Unit 4. The things I like and Dislike. My Health and Fitness.

Unit 4. The things I like and Dislike. My Health and Fitness.

A blessing that money cannot buy.

Izaak Walton.

The sound body is a product of the

Sound mind.

George Bernard Shaw

Recommended grammar:

Conditionals and “wish’-clauses.

BUILDING-UP YOUR VOCABULARY

4.1. Read the text and pick up the main threats to our health that modern life poses and say whether you agree with the opinion expressed in the text or not. Think of other threats to add to the list.

Health, physical and mental, is a very important aspect of life and as much energy as we give, it can never be wasted, really. In the 20^th century’s way of life, for many, physical exertion has been cut down to a minimum. Much of technology seems to be intended to minimize people actually doing anything with their body, for instance in most tall buildings nowadays there are lifts instead of stairs, and very little walking is involved in city life as there are so many forms of transport we can utilize. We never have to go out to carry wood and to chop it into pieces in order to heat ourselves, as we are surrounded by electricity and gas, which does all of this for us. Even those involved in agriculture don’t have to do so much digging these days as they have machines to do everything for them. Also the modern diet can be very damaging to one’s health. So much food, especially in Western Europe and in America seems to come from packets - dehydrated food – which can’t really have very much real life energy or proteins which can be used for growing. Also, out food today is very greasy and oily. Of course, people are becoming aware of the damaging effects of a high level of cholesterol in the food and of eating large amounts of very bad quality meat and excessive quantities of sugar. All of these things contribute to a deterioration of one’s health, but not to reinforcing one’s physical functions.

4.2. Study the topical vocabulary for discussing health issues. Use a Dictionary if necessary.

Human body:

trunk, limbs (upper, lower), head, neck, throat, shoulder, armpit, chest, breast, back, waist, stomach, hip, finger, arm, hand, fist, elbow, wrist, palm, leg, thigh, knee, calf, ankle, shin/shank, foot (feet), heel, instep, sole, toe;

 

The skeleton:

bones, skull, collar-bone, shoulder-blade, breastbone, forearm, backbone/spine/ vertebral column, hip-bone, kneecap, rib;

The face:

eye (eyeball, eyebrow, eyelid, eyelash, pupil, iris), nose, ear, mouth, jaw, tooth (teeth), lip (upper, lower), tongue, cheek, chin, temple, forehead,;

The internal organs:

brain, windpipe, vein, artery, heart, blood circulation, blood pressure, nervous system, bronchus, lungs, liver, gullet, intestines, kidneys, bladder, muscles, muscular system;

Health:

healthy, to be in good health; to feel well/be fine/all right; to be in good shape /fit,

hurt/ injured/ wounded, to be sick/ ill/ low/ to feel ill, to go down (with) (with the pronoun ‘I’ you should say “come down with”, not ‘go down with”), to be in poor/ ill health/ to be in a bad /poor shape/ state/ to be off-colour/ to feel under the weather/ out of sorts, cripple/ disabled person/ handicapped person, hypochondriac, blood type (There are four types of blood in the ABO system: A (II), B (III), AB (IV), and O(I));

to catch a disease, to take a turn for the worse, to get worse, to deteriorate, one's health gave way, (not) to last more than, to feign illness;

to get better/ to get over/ to be on the mend (coll.) / to recover (from)/ to fight off, marked improvement in one's condition, to be out of danger;

Complaints/ symptoms:

Nouns: ‘ache’ is used with the following: toothache, a stomach-ache (upset stomach), backache, earache and a headache. I'm all ache.

