III. Поставьте глагол в скобках в правильную форму страдательного залога.

1. These issues (to discuss) usually after work.

2. This problem (to deal) with at the moment.

3. She knew that she (to wait) for.

4. The novel (to translate) since last year.

5. You cannot sit here. The seat (to take).

6. The work (to finish) in a month.

7. Everything (to settle) already.

IV. Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. “Will you need the contract for a long time?,” asked the client.

2. “I have already learnt enough about this company”, said the manager.

3. “I think I shall be free on Friday”, said my boss to his partner.

4. “Will you be able to find his telephone number?,” asked the secretary.

5. “Please, don’t ask me any more questions”, he said to me.

6. “I shall finish my work with documents by Monday”, said the secretary.

V. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующейся форме.

1. If you (to give) me your address, I shall send you all details.

2. If he (to work) hard, he would have achieved great progress.

3. If I (to have) his telephone number, I should easily settle this matter with him.

4. If we (to receive) a message from our partner, we won’t be so worry.

5. If my friend (to be) at home, he will tell us what to do.

6. I should be very glad if he (to come) to my place.

VI. Переведите предложения, содержащие конструкцию Complex Object. Подчеркните этот оборот в каждом предложении.

1. Economists suppose economic growth to lower unemployment rate rapidly.

2. The manager wants to employ three more workers.

3. The manager expects the workers will handle the new equipment carefully.

4. Higher prices for inputs make producers to rise for output.

5. The sellers know these factors to influence consumers’ decision to buy.

VII. Переведите предложения, содержащие конструкцию Complex Subject. Подчеркните этот оборот в каждом предложении.

1. Labor, machinery, raw materials, energy are known to be input.

2. This practice has been found to require new capital investment.

3. Taxes are assumed to redistribute incomes within an economy.

4. New banking services seem to come into life rapidly.

5. Positive economics is sure to play an essential part in social life.

 

VIII. Прочитайте текст и переведите его письменно.

UK Local Government Reforms

Until the late 1980s, local government in the United Kingdom was financed from three sources. First, households paid domestic rates, that are a property tax assessed on hypothetical house prices. Second, local firms paid business rates on their property. The Third, the largest source was from central government.

The Thatcher government believed this system resulted in overspending by local governments. Many poor households did not pay rates but still had a vote (право голоса) and voted for high-spending programs. Firms paid rates but had no vote at all. Only about 20% of local government revenue came from households paying rates. Most firms were against raising property assessment, the basis of the property tax, as market prices were rising.

The reform of local government in 1990 made three changes. First, education in state schools was moved from local to central government. Second, instead of local business rates a national business rate was imposed. Business property re-assessment corresponding to market prices led to great increases in the taxed property. Whereas before the reform each local government collected all this revenue and distributed it to local governments in proportion to the local population. Money from the rich south, where property prices were high, moved to the poorer north. Third, domestic rates gave way to poll tax, that is, a tax per head with some relief (налоговая льгота) for the poorest households.

IX. Ответьте на следующие вопросы к тексту.

1. What were the three sources of financing British local governments before 1990?

2. What did this system result in?

3. Why was there a protest against raising assessment?

4. Was all taxed property re-assessed during the reform?

5. How did financial position of different regions of the UK change?