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Read the following passage carefully:



ЗбХЭ ЗбЛЗбЛ ЗбЛЗджн

Unit 6

 

 

2021 - 2020

 

                                                                 

UNI T    6                                                         

 

Definitions:

examine (v) нЭНХ To look at something carefully in order to find out something
launch (v/n) нхШбЮ Send a spaceship into the sky
leak (n) КУСИ A small hole that liquid or gas gets out through
mission (n) гегЙ An important job that someone has been given to do
Distance гУЗЭЙ The amount of space between two places or things
gravity (n) ЗбМЗРИнЙ The force that makes objects fall to the ground
Anniversary РЯСн УджнЙ                    A date which is remembered because something important happened on that date in a previous year
side effect ГЛС МЗдИн The bad or unwanted effect something such as medicine has on your body
spin (v) нПжС To turn round and round very quickly
Orbit нПжС Нжб Move around something
Horrible ЭЩнЪ/ФднЪ Very unpleasant or unkind
Giant ЦОг/ЪгбЗЮ Much larger than other things of the same type
Tourism ЗбУнЗНЙ When people ravel to a place on holiday
Representative гдПжИ/ггЛб    Someone who is chosen to do things, speak, vote etc. for someone else
Weightless ИбЗжТд Having no weight, especially when you are floating in space
Hopeful гКЭЗЖб If you’re hopeful about a situation, you think that something good will probably happen

More Vocabulary:

examine нЭНХ secret УЬЬС
launch нШбЮ / ЕШбЗЮ system дЩЗг / МеЗТ
leak КУСхИ / нКУСИ / нхУСИ гЪбжгЗК (ббХНЗЭЙ гЛбЗ) currently НЗбнЗ / Эн ЗбжЮК ЗбНЗбн
gravity ЗбМЗРИнЙ / ОШжСЙ gymnastics ГбЪЗИ ЗбМгИЗТ
side effects ВЛЗС МЗдИнЙ spin = revolve нПжС ИУСЪЙ (Нжб гНжСе) / нЫТб (ЗбЮШд)/нМЪб ФнБ нПжС

 

spokes ГУбЗЯ (ЮЦИЗд) distance гУЗЭЙ / ИЪП
weightless гдЪПг ЗбжТд land неИШ / ГСЦ
take off КхЮбЪ (ЗбШЗЖСЙ)/ нОбЪ(ббгбЗИУ) improve нхНУд / нКНУд
benefit нхЭнП / нУКЭнП / ЭЗЖПЙ astronaut СЗЖП ЭЦЗБ
repair = mend - fix нХбН space walk ЗбУнС Эн ЗбЭЦЗБ
a space station гНШЙ ЭЦЗЖнЙ a spaceship УЭндЙ ЭЦЗБ
location гжЮЪ temperature ПСМЙ ЗбНСЗСЙ
control system дЩЗг ЗбКНЯг main СЖнУн
certainly ИЗбКГЯнП probably гд ЗбгНКгб
date КЗСнО / ИбН happen = occur нНПхЛ
anniversary РЯСн УджнЙ representative гдПжИ / ггЛб
organisation гдЩгЙ / КдЩнг orbit = move around = circle нПжС Нжб
rocket ХЗСжО height ЗСКЭЗЪ
giant ЪгбЗЮ / ЦОг compare нхЮЗСд
comparison гЮЗСдЙ modern technology ЗбКЯджбжМнЗ ЗбНПнЛЙ
communications ЗКХЗбЗК transport ЗбдЮб / ЗбгжЗХбЗК
education ЗбКЪбнг satellite ЮгС ХдЗЪн / КЗИЪ
global warming ЗбЗНКИЗУ ЗбНСЗСн climate change ЗбКЫнС ЗбгдЗОн
a waste of money гЦнЪЙ ббгЗб a waste of time гЦнЪЙ ббжЮК
aeroplane = airplane ШЗЖСЙ air conditioning КЯннЭ ЗбежЗБ
password ЯбгЙ ЗбУС petrol tank ОТЗд ЗбжЮжП
fuel pump гЦОЙ ЗбжЮжП arrangements КСКнИЗК
physical exercises КгЗСнд ИПднЙ perform нДПн
metal bar ЮЦнИ гЪПдн connect нжХб
result дКнМЙ activity дФЗШ
object ФнБ keep fit нНЗЭЩ Ъбн ЗббнЗЮЙ ЗбИПднЙ
nausea ЗбЫЛнЗд vomiting ЗбЮнБ
dizziness ЗбПжОЙ dizzy ПЗЖО
worn out гСеЮ lethargy ЗбЯУб
deterioration КПежС skeleton енЯб ЪЩгн
blood cells ОбЗнЗ ЗбПг weakness ЦЪЭ
the immune system МеЗТ ЗбгдЗЪЙ indispensable бЗ Ыдн ЪдеЗ
minerals гЪЗПд space exploration ЗУКЯФЗЭ ЗбЭЦЗБ
medical test ЗОКИЗС ШИн surgery МСЗНЙ / ЪнЗПЙ
available гКЗН / гКжЗЭС e-learning ЗбКЪбг Ъд ШСнЮ ЗбЯгИнжКС / ЗбКЪбнг ЗбЗбЯКСждн
security Ггд equipment гЪПЗК / ГМеТЙ
replacement ИПнб questionnaire ЗУКИнЗд / ЗУКШбЗЪ СГн
repeat нЯСС repetition КЯСЗС
describe нХЭ description жХЭ
horizons ВЭЗЮ flourish нТПеС
with regard to ЭнгЗ нКЪбЮ ИЬ human rights НЮжЮ ЗбЕдУЗд
war victims ЦНЗнЗ ЗбНСжИ opponent гЪЗСЦ
supporter гДнП non-governmental ЫнС НЯжгн
weightlessness ЗдЪПЗг ЗбжТд horrible ЭЩнЪ / СенИ
experts ОИСЗБ materials гжЗП