For other parts of the body ‘pain’ is used: to have a pain in the stomach/ in the neck: e.g. I woke up in the night with a terrible pain in my chest.

disorder (sleep disorder, liver disorder), disturbance (visual disturbance), fever (to have a fever/ high temperature), high blood pressure, rash, itch, spots, splinter, blister, cut, boil, inflammation, bruise, a black eye, dislocation, sprain, fracture, twist, bad digestion, constipation, bleeding, cramps, stiff neck, insomnia, heartburn

sneezing, runny/ running nose/cold in the head, cough/ bad cough/ fits of coughing, nausea/ vomiting, dizziness, anxiety, fatigue, attack, bout/ fit (of cough/ depression), lump/ swelling, blind/ blindness, near-sighted, far-sighted, dumb/ dumbness, deaf/ deafness, injury/ wound (a wound and injury are both used to describe damage to the body, but a wound is generally caused by a weapon (e.g. gun or knife) and it is usually intentional), diarrhea, hangover, cuts and bruises (minor injuries);

He shot the man in the chest. (= a bullet wound in the chest)

He stabbed the boy in the back. (= a knife wound in the back)

He got into a fight and got beaten up. He had a black eye and two broken ribs.

Verbs:

You can use ‘ to ache’ for some things, e.g. my back aches; but ‘ to hurt’ is more common to describe real pain, and it can be used with or without a direct object: She hurt (injured) her foot when she jumped off the bus and fell over.

She hurt herself when she jumped off the bus and fell over.

I hit my leg against the table and it really hurts.

to feel pain / to suffer from pain, to have a sharp pain, to itch, to catch a cold, to limp, to feel stiff, to sweat, to shiver/ to feel shivery, to faint/ to collapse/ to lose consciousness, to come to oneself, to be clogged (about a nose), to be bunged up (about a stomach), be out of joint;

Adjectives:

painful, painless, sore (to have a sore back/ throat), dizzy, (to feel) sick (dizzy, breathless, shivery), stinging, throbbing, feverish, nauseous, trembling, pregnant;

I've got a cold (a cough, a sore throat, a temperature, a stomach ache, chest pains, earache, a pain in my side, a rash on my chest, spots, a bruise on my leg, a black eye, a lump on my arm, indigestion/ diarrhea, painful joints, blisters, sunburn).

I am depressed (constipated, tired) all the time.

I've lost my appetite (voice).

I can't sleep, my nose itches and my leg hurts.

Diseases:

sickness/ illness/ disease/ malady/ ailment, (non)communicable diseases, catching/ contagious, (in)curable, epidemic, inherited sickness, inborn disturbance, mild case, fatal illness, auto-suggestion;

heart attack, appendicitis, bronchitis, cancer, whooping-cough, tuberculosis (TB), chickenpox, smallpox, measles, cholera, malaria, hepatitis, mumps, typhoid, scarlet fever, yellow fever, asthma, flu /influenza, pneumonia, rheumatism, an ulcer, a virus/ a bug, allergy/ hay fever, Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome (PTSS), quinsy, angina;

Diagnosing and treatment:

to go to the doctor, to consult a doctor, to call a doctor, to complain of smth., to take one’s temperature, to listen to one’s chest, to examine, to take one’s blood pressure, to feel one's pulse, to give/ make a diagnosis, to treat for/ to cure smb. of smth, to give recommendations, to operate (on), to write out a prescription, to write out a sick leave/ sick note/ sick list, to make out a medical certificate, to prescribe a diet, to heal (The wound healed slowly. It soon healed up.), medical check-up, X-ray, to do tests, cure / treatment for, to give/ administer the first aid, first aid kit;

What is troubling (bothering) you?

What disturbs you?

to buy smth. from the chemist;

Do you have health insurance? Have you ever had any operations?

Are you taking any medication? Are you allergic to anything?

to have the symptoms of, to take a treatment for, to do good, to do harm, to relieve the pain, to undergo an operation/ surgery, be operated on, to have smth. removed, to have after-effects/ complications, to be restricted to a diet, to stay in bed, to gargle, to sit quietly/ still, to breathe deeply, to strip to the waist, to bare one’s arm, to treat, to take care/ to look after;

Prescriptions:

Take one three times a day after meals.

Take a teaspoonful last thing at night.

Rub a little on before going to bed each night.

We'll get the nurse to put a bandage on.

You'll need to have some injections/ shots before you go.

