запрещающий знак светофора, принимая во внимание, выполняя профессиональные обязанности, не мешая пешеходам.

PRACTICE

 

MAKING CONNECTIONS

 

7. Match the phrases. Then make sentebces with so, because, and or .but.

a	traffic	arm
	Restrictive	means
	Transport	signal
	Noted	motion
	raising	braking
	Emergency	light
	Restrictive	place
b	to fulfill	at crossing – road
	to use	requirements
	to follow	distinctive mark
	to wear	duties
	to have	troubles
	to cause	baton
	to stop	uniform

8. Using suffixes -ment-, -tion-, -ty- give the nouns which are related to the following verbs.

 

require	define	identify
move	establish	realize
Safe	violate	cooperate
determine	coordinate	eliminate
regulate	direct	inform