The Listening Text:

Interviewer: Thank you for coming into the studio this morning. Could you start by telling the listeners what you’re doing this week?

Astronaut: Well, this is a very special week for me. Tomorrow afternoon, I’m being taken with two other astronauts to a secret location. The spaceship launches at 7.50 the next evening.

 

Interviewer: How exciting! How long does it take to reach the Space Station?

 

Astronaut: It takes about six hours. I’m really looking forward to it.

 

Interviewer: What is your mission, exactly?

 

Astronaut: There are two or three little things that need to be looked at on the International Space Station, but the main problem is the temperature control system. We think there may be a leak of some kind.

 

Interviewer: Is that a problem?

 

Astronaut: We don’t think so. We think it will be repaired quite quickly.

 

Interviewer: Is it a difficult job?

 

Astronaut: No, not particularly, but we’ll almost certainly need to spend some time working outside.

 

Interviewer: Do you mean a spacewalk?

 

Astronaut: Yes, maybe, but we won’t know until we’re there. Then all the equipment will be examined.

 

Interviewer: Isn’t that really dangerous?

 

Astronaut: Not really. We’re given a lot of training. We’re told exactly what to do in these situations when we will be weightless in space.

 

Interviewer: How long will you be in space for?

 

Astronaut: We’ll probably be there for about five or six days. It depends on how serious the problems are.

 

Interviewer: I’m sure you’ll be interviewed by a lot of journalists after your mission, but we’d love to talk to you again when you get back!

 

Astronaut: I’d be happy to.

 

Interviewer: Thank you.

Exercises on Grammar

Choose the correct answer:

1- New regulations (will be introduced – was introduced – has been introduced – were introduced) next spring.

2- They (could not have been made - could not have made – could not make – may not have been made) the mistake.

3- I hope I (am going to hire – will hire – am going to be hired – am hiring) soon.

4- That car looks as if it has never been washed.

5- A broad smile (is appeared – was appeared – has been appeared – appeared) on her face.

6- If I were you, I (would contact – would be contacted – will be contacted – have been contacted) a lawyer.

7- Unfortunately, the budget (won't be approved - has not been approved – hadn't been approved – is not being approved) yet.

8- The performance (happens – happened – was happening – is happening) right now. Let’s go.

9- I’ll be happy if our plan (is succeeded – was succeeded – succeeds – is succeeding).

10- The goods (transport - are transported – was transported – has been transported) to our house in the Midlands every Friday.

11- I remember (to give - being given – to be given – have been given) a prize at school when I was ten.

12- The company hired him in in 2017, but he (got fired – was firing – fired – to fire) last month.

13- I hate (being given – to give – to have given – am given) orders by anyone.

14- The carpet in the living room needs (to clean – to have cleaned – cleaning – cleaned).

15- He let himself (was – is – was being – be) tricked by his friends.

16- As we speak the suspect (is being questioned – is questioning – was being questioned – had been questioned) by the police.

17- The space probe Explorer (launching - was launched – is launched – has been launched) from Cape Canaveral last year.

18- Breakfast (is not serving – does not serve – won't serve - is not served) in this hotel before 7 am.

19- A lot of meetings (have been held – have held – will be held – are holding) but nothing has been decided yet.

20- Nothing (is seen – sees - has been seen – can be seen) of Nora since her car accident last spring

21- I’m (to take - being taken – taking – to taking) with two other astronauts to a secret location.       

22- There are two or three little things that need (to be looked – to looking – to being looked – looks) at.     

23- All the equipment (will be examining – will examine - will be examined – have to be examined).    

24- We (are telling - are told – will tell – be told) exactly what to do in these situations.      

25- I’m sure you’ll be (interview – interviewing - interviewed – interviews) by a lot of journalists after your mission.

26- A lot of photos of the astronauts (are being taken – will take – should take – to take).  

27- A lot is always (learning – to learn – be learned – learned) from space missions.           

28- A new space station will probably be (built – building – to build – builds) in the future.

29- Many astronauts from many countries (will be sending – will send - will be sent – sent) into space.

30- They could (be flown – to fly – flies – to be flying) into space in special rockets.

31- The hotel rooms (have been decorated – were decorated - will be decorated – are decorating) next month.

32- The internet (is using - is used – has used – had used) everywhere.

33- My car needs (to be repaired - to repair – to be repairing – repaired).

34- Let’s hurry; the plane is going to (take - be taken – taking – takes) off.