I'll ask the surgeon when he can fit you in for an operation.

You'll have to have your leg put in plaster.

I think you should have total bed rest for a week.

Medicines:

medical insurance, panacea/ cure-all, placebo, tomake up a medicine/ drug; to take a medicine (for), chemist's/ drugstore, mixture, pills, powder, ointment, drops, a tablespoonful, a teaspoonful, three times a day, every two hours, on an empty stomach, painkiller/ antibiotics, for soothing the pain, for bringing down the temperature, to take for a headache/ cough/ a cold, to apply a mustard plaster, put on/ apply a dressing, to remove a dressing, sterile dressing, to remove the bandage, to give a shot / injection (of), to be inoculated (against), to put a hot-water bottle (to), to administer medications and treatments, for external/ internal use;

The doctor:

specialist, physician, general practitioner (GP), dentist, (plastic) surgeon, oncologist, neurologist, ophthalmologist/ eye doctor, nurse, to make an appointment with;

Hospital:

to take to hospital, to be admitted to a hospital, to be discharged from a hospital, patient (in-patient, out-patient), patients with appointments, urgent call, emergency case, an ambulance, stretcher;

waiting room, ward, reception, patient's file/ medical record, health insurance /certificate, appointments book, examination couch, crutches, syringe, scales, height gauge, stethoscope, thermometer, cotton balls;

health-resort, spa;

At the dentist's:

to make an appointment with the dentist for a check-up (for a dental care), drill, false teeth, dental bridge, crown, porcelain tooth, filling;

to have one's tooth treated, to be loose (about a tooth), to fit on a crown (bridge),

to pull out/ remove/ extract a tooth, to have one's tooth stopped/ filled;

Alternative medicine:

psychotherapy, physiotherapy, acupuncture, chiropractic, herbal medicine, homeopathy, aromatherapy.

4.3. Match each of these people with the correct definition below.

 

Patient casualty nurse

Suffer keep cure nurse

Waiting room symptoms

 

When I go to the doctor, I tell the (a) ______ my name and take a seat in the (b)______. My doctor is very busy so I have to make an (c) ______ before I go to

see him. He asks me what’s wrong with me, I tell him the (d) ______of my illness,

for example high temperature, difficulty in breathing, or pains, and then he will usually (e) ______me. He’ll listen to my heart with his (f) ______, he’ll hold my wrist to feel my (g) ______, he’ll take my (h) ______ with his (i) ______. The problem is usually something simple and he might give me a (j) ______for some medicine, which I take to the (k) ______. Of course, if I needed more serious (l) ______, I’d have to go to hospital. There I’d be put in a bed in a (m) ______ with 10 or 20 other people. If there were something seriously wrong with me, I might need an (n) ______.

 

4.5. Match all the columns in the charts below.

a)

What's the problem?	How did it happen?	Result	Solution
I cut my finger	playing football	It's very painful.	plaster it and put into a sling
I cut my foot quite badly	I fell off my bike.	I can't walk on it easily, I limp.	rest for it
I twisted my ankle	I stepped barefooted on a piece of glass	It's swollen and blue in colour.	rest
I broke my arm	taking a pie out of a hot oven	It's bleeding quite a lot.	special cream or honey
I've got concussion	I hit it on the side of my desk	I can't use it.	a bandage
I burnt my hand	using a knife	I'm confused; don't know where I am.	ice pack
I've got a bruise on my arm	I fell over running for a bus.	It's bleeding a bit.	a plaster

b)

What's the matter?	The symptoms	Cause of illness
I've got a cold.	sneezing, runny nose, sore eyes	often food, or a virus
I've got flu.	I keep going to the toilet.	allergic reaction to pollen from grass
I've got hay fever.	headache, feeling sick	a virus
I've got diarrhea.	sore throat, sneezing, a cough	many e.g. food, alcohol
I feel sick.	sore throat, sneezing, a cough, aching muscles and a temperature, e.g. 39.5	too much alcohol
I've got a hangover.	I want to vomit	a virus

