Scribes, waterbearers, potters, smiths, brewers, other craftsmen and shepherds. 766

Cf. Haas - Jakob-Bost 1984: 23: Haas 1994a: 427 with n. 66; Popko 2001a: 331 with n. 19.

Pecchioli Daddi 1982: 388f.; 2004.

Pecchioli Daddi 1982: 390.

Pecchioli Daddi 1982: 391ff.; Haas 1994a: 3941; Miller 2002; Taggar-Cohen 2006a: 1771. 3871

Taggar-Cohen 2006a: 279ff.

KUB 13.4 iii 41

Klinger 1996: 7521 with references.

Pecchioli Daddi 1982: 336fl; Klinger 1996: 747; Schuol 2004: 163ff.

Yoshida 1999: 242, 2451; Schuol 2004: 1611; CHD S lOff.

Pecchioli Daddi 1982: 2971: Schuol 2004: 158, 1.60.

Pecchioli Daddi 1982: 401fl; Jian 1994; Arikan 2002; cf. also Rutherford 2004.

762 Pecchioli Daddi 1982: 385fl; Rö ß le 2004; Tom 2008; now also HW 2 1.1.1/1: 548fl

763 Pecchioli Daddi 1982: 399f!

KUB 13.4 ii 82, iii 31. Klinger 2002: 101; Taggar-Cohen 2006a: 53. 55, 761

765 KUB 38.12 i 11, Güterbock 1972: 1301; dei Monte - Tischler 1978: 17711: Pecchioli Daddi 1982:

Oft; Taggar-Cohen 2006a: 22ff.

See, e.g., KUB 38.12 i 9fl. dei Monte - Tischler 1978: 17711; Pecchioli Daddi 1982: 210ff; Taggar-

Cohen 2006a: 22.

Hittite Anatoua

Most oi the temples existing in the Old Hittite period on Büyükkale in Hattusa

(3.1.3) continued in Operation, although changes in the official pantheon resulted in

767

Tessub of Halab taking over the old temple of the Anatolian Storm-god,'* and the

Goddess Ailatu replacing Lelwani as the main deity worshiped in the hesta- house.

D,

The temple of ' LAMMA mentioned in the texts must have been the old temple of

Inar; it should not fae confused with the House of the kursa in the palace residence,

Which was now the seat of Zithariya. New sanciuaries were built for Ea and

DINGIE.MAH. Furthermore, Suwaliyat / Tasmisu (D URAS), Sulinkatte (D U.GUR),

Hasammili, Miyatanzipa (ß GIR), Halki, Parka, Katahha, and mysterious Hannu also

Had their cult places there. The Sun-goddess of Arinna was worshiped not only in

her (modest) temple on the acropolis, but also jointly with Mezzula in her huwasi ■

768

Preei.net located by some scholars on nearby Kizlarkayasi.

Numerous craftsmen and merehants, including many foreigners, lived in the Lower

City of Hattusa. Each of these groups of Professionals had its guild divinities, mostly of

Foreign origin. Texts testify to a connection between the temple of Zulumma/i (per-

769

haps one of the manifestations of Ea) and merehants,'' while the craftsmen wor-

Shiped Surra, whose temple was located near the city gate referred to as asusa.

This pari of the city was also the location of the temples of Hanzunzi, Zizzi and

Sisummi. Tanners and leatherworkers who worshiped. the Maliya divinities lived dose

by a stream outside the asusa-gate. ‘ ‘ 1

The Great Temple, otherwise called Temple I, dedicated to the Storm-god and

The Sun-goddess of Arinna, was known as Great House (fi A GAL) to the Hittites. 172

It was raised in the Lower City in the reign of Tuthaliya IV. Before that the chief

Popko 2002. The Anatolian Storm-god, however, referred to also as Taparwasu (see n. 297), was

Still worshiped in the same celia with bis inseparable companion Wasezzili/Wasez(z)asu, cf. KBo

2.29 rev. TI; KBo 21.49+KBo 39.87 ii 13\: KBo 39.88 ü 10f., Archi 2007a: 53. Taparwasu and

Wasezasu x-eceived offerings also at the huwasi(- precinct?) of the Storm-god (KUB 30.41 iv

Laroche 1966b: 1.70; Yoshida 1998: 321 n. 7), evidenced already in the Old Hittite texts (3.1.3),

Pierallini — Popko 1998: 127f.

KUB 57,95 iv off., Otten 1959a.

KUB 10.1 i 5’ff.; cf. Singer 1983: 63, 123; 1984: 22.

Pierallini - Popko 1998: 120ff. Cf. also Pierallini 2000: 325ff. One eannot agree with Pierallini

(2000: 33211), who would li'ke to locate shrines of Parka. Sisummi, Surra, Zulumma, Ea,

DINGIE.MAH and Katahha in the so-called Südareal situated to the Southwest of Temple I.

The temples of Ea, DINGIE.MAH and Katahha stood certainly on Büyükkale (see above).

For the Identification of the Great Temple with the E nM GAL that appears in texts from the

Latest phase of the Empire period, see:n, 268.

n

133

The Empire Period

Pair of the state pantheon does not seem to have been worshiped together in a shared

Sanctuary. The temple was charged also with supplying other cults in the Capital

And the provinces. Tins purpose was served by huge storerooms, temple ateliers and

the archive of cuneiform tablets with a scriptorium operating in it.' 73

The construction of the Great Temple crowned Tuthaliya IV’s reorganization of

the state cult in the Capital and in the land. ~ Offerings were made in this temple