35- A lot of fast food is (selling – to sell - sold – sell) every day

36- English (speaks – has spoken – had spoken - is spoken) everywhere.                         

37- Is the exercise (being done – to being done – will be done – doing) now?                          

38- I think fewer letters (will write - will be written – are written – are being written) in the future.  

39- School rules (are having – has to - have to – will have) be followed.                                   

40- Could your maths problem (solve – solved – will solve - be solved)?

41- There is a hole in the roof, which needs to be (look – looks – looking – looked) at.              

42- Your homework (were marked - will be marked – have been marked – are being marked) tomorrow.                        

43- All the students (had been given – were given – have given - are given) a lot of training before they sail the boats.                 

44- The TV programme about space (is to show – is showing - is being shown – was shown) at the moment.

45- He (was told - will be told – has been told – had been told) where to park the car when he gets there.

46- The amount of energy that we use every year (must reduce – must be reducing - must be reduced – will reduce).

47- Meat (should be cooked – will cook – is cooking – be cooked) well before you eat it.

48- The animals (are feeding – feed – feeding - are fed) every morning.

49- The windows are going to be (cleans – cleaning – cleaned – have cleaned) today.

50- When you arrive at the hotel, you (will show – showing - will be shown – were shown) to your room.

51- Many new ways of saving energy (are being developed – develop – developing – have been developed) by scientists at the moment.

52- I've seen the plans. Two new hotels (are building – were built – will have built - are going to be built) near the beach next year.

53- Don't put those old batteries in the bin. They (should take – take – are taking - should be taken) to a special place.

54- An old factory (is being seen – can see - can be seen – should see) from my classroom window.

55- This criminal (is known – can know – knows – is knowing) to police in five different countries.

56- If my car (damages – will damage – has damaged - is damaged) by you, you'll pay for the repairs.

57- The films of Charlie Chaplin (are being loved - are loved – will love – can love) all over the world.

58- The new factory will open next July and the company says that over 250 employees (needed – need – are needing - are needed) initially. Эн ЗбИПЗнЙ

59- (Getting paid – Having paid - to pay - has paid) for a job you enjoy doing must be the definition of a happy life.

60- The table is usually (setting –to set - set – has been set) by Sally.

61- We (are driven – drive – are driving – to drive) to school by my uncle.

62- I'm staying with my sister this week as my flat (is decorated - is being decorated - was decorated – has been decorated).

63- The bus (to stop – stopped – is stopping – is being stopped) at the bus stop and more passengers got on.

64- The accident (was happened – happened – was happening – had been happened) just before 10 a.m.

65- The accounts of this company (checked – have checked – is being checked - are checked) regularly twice a month by a tax expert.

66- All the goods we bought yesterday have defects. So they (are sending - are being sent – will send – will be sending) back to the manufacturer right now.

67- I had better follow the diet my doctor (has prescribed – is prescribed – has been prescribed – was prescribed) or I'll gain weight.

68- A lot of money (are spent – spent – have been sent - is spent) on weapons nowadays.

69- The old castle (is located – is being located – located – locates) in the forest, not far from the river. I'm sure you'll find it.

70- The Natural History Museum (will be showing – has shown - will be shown – is showing) to us in the afternoon.

71- Two men (are questioning - are being questioned – will be questioning – to be questioned) following a robbery in Cairo.

72- I would very much (appreciate – be appreciated – appreciating – appreciates) it if you could reply as soon as possible.

73- The advertisement states that no working experience (required – is requiring – would require - is required).

74- The visitors are usually (accompany – being accompanied – to accompany – accompanied) by a guide during the tour of the museum

75- All the figures and calculations (should check - should be checked – should be checking – should have checked) thoroughly. ИПЮЙ

76- The students (being asked – asking – are asked – to ask) to submit their reports by the end of this week.

77- A prize (will give - will be given – given – to give) to whoever solves this equation. гЪЗПбЙ

78- Our plan (is being considered – is considering – considered – will consider) by the members of the committee.

79- A new book (are being published – has been published – was published - will be published) by that company next year.

80- The bridge (is painted – will be painted – has been painted – is being painted) by the workers at the moment.

Test 1 on Unit 6

 

A- Vocabulary and Structure

Choose the correct answer:

1.  (Enthusiasm - Tourism – Criticism – Magnetism) has had far-reaching ИЪнПЙ ЗбгПн effects on the Egyptian culture.