4.6. Put one of the following words in each space in the sentences below.

from on with in to for of

1. He was operated ________ yesterday.

2. She was taken ________ hospital because he got ill.

3. He suffered _______bad headaches.

4. I have a pain ______ my back.

5. What's wrong ______ you?

6. He died _____ cancer.

7. She got worse so they sent ______ a doctor.

 

4.7. Give one word for the following.

1. A person who makes patients’ appointments with a doctor;

2. A piece of paper which specifies the medicine for curing your illness;

3. A place where the patients come for the check-up;

4. A pre-arranged time for somebody to come;

5. A paid number of days given to you by your office when you are ill;

6. A sick person who is treated by a local physician;

7. A sort of medicine which can cure you of cold;

8. A pain in your head which you have felt for a long time;

9. To make a sick person healthy again;

10. To take off all clothes to the waist;

4.8. Label the diagram below. Add labels to other parts of the body.

4.9. Paraphrase the italicized parts of the sentences.

 

1. The cough became very bad.

2. I think she’s running a high temperature.

3. She said she was feeling sick.

4. I phoned up a local doctor's office and asked them to arrange for my check up.

5. You should do whatever the doctors tell you.

6. Everybody said that you looked very healthy.

7. The doctor told me I should take the medicine so that I would get better.

8. They checked her blood pressure.

 

4.10. Match the problems in column A to the pieces of advice in column B.

 

A	B
1. I keep getting headaches.	a. Good, you needn’t come back for a month.
2. I can’t get into my clothes.	b. You really must stop smoking.
3. I can’t sleep at night.	c. Perhaps you should have an eye test.
4. My eyes are often sore and I sneeze a lot.	d. You ought to do more exercise – it’s very relaxing.
5. I’m going to Nepal on business.	e. You really must lose some weight.
6. I’ve got a terrible cough.	f. You should have some allergy tests
7. I’ve got an upset stomach.	g. You'll have to have a few injections.
8. I fell much better now, doctor.	h. You shouldn’t eat so much fried food.

 

4.11. Complete the sentences with the suitable word. You may need to change the form of some words.

illness (sickness) - disease

“illness” is the state of being ill; “disease” refers to a particular kind of illness with special symptoms and name.

pain - ache

“pain” refers to suffering of body. It is sharp and sudden;

“ache” means a continuous pain.

cure - heal - treat

“cure” means to bring back to health;

“heal” means to make healthy after wounds of any kind (e.g. cuts are healed)

”treat” means to take care of with medicines, etc. It refers to the process or curing e.g. a person must be treated to be cured.

a) ill - sick (Mind: “ill” is never used before a noun!!!)

1) The nurse mixed the medicine with a teaspoon and gave it to the ____ man who sat up in bed to take it.

2) When people are _____ and have a temperature over 39 degrees, we say they are running a high temperature.

3) When I go on board a ship or a boat, I feel _____.

4) He was suddenly taken _____.

b) illness (sickness) - disease

1) What did the man die of? Did he suffer from any chronic ____ or complication after a serious ____?

2) The _____ was catching, and the doctor said he would put me on the sick-list.

3) Scarlet fever is a catching ____.

4) His ____ prevented him from going to school together with his friends.

c) treat - cure

1) After scarlet fever complications developed, and they had to ____ the patient for a month before he was completely ____.

2) The open air in the mountains _____ him of headaches.

3) The doctor said that if I followed his instructions, I should soon be ____ of the disease.

d) cure – heal - treat

1) Fresh air, sunshine, and good food may ____ a patient of consumption by _____his lungs.

2) After a fortnight of slight fever, the wound ____ and he recovered.

3) The doctor applied a medicine which soon ____ the deep cut in my arm.

4) Different remedies may have to be used before the patient can be ________.

5) The whole family should be ________ even if symptoms are not present.

6) The wounds, in some instances, may take time to ________.

7) The patients can usually be ________ if they are ________ in time.

8) Andrew is carrying niggling (= minor) injuries which are proving slow to ____.