2. If you suspect a gas (weak – crack – leak – steak), do not strike a match or even turn on an electric light.

3. Egypt took (giant – ignorant – observant – tyrant) steps to achieve peace in the Middle East.

4. The military parade ЪСЦ ЪУЯСн will mark the 50th (souvenir – memorial - anniversary – universal) of our victory.

5. You may take several months to (arrive – deprive - reach – contain) your target weight.

6. The doctor gave him (powerful – fearful – hopeless – careless) drugs to help him to recover.

7. The soup was rather (aimless – cloudless – countless – tasteless). I couldn't eat it.

8. What (calls – is called – has called – may call) ‘modern civilization’ is the result of accumulated гКСЗЯгЙ knowledge  applied to practical life. ЗбНнЗЙ ЗбЪгбнЙ

9. Can you tell us what we (suppose – are supposing - are supposed – would suppose) to do?

10. Houses (design – have designed – are designed – are designing) to be warm in winter and cool in summer.

11. Our car (is being repaired – is repairing – has repaired – will repair) this week.

12. Some of her stories (base – is based – are based – are basing) on her travels to some countries.

13. The story is about a group of people who (don't know - are not knowing - are not known – known)  to each other.

14. When a blind man (is seen – sees – is seeing – will see), he should be helped by taking his arm and guiding him.

15. The trees in the garden (damages – damaged - got damaged – is damaged) in the wind.

16. I’ve got good news for you. Jim finally (got – were – has – had) promoted.

 

B- Reading Comprehension

Solar power is energy from the Sun. The sun has been producing energy for billions of years, but it is only in the recent past that this energy is being harnessed КхУКЫб or collected and changed into heat and electricity across the world.

The energy that comes from the rays of the Sun that reach the Earth is called solar radiation. Without humans, animals, or other living organisms needing to do anything, the energy from the Sun has given power to all living things through photosynthesis. ЪгбнЙ ЗбИдЗБ ЗбЦжЖн

Photosynthesis takes place when plants use the Sun's energy to make its own food, and then of course, all other living organisms eat the plants or animals receiving that energy indirectly from the Sun. However, collecting solar power to create electricity and heat is not as easy as plants using the Sun's energy to make its own food. Some people, like an astronomer named John Herschel, used a solar thermal (heat) collector box to cook food during an expedition СНбЙ ЗУКЯФЗЭнЙ to Africa. The collector box is a device used to collect the heat from the Sun to cook food. This may not have been the first instance of using the Sun's energy to cook food, but it was a preview of how much energy the Sun has that can be used if collected properly. Today, the Sun's energy is converted to thermal energy, which can be used to heat water for homes, swimming pools, greenhouses, and other buildings. It can also be used to heat the fluids to high temperatures to power turbines that make electricity. It is not as simple as placing an item in sunlight however.

 

Solar power systems are very beneficial. First, they do not cause pollution or carbon dioxide. And they have very little impact on the environment. Overall as well, solar energy costs less once the equipment is in place. The energy and heat from the Sun is basically free but it costs too much money to build the right equipment to collect the power of the Sun.

Test 2 on Unit 6

 

A-Vocabulary & Structure

Choose the correct answer:

1- A: I think computers are indispensable nowadays. B: I couldn't agree (much – few – more – little).

2- I'm afraid I don't agree (of – at – with – on) your opinion.

3- Killing the old woman to steal her money was a/an (invisible - horrible – sensible – flexible) crime.

4- You know perfectly well I can't be blamed for the failure of that (mission – addiction – admission – animation).

5- The UN (affirmative – alternative - representative – captive) stressed the urgency of an early solution.

6- I can't measure the (absence – acceptance – appearance – distance) between the two points.

7- The final stage of the production of cotton is when it is (spun – stung – sprung – sung) into thread.

8- (Activity – Acidity - Gravity – Brutality) governs the motions of celestial bodies. КНЯг НСЯЙ ЗбГМУЗг ЗбУгЗжнЙ

9- I remember (given – giving – was given - being given) a prize when I was 16.

10- I hate (to give – given - being given – giving) orders by anybody.

11- Zewail (is remembered – is being remembered – is remembering – remembers) for his great work in chemistry.

12- The sun (is risen – is raised – rises – has been risen) in the east.

13- Don't ever let yourself (be influenced – influenced – being influenced – to influence) by other people.

14- People think I'm (homeless – hopeless - fearless – tasteless) but I'm not, I can get very afraid at times.

15- I hate being (lay – lain – lied – lying) to.

16- My laptop needs (being fixed – to fix – be fixed – fixing).

B- Reading Comprehension

Essam Wahba

ЗбХЭ ЗбЛЗбЛ ЗбЛЗджн

Unit 6

 

 

2021 - 2020

 

                                                                 

UNI T    6                                                         

 

Definitions:

examine (v) нЭНХ To look at something carefully in order to find out something
launch (v/n) нхШбЮ Send a spaceship into the sky
leak (n) КУСИ A small hole that liquid or gas gets out through
mission (n) гегЙ An important job that someone has been given to do
Distance гУЗЭЙ The amount of space between two places or things
gravity (n) ЗбМЗРИнЙ The force that makes objects fall to the ground
Anniversary РЯСн УджнЙ                    A date which is remembered because something important happened on that date in a previous year
side effect ГЛС МЗдИн The bad or unwanted effect something such as medicine has on your body
spin (v) нПжС To turn round and round very quickly
Orbit нПжС Нжб Move around something
Horrible ЭЩнЪ/ФднЪ Very unpleasant or unkind
Giant ЦОг/ЪгбЗЮ Much larger than other things of the same type
Tourism ЗбУнЗНЙ When people ravel to a place on holiday
Representative гдПжИ/ггЛб    Someone who is chosen to do things, speak, vote etc. for someone else
Weightless ИбЗжТд Having no weight, especially when you are floating in space
Hopeful гКЭЗЖб If you’re hopeful about a situation, you think that something good will probably happen

More Vocabulary:

examine нЭНХ secret УЬЬС
launch нШбЮ / ЕШбЗЮ system дЩЗг / МеЗТ
leak КУСхИ / нКУСИ / нхУСИ гЪбжгЗК (ббХНЗЭЙ гЛбЗ) currently НЗбнЗ / Эн ЗбжЮК ЗбНЗбн
gravity ЗбМЗРИнЙ / ОШжСЙ gymnastics ГбЪЗИ ЗбМгИЗТ
side effects ВЛЗС МЗдИнЙ spin = revolve нПжС ИУСЪЙ (Нжб гНжСе) / нЫТб (ЗбЮШд)/нМЪб ФнБ нПжС

 

spokes ГУбЗЯ (ЮЦИЗд) distance гУЗЭЙ / ИЪП
weightless гдЪПг ЗбжТд land неИШ / ГСЦ
take off КхЮбЪ (ЗбШЗЖСЙ)/ нОбЪ(ббгбЗИУ) improve нхНУд / нКНУд
benefit нхЭнП / нУКЭнП / ЭЗЖПЙ astronaut СЗЖП ЭЦЗБ
repair = mend - fix нХбН space walk ЗбУнС Эн ЗбЭЦЗБ
a space station гНШЙ ЭЦЗЖнЙ a spaceship УЭндЙ ЭЦЗБ
location гжЮЪ temperature ПСМЙ ЗбНСЗСЙ
control system дЩЗг ЗбКНЯг main СЖнУн
certainly ИЗбКГЯнП probably гд ЗбгНКгб
date КЗСнО / ИбН happen = occur нНПхЛ
anniversary РЯСн УджнЙ representative гдПжИ / ггЛб
organisation гдЩгЙ / КдЩнг orbit = move around = circle нПжС Нжб
rocket ХЗСжО height ЗСКЭЗЪ
giant ЪгбЗЮ / ЦОг compare нхЮЗСд
comparison гЮЗСдЙ modern technology ЗбКЯджбжМнЗ ЗбНПнЛЙ
communications ЗКХЗбЗК transport ЗбдЮб / ЗбгжЗХбЗК
education ЗбКЪбнг satellite ЮгС ХдЗЪн / КЗИЪ
global warming ЗбЗНКИЗУ ЗбНСЗСн climate change ЗбКЫнС ЗбгдЗОн
a waste of money гЦнЪЙ ббгЗб a waste of time гЦнЪЙ ббжЮК
aeroplane = airplane ШЗЖСЙ air conditioning КЯннЭ ЗбежЗБ
password ЯбгЙ ЗбУС petrol tank ОТЗд ЗбжЮжП
fuel pump гЦОЙ ЗбжЮжП arrangements КСКнИЗК
physical exercises КгЗСнд ИПднЙ perform нДПн
metal bar ЮЦнИ гЪПдн connect нжХб
result дКнМЙ activity дФЗШ
object ФнБ keep fit нНЗЭЩ Ъбн ЗббнЗЮЙ ЗбИПднЙ
nausea ЗбЫЛнЗд vomiting ЗбЮнБ
dizziness ЗбПжОЙ dizzy ПЗЖО
worn out гСеЮ lethargy ЗбЯУб
deterioration КПежС skeleton енЯб ЪЩгн
blood cells ОбЗнЗ ЗбПг weakness ЦЪЭ
the immune system МеЗТ ЗбгдЗЪЙ indispensable бЗ Ыдн ЪдеЗ
minerals гЪЗПд space exploration ЗУКЯФЗЭ ЗбЭЦЗБ
medical test ЗОКИЗС ШИн surgery МСЗНЙ / ЪнЗПЙ
available гКЗН / гКжЗЭС e-learning ЗбКЪбг Ъд ШСнЮ ЗбЯгИнжКС / ЗбКЪбнг ЗбЗбЯКСждн
security Ггд equipment гЪПЗК / ГМеТЙ
replacement ИПнб questionnaire ЗУКИнЗд / ЗУКШбЗЪ СГн
repeat нЯСС repetition КЯСЗС
describe нХЭ description жХЭ
horizons ВЭЗЮ flourish нТПеС
with regard to ЭнгЗ нКЪбЮ ИЬ human rights НЮжЮ ЗбЕдУЗд
war victims ЦНЗнЗ ЗбНСжИ opponent гЪЗСЦ
supporter гДнП non-governmental ЫнС НЯжгн
weightlessness ЗдЪПЗг ЗбжТд horrible ЭЩнЪ / СенИ
experts ОИСЗБ materials гжЗП

The Listening Text:

Interviewer: Thank you for coming into the studio this morning. Could you start by telling the listeners what you’re doing this week?

Astronaut: Well, this is a very special week for me. Tomorrow afternoon, I’m being taken with two other astronauts to a secret location. The spaceship launches at 7.50 the next evening.

 

Interviewer: How exciting! How long does it take to reach the Space Station?

 

Astronaut: It takes about six hours. I’m really looking forward to it.

 

Interviewer: What is your mission, exactly?

 

Astronaut: There are two or three little things that need to be looked at on the International Space Station, but the main problem is the temperature control system. We think there may be a leak of some kind.