9) Within three weeks, her skin had ________.

10) Any secondary bacterial infection may need to be ________ with antibiotics.

11) Her condition had been improved but not ________ by the treatment.

e) ache – pain - hurt

1) As Joe was coming home a sudden ____ in his heart made him stop and lean against the wall of a house.

2) Wet weather often makes old people feel an ____ in their bones.

3) He fell down the stairs and ____ his leg.

4) This heavy suit-case makes my arm _____.

5) Did you _____ yourself?

 

4.12. Match the diseases to their symptoms.

1) flu a) swollen glands in front of ear, earache or pain when eating

2) pneumonia b) burning pain in abdomen, pain or nausea after eating

3) rheumatism c) rash starting on body, slight temperature

4) chickenpox d) dry cough, high fever, chest pain, quick breath

5) mumps e) headache, aching muscles, fever, cough, sneezing

6) an ulcer f) swollen and painful joints, stiffness, limited movement

4.13. Answer the following questions using as many words from the topical vocabulary as possible.

 

 

1. What are the symptoms of flu (tonsillitis, measles, mumps, scarlet fever, etc.)?

2. Who is treated at the clinic and who is treated at the hospital?

3. What do you do when you fall ill?

4. What does the doctor do when he comes to examine you?

5. How does a sick person look?

6. What catching diseases do you know?

7. Do people in Russia get their pay when they are ill?

8. What does the doctor or nurse use the following things for: stethoscope, thermometer, scales, syringe, scalpel?

	4.14. Put each of the following words in its correct place in the passages below.

 

a) Sadness

sob heartbroken tears griefrecover

British Healthcare System

In Britain, healthcare is paid for through taxes and national insurance payments taken directly from wages and salaries. The government decides how much will be spent on the National Health Service, but a lot of people feel they do not spend enough. Hospital treatment and visits to a family doctor (or GP) at a surgery or clinic are free, but there is a prescription charge. Dentists and opticians charge fees. Private healthcare is available, and a large number of insurance schemes exist to enable people to ‘go private’.

 

(a) small centre with just two or three doctors

(b) choose private healthcare

(c) general expression for all of the services offered by hospitals, clinics, dentists, opticians, etc.

(d) large centre with several doctors and kinds of services

(e) tax paid by most adults which covers the costs of healthcare for everyone

(f) charge for the medication the doctor prescribes, which you pay at a pharmacy

(g) British name for the service that covers hospitals, clinics, dentists, etc.

(h) doctor who looks after people’s general health

4.17. a) Put each of the following verbs in the correct space in the instructions.

a) move raise lower turn hang stand

1) ____ with your feet apart. Let your arms ___ by your sides.

2) ____ your arms above your head.

3) ____ your body first to the left, then to the right. (Don’t ____ your feet.)

4) ____ your arms to your sides again.

b) touch lean hold bend bring straighten

1) Sit on the front part of the chair, with your feet on the floor.

2) ____ the sides of the chair.

3) ____ back against the back of the chair.

4) ____ your knees, and _____ them up to _____ your chest.

5) ____ your legs and lower them to the floor again.

 

b) Using the words from the exercises above, give instructions how to do the exercises shown in the pictures below..

4.18. a) Study the following metaphors and idioms relating to health and keeping fit. Think of similar Russian idioms or proverbs. Explain their meaning in English. b) Use the metaphors to make up your own sentences.

a) Medical metaphors

Problems and bad situations in society or other aspects of people’s lives are often talked about as if they were illnesses.

The word symptom is often used when talking about problems in society.

The current spate of car thefts is a symptom of a deeper underlying problem.

This behaviour is symptomatic of his general lack of self-confidence.