 

Interviewer: Is that a problem?

 

Astronaut: We don’t think so. We think it will be repaired quite quickly.

 

Interviewer: Is it a difficult job?

 

Astronaut: No, not particularly, but we’ll almost certainly need to spend some time working outside.

 

Interviewer: Do you mean a spacewalk?

 

Astronaut: Yes, maybe, but we won’t know until we’re there. Then all the equipment will be examined.

 

Interviewer: Isn’t that really dangerous?

 

Astronaut: Not really. We’re given a lot of training. We’re told exactly what to do in these situations when we will be weightless in space.

 

Interviewer: How long will you be in space for?

 

Astronaut: We’ll probably be there for about five or six days. It depends on how serious the problems are.

 

Interviewer: I’m sure you’ll be interviewed by a lot of journalists after your mission, but we’d love to talk to you again when you get back!

 

Astronaut: I’d be happy to.

 

Interviewer: Thank you.

Read the following passage carefully:

20 July 2019 is the 50th anniversary of a man first walkingon the Moon. Now a representative for the World Tourism Organisation predicts that, in the next ten years, people will be taken into space for their holidays. They will be flown in a spaceship to a space station which will orbit the Earth ataheight of 320 kilometres – that is about the same as the distance from Cairo to El-Minya. The space station itself will be like a giantspinning wheel that looks like a bike wheel. There will be two special areas: one with gravity like earth and one with zero gravity for weightless sports.

Some people who are interested in space holidays are worried that, as space tourists, they will suffer from the same horrible sideeffects as astronauts have sufferedfrom, but experts are hopeful that there will be treatments for most side effects.

Just think about such a holiday in space. Everyone who has travelled in space has described the amazing feeling of looking down on the Earth as it spins below you. It will be impossible to go shopping or go for a walk, but think of the fun you can have with weightless football or weightless basketball.

For most people, the main disadvantage is the cost of space holidays. At the moment, the cost of a holiday is very high. But like everything else, the more people want to do something, the cheaper it will become. So, if you are interested, start saving now!

Choose the correct answer:

1-Space tourists will be flown to a space station by (spacewalk – spaceship-spaceman – spacesuit).

2-Travellers will do weightless sports in a special area with (full gravity – maximum gravity – partial gravity – zero gravity).

3-People don’t need to worry about the side effects of space travel because there will be (treatments – statements – tournaments – garments) for most side effects.

4-People who have already travelled in space describe the feeling of looking down on the earth as (sickening – boring – unimpressive – amazing).

Answer the following questions:

5-Why is 20 July 2019 an important date?

6-What will happen 320 kilometres above the earth?

7-What costs a lot of money at the moment?

8-Find words in the passage which mean:

a) cannot happen or cannot be achieved

b) something that is done to cure someone who is ill

Word Study & Language Notes:

 

۩ Reach for the stars = To try to achieve something difficult нУЪн жнИРб Яб МеП бКНЮнЮ еПЭ ХЪИ ЗбгдЗб                                                                                                 

• She decided very early that she was going to reach for the stars and get to the top of her profession.

۩ Examine нЭНХ/нКЭНХ/нПСУ/нКПЗСУ ГгС

• I think you should be examined by a doctor.

•Scientists are examining the impact of global warming on local climates.

•Experts who examined the painting believe it is genuine.

۩ Examination ЭНХ

The doctor will give you a full examination before the trip.

۩ Examination = exam ЗгКНЗд sit/take an examination нКЮПг бЕгКНЗд

•Students will sit a three-hour examination at the end of the year.

۩ Examiner ггКНд

•The paper is corrected by the teacher and by one external examiner.

 

۩ examine someone on/in something: нгКНд ФОХ Эн

•Candidates will be examined on their written and oral language skills.

**************

۩ Launch (v./n.) нхШбЮ/ндШбЮ/ЗШбЗЮ/нИПГ/нШСН (гхдКМ) Эн ЗбГУжЗЮ

•What time is the space rocket launching?

•The spaceship launches at 7.50 the next evening.

•The company hopes to launch the new drug by next October.

•The sports channel launched a major advertising campaign two months before the World Cup.

•The project officially launches tomorrow.

•The company announced it will launch a new version of its software in January.

•This morning's launch of the space shuttle has been delayed.

**************

۩ Mission гегЙ /ИЪЛЙ/СУЗбЙ Гж еПЭ Эн ЗбНнЗЙ

•The UN peacekeeping mission has arrived in the capital.

•Helping disabled people was her mission in life.

•The mission was aborted because of engine problems.

**************

۩ Distance гУЗЭЙ / ИхЪП

•He measured нЮнУ the distance between the two points.

•The distance from Cairo to Assiut is 375 km.

•The aircraft is able to carry huge loads over vast distances. гУЗЭЗК ФЗУЪЙ

 

۩ At a distance/from a distance гд ИЪнП

•And you could hear them coming from a distance.

•I've seen him at a distance; I've seen him in bad light.

 

۩ Distance (himself) from: нИКЪП ИдЭУе Ъд

•He distanced himself from his family.

 

۩ Distant ЪдПгЗ КУКОПг гЪ ГНП ЗбГЮЗСИ КФнС Збн ЮСЗИЙ ИЪнПЙ (ЫнС гИЗФСЙ)

۩ Distant cousin/uncle/aunt:

•He inherited a lot of money from a distant aunt.

 

۩ Within walking distance: Ъбн гУЗЭЙ ЮСнИЙ (нгЯд ЮШЪеЗ гФнЗр Ъбн ЗбГЮПЗг)

 •The hotel is not far. It's within walking distance.

 

۩ Distance learning = distance education: ЗбКЪбнг Ъд ИЪП

•Distance education is an easy way to learn.

 

۩ In the distance: гд ИЪнП

•We suddenly saw her in the distance

**************

۩ Gravity = gravitation ЗбМЗРИнЙ

•The moon has less gravity than the earth.

•I can't understand Newton's law of gravitation.

 

۩ Gravity = seriousness ОхШжСЙ

• Despite the gravity of his illness, he decided to help us.

۩ Grave ЮИС/ЦСнН/ЭЗПН/ОШнС

•His carelessness could have grave consequences.

•This violation of school rules is a grave matter.

•We went to the cemetery ЗбгПЗЭд to visit my aunt's grave.

**************

۩ weigh нуТцд/нЯжд жТде...

•Yesterday a satellite weighing 15 tons was successfully placed in orbit.

۩ weight жТд/ЛхЮб

•What weight can this lorry safely carry?

•There was a slight decrease in his weight after a week of dieting.

 

۩ weight training ЗбКПСнИ Ъбн СЭЪ ЗбГЛЮЗб

•I do/go weight training in a gym during the week.

 

۩ weightlifting СЭЪ ЗбГЛЮЗб

۩ weighty =heavy ЛЮнб

•I don't want to carry this bag around all afternoon - it's quite weighty.

 

۩ weighty =serious and important ЪЩнг ЗбФГд/ОШнС

•Before deciding on any weighty matter, he consults his staff.

۩ weightless (adj.) ИбЗ жТд/гдЪПг ЗбжТд

•Astronauts work in weightless conditions.

 

۩ weightlessness (n.) ЗдЪПЗг ЗбжТд

•The astronauts will soon get used to the condition of weightlessness.

 

۩ orbit /orbited/orbited нПжС Нжб/гПЗС

•How many planets orbit the sun?

•A new satellite has been put into orbit around the earth.

 

۩ spin /spun/spun нПжС/нбЭ/нМЪб ФнБ нПжС/нЫТб (ЗбЮШд)/ПжСЙ/бЭЙ

•Suddenly, the plane went into a spin.

•This machine spins cotton into thread.

•The noise made my head spin.

•Let's spin the coin to decide whether to go or not.

 

۩ Spin out of control нОСМ Ъд дШЗЮ ЗбУнШСЙ

After the second engine went dead, КЪШб the plane started spinning out of control as it plummeted ЗдПЭЪК to the ground.

۩ бЗНЩ ЗУКОПЗг ЭЪб гЭСП гЪ ЗбЯбгЗК ЗбВКнЙ жбЯд ЪдП ЗбЕФЗСЙ ЕбнеЗ ИЦгнС дУКОПг ЦгнС МгЪ (they, them, their):

۩ Everyone / everybody / someone / somebody / no one / nobody / anyone / anybody / (any / every person)

Everyone benefit s from space technology in their everyday lives.

Everyonehastheir own ideas about the best way to bring up children.

Anybody can do it, can't they?

 

۩ spend (time) + V+ ing: нЮЦм

• He spent the whole day watching TV.

۩ Spend money on: ндЭЮ

•We should spend more money on education and on better transport.

۩ бЗНЩ ЗУКОПЗг everyday   ЯЯбгЙ жЗНПЙ ИгЪдн нжгн жен Эн еРе ЗбНЗбЙ ХЭЙ adj.

 

•the problems of everyday life ЗбНнЗЙ ЗбнжгнЙ

۩ жЪдП ЗУКОПЗг every day   (ЯбгКЗд гдЭХбКЗд) ИгЪдн Яб нжг жен Эн еРе ЗбНЗбЙ НЗб adv.

•He watches TV. every day.

۩ Help + inf. / to+inf.

•He helped me do the job.        He helped me to do the job.

۩ Help with + n.

 •She helped me with my homework.

۩ нхУКОПг ЗбгЮШЪ  less Эн деЗнЙ ЗбЯбгЙ ИгЪдн without гЪ ЗбЯЛнС гд ЗбЯбгЗК гЛб:

· weightless гдЪПг ЗбжТд / helpless ЦЪнЭ / ЪЗМТ / useless ЫнС гЭнП / hopeless нЗЖУ

/ fruitless ЫнС гЛгС / ЫнС гМПн / endless ИбЗ деЗнЙ / fearless МСнБ/ФМЗЪ / homelessгФСП / tastelessЪПнг ЗбШЪг

жбЯд бЗНЩ Гд ЯбгЙ priceless   гЪдЗеЗ бЗ нхЮПС ИЛгд:

• Our ancient monuments are priceless.