The causes of a problem can be diagnosed and the outlook for a situation can also be referred to as the prognosis in the same way as we talk about the prognosis of an illness.

ailing means having a lot of problems;

rash of something means “a number of similar things happening at the same time”;

World Cup fever means great excitement;

at fever pitch, to reach fever pitch refers to a point of very high intensity;

a jaundiced view (of smth.) - unenthusiastic or skeptical because of previous bad experiences;

to carry the scars of / be scarred by means “be permanently affected by a negative experience”;

b) Sport and fitness metaphors

I scored an own goal (= made things worse rather than better) when I told my boss it had only taken me a day to write the report. Now she wants me to write several a week.

My boss always seems to be moving the goalposts (= changing the rules), which makes it very difficult to know what he wants.

The new EU laws aim to provide a level playing field (= fair situation)for all member states.

He’s too young to be in the running (= seriously considered)for such a job.

The two main parties in the election are still neck and neck (= level with smb. and equally likely to win) in the opinion polls.

Politicians often skate around (= don’t talk directly about)a subject.

The students all sailed through (= passed very easily)their exams.

ACQUIRING COMMUNICATION SKILLS

4.19. Read the dialogues and discuss the questions below with a partner.

A Visit to the Doctor

Doctor: Well, what's the matter with you, Mr. Walker?

Mr. Walker: You’d better ask me what is not the matter with me, doctor. I seem to

be suffering from all the illnesses imagin­able: insomnia, headaches, backache, indigestion, constipa­tion, and pains in the stomach. To make things still worse, I’ve caught a cold, I’ve got a sore throat, and I’m constantly sneezing and coughing. To crown it all, I had an accident the other day, and hurt my right shoulder, leg and knee, and nearly broke my neck. If I take a long walk, I get short of breath. In fact, I feel more dead than alive.

Doctor: I’m sorry to hear that. Anyhow, I hope things aren’t as bad as you imagine. Let me examine you. Your heart, chest and lungs seem to be all right. Now open your mouth and show me your tongue. Now breathe in deeply, through the nose... There doesn’t seem to be anything radically wrong with you, but it’s quite clear that you’re run down, and if you don’t take care of yourself, you may have a nervous break­down and have to go to hospital. I advise you, first of all, to stop worrying. Take a long rest, have regular meals, keep to a diet of salads and fruit, and very little meat. Keep off alco­hol. If possible, give up smoking, at least for a time. Have this tonic made up and take two tablespoonfuls three times a day before meals. If you do this, I can promise you full re­covery within two or three months.

Mr. Walker: And if I don’t, doctor?

Doctor: Then you’d better make your will, if you haven’t yet done so.

Mr. Walker: I see. Well, thank you, doctor. I shall have to think it over and decide which is the lesser evil: to follow your advice or prepare for a better world.

 

At the Dentist’s

Nell: Hello, is that you, Bert? Nell here. I'm so glad I've found you in.

Bert: Hello, Nell. How’re things?

Nell: Fine. Listen, Bert. I’m bursting with news. Just imagine - yesterday I had the first real patient of my own.

Bert: You don’t say so! Who was it?

Nell: A nice old dear with a lot of teeth to be pulled out. It’s such wonderful practice for me!

Bert: Are you quite sure that some of his teeth couldn’t be filled?

Nell: None of them! I sent him to have his teeth X-rayed, so it’s all right.

Bert: How did you manage to get such a marvellous patient, I wonder?

Nell: He came with a bad toothache. It had been bothering him for a day or two already.

Bert: Were there no other dentists in the surgery?

Nell: No, I was the only one. It was Sunday.

Bert: Poor old thing! I hope you didn’t try to pull out all his teeth at once, did you?

Nell: Don’t be silly. I just chose the easiest one to begin with.

Bert: I see... And how did you get along?

Nell: Wonderfully. I tested his blood pressure and gave him a couple of injections, though he said that my smile worked better than any injection.

Bert: Oh, he did, did he? And he didn’t have a heart attack after the tooth was taken out? It would have been natural for an old man.

Nell: No, he just felt a bit sick and giddy. I gave him a tonic and told him to stay in bed for a while and take his temperature.

Bert: Perhaps I’d better drop in and check his heart? I’m on sick leave now and can do it at any time.