۩ нхУКОПг ЗбгЮШЪ  -ful Эн деЗнЙ ЗбЯбгЙ ИгЪдн full of гЪ ЗбЯЛнС гд ЗбЯбгЗК гЛб:

Hopeful гКЭЗЖб/ useful / painful гДбг / powerful Южн / careful / beautiful / deceitful ОЗПЪ / delightful гИеМ/УЗС / harmful / meaningful / peaceful / plentiful жЭнС / stressful гбнБ ИЗбЦЫжШ / thankful ФЗЯС

 

۩ It's a waste of time / It's a waste of money + V. + ing: гЦнЪЙ ббжЮК/ЗбгЗб

It's a waste of time read ing this silly book.

 

۩ Look forward to + n. / V. + ing: нКШбЪ Збн

•I look forward to my summer holiday.

• I look forward to visit ing London.

۩ Start / Begin + to + inf. / V. + ing

•She started to do this job in 2005.      · She started sing ing.

 

۩ жбЯд ЪдП ЗУКОПЗг start / begin  Эн ЗбГТгдЙ ЗбгУКгСЙ нГКн ИЪПегЗ to + inf.

• It 's starting to rain.

 

۩ Begin / Start by + V. + ing:

• The speaker started by describ ing his journey to China..

۩ Begin / Start with + n.:

• The speaker started with a description of his journey to China.

۩ бЗНЩ ЗУКОПЗг ЗбЭЪб reach ИгЪЗдн гОКбЭЙ:

۩ reach = get to a particular level нХб бгУКжн гЪнд

• Temperatures in the desert can reach 50 ˚C.

۩ reach (up/down/across/towards) = move your hand to touch something нгП нПе Эн ЗКМЗе

• The baby is reaching towards the vase of flowers.

۩ reach = arrive at a place нХб Збн

• It takes six hours to reach the space station.

۩ reach = be long enough to get to a place нЯжд ШжнбЗ ИгЗ нЯЭн ббжХжб Збн

• The ladder can reach the top of the wall.

۩ reach (a decision/an agreement/a conclusion)= нКжХб бЬ

• We'll inform you when a decision has been reached.

۩ within the reach of / out of the reach of Эн гКдЗжб / ИЪнПЗ Ъд гКдЗжб

• Keep this medicine out of the reach of children.

۩ Reach for the stars = to try to achieve a very difficult aim нНЗжб ЗбжХжб Збн Гж КНЮнЮ еПЭ ХЪИ

۩ бЗНЩ Гд ЗбГЭЪЗб ЗбВКнЙ нГКн ИЪПеЗ ЕгЗ ЗУг Гж ХЭЙ noun or adjective:

۩ Be / become / appear / feel / look / remain / seem / sound /

•She became rich.                                 She became a doctor.

•She seemed (to be) happy.

 

Words often confused:

 

۩ Anniversary – memory – memorial - souvenir

Anniversary: РЯСн УджнЙ • They celebrated their twentieth wedding anniversary      

                                             yesterday.

memory: РЯСн / РЗЯСЙ    • School is just a distant memory for me now.

        • This man has an amazing memory.

memorial: дхХИ КРЯЗСн • The statue was erected   ФнП as a memorial to those who died in the war.

 

souvenir: еПнЙ КРЯЗСнЙ        

• We brought back a few souvenirs from our holiday in Greece.

**************

۩ Repair - Reform

 

Repair: нЮжг ИЕХбЗН ФнБ НПЛ Ие ЦСС Гж КбЭ

• They had to repair the roof after the storm.

Reform: нЮжг ИЕПОЗб КЪПнб Гж КНУнд Ъбн дЩЗг гЪнд

• We really need to reform our educational system.

**************

۩ Affect – Effect

Affect (V.)    нДЛС Ъбн = have an effect on нЯжд бе КГЛнС Ъбм

• I was deeply affected by the film.   • The film had a deep effect on me.

Words and their antonyms:

take off КхЮбЪ (ЗбШЗЖСЙ) land КеИШ
secret УЬЬС known гЪСжЭ
dangerous ОШнС safe Вгд
weighty = heavy ЛЮнб light ОЭнЭ
weighty = important еЗг unimportant, trivial КЗЭе / ЫнС еЗг
improve нКНУд worsen, deteriorate нУжБ / нКПежС
agreement ЗКЭЗЮ disagreement ЪПг ЗКЭЗЮ
current ЗбНЗбн / ЗбМЗСн past ЗбгЗЦн
Thick УгнЯ thin дНнЭ / СЭнЪ / СЮнЮ
go down ндОЭЦ go up нСКЭЪ
Overweight   Underweight  
hopeful   Hopeless  
weakness   Strength  
costly   Cheap  
predictable   unpredictable  

 


Words and their synonyms:

current КхЮб present КеИШ
secret УЬЬС confidential гЪСжЭ
reach ОШнС Get to Вгд
start ЛЮнб begin ОЭнЭ
help еЗг Assist КЗЭе / ЫнС еЗг
educate   Teach  
Worn out   Exhausted  
Result   Consequence  
orbit   Move around  
Main   Chief  
spaceship   Spacecraft  
Giant   Huge  
Horrible   terrible  

Prepositions & Expressions:



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