Nell: You needn’t. I’ll ring him up and in case he’s running a high temperature, I’ll let you know. But I do hope he won’t. The day after tomorrow he’s coming again.

Bert: Are you sure he’s not going to make an appointment with some other dentist?

Nell: I don’t think he will. When he was leaving, he said he looked forward to having all his teeth pulled out and he would keep them all as souvenirs to remember me by.

Bert: Well, I wish you good luck then. Hope to hear from you soon. Bye for now, Nell.

Nell: Good-bye, Bert. I’ll let you know how things are going on.

 

Questions:

1. What do you usually do when you get sick?

2. How often do you go to see the doctor? What specialists do you usually visit?

3. Do you always follow the doctor’s prescriptions?

4. How often do you visit the dentist? What problems with your teeth do you usually suffer from?

5. How would you feel when treated by a young doctor, who might have not very much experience? Have you ever been treated by such?

6. What usual treatment do Russian patients get from dentists?

 

4.20. a) Are you or any of your friends or relatives hypochondriac? Can a hypochondriac be treated or cured? Read the text and discuss these questions and the situation described in the text with a partner. b) Find a synonym to the word ‘doctor’ used in the text. c) Ask 7-10 questions about the text and be ready to retell the story.

 

At the Doctor's

a) A patient enters the room and tells the doctor what he/ she is suffering from.

b) The doctor asks the patient to strip to the waist and then examines him/ her.

c) The patient asks the doctor what’s wrong with him/ her. He/ she seems to be worried.

d) The doctor tries to comfort the patient and writes out a prescription.

At the Dentist's

a) A patient complains of a bad toothache.

b) The dentist asks him/ her to sit down and examines his/ her mouth. One of his / her teeth should be pulled out.

c) The patient is afraid. He/ she feels sick and giddy.

d) The dentist pulls out his/ her tooth and shows it to the patient who brightens up and looks happy.

At the Bedside

a) A boy complains of a sore throat.

b) His mother is worried. She takes his temperature, it’s normal. His throat is all right.

c) Then the boy pretends to have a stomach-ache and a headache, to be sick and giddy.

d) His mother understands he is feigning illness and orders him to go to school.

 

4.24. a) Skim the text to pick up its main idea. b) Answer the questions below. c) Compare the quality of healthcare in the US and in Russia?

WRITING

	4.33. Pick up any citation from the previous activity and write a 350-word essay using the citation as the title for the essay.
	4.34. Make up your prescription of staying healthy as long as possible. Use examples from your personal experience or form the experience of your friends and relatives.
	4.35. a) What is living stress free? Do some research on the topic by interviewing your friends and relatives and write a report on this. The questions below will help you to structure your paper. Feel free to add new questions to the list.

Living Stress Free

 

 

1. What situations do you find stressful (meeting someone for the first time, making a public speech, having much work to do, etc.)?

2. Do you work or study for long hours under stressful conditions?

3. What is the most stressful / least stressful job you can think of?

4. Which would you choose: A stressful job with very high pay or a relaxing job with considerably low pay? Why?

5. Does the place you live have a low-stress environment? What do you think “a low-stress environment” means?

6. How do you relieve stress (listening to a certain kind of music, going shopping, taking a long walk, being alone, being with other people, eating more or eating less, taking alcohol, etc.)?

7. Do you always follow the same pattern to relieve stress or do you try different things? Do you deal with stress differently than your parents do/did?

8. Are you capable of relieving your stress or do you need help?

9. What is the most stressful experience you have ever had? Did you learn anything from that experience?

10. What do you think is the greatest cause of stress for most people?

 

	b) Plan a low-stress, cheap, one-day holiday.
	4.36. What do you think of ‘sick building syndrome’? Explain what you think it is and give some written suggestions of how it can be treated.
	4.37. Compare the health systems of Russia, Great Britain and the USA. Write a short report on it and present it to class.
	4.38. Render the text in English.

 

Unit 4. The things I like and Dislike. My Health and Fitness.