It is not known whether the Storm-god of Hurma is identical with the local allomorph of the

Storm-god of Ziplanda, mentioned together with his consort Anzili in a text from Ku§akli/Sarissa,

KuT 53; see 3.1.2 with n, 289.

EXJB 6.45 i 741. Singer 1996: 13, 34.

Wilhelm 2003 -2005.

KUB 6.45 i 78, Singer 1996: 13, 36.

In the kaluiJA ist of Tessub of Sapinuwa, Wegner 2002: 58.

|

Jti

119

The Empire Pbeiod

as ‘Calf of Tessub,’ saered bulls Seri and Hurri, holy mountains Namni and Hazzi,

Ugur of Tessub, hero of Tessub (heroes in another text), divine ancestors of

Tessub, his weapons and various attributes, all (the remaining) divinities from

Tessub’s circle, gods of the city and the land of Haiti, and furnishings that, presum-

Ably belonged to Tessub’s cella, induding a solar disc (sapsi hisammi) of his con-

cubine, whose name is concealed under the logogram ' NIN.E.GAL ‘Lady of the

Palace.’ 602

The kaluti-hst of Hebat includes: her son Sarrumma and daughters Allanzu and

Kunzisalli, maidservant Tagidu, mother goddesses Hudena Hudellurra, Ishara, Al-

Lani, Umbu—Nikkal, Sauska with her maidservants Ninatta and Kulitta, Sauska of

Nineveh with Ninatta and Kulitta, Nabarbi, Suwala, Aya-Ikaldu / Ayu(n) - Ekaldi,

Ursui-Iskalli, Salas bitinhi, Adamma, Kubaba, Hasuntarhi, divine ancestors

Of Hebat, her different furnishings and attributes, goddesses of the city and the land

Of Hatti, minor divinities, furnishings and cult objects connected with Hebat, induding

Zulhinida, Tarbanduki and Zumewa, vizier of Hebat, Tiabendi, mountains Agulliri

853

And Kallistabi, rivers Samura and Sidarbu.

Tessub, Sauska, Sun-god Simige, Moon-god Kusuh, Kumarbi and the Earth -

Heaven pair were Pan-Hurrian deities who were worshiped in all the lands inhab-

Ited by the Hurrians, from the Zagros mountains and territory east of the Tigris

River all the way to southeastern Anatolia. The old Hurrian god Lubadag, venerated

In the third millennium BC in Urkes/Tell Mozan, is confirmed in the Western

854

Tradition as Nubadig. Having arrived in Syria in the beginning of the seeond mil

Lennium BC, the Hurrians incorporated some of the local gods into their religion.

G55

Divinities from the Syrian Substrate include: Hebat, Ishara, Nabarbi, Suwala,

V r v g50

Salas/Salus, Adamma, Kubaba and Astabi(l). Also of local origin, worshiped in

057

Southeastern Anatolia and northem Syria, were Sarrumma and Lelluri,

652 Laroche 1948: 115f.;.1952: 118; Güterbock 1961a: 3ff.: Wegner 2002: 53f. Cf. also Otten

B: 28.

Laroche 1948: Wegner 2002: 55f.

Wilhelm 1987-1990.

For Suwala. who was worshiped in the city of Mardaman in northem Syria, see Schwemer 2001:

Ff. with references.

Haas 1978; Archi 1992; 1998h; cf. also Hutter 1996: 124ff.

657 Haas 1994a: 4Ö9f.

120

The Empire Period

.21

Hittite Anatolia

A goddess venerated in Kummani, Capital of Kizzuwatna, as the spouse of the

Mountain-god Manuzi identified with Tessub. Numerous Mesopotamian gods also

Entered mto the Hurrian pantheon, some of them probably already in the third

Millennium BC, among others, Anu, Ea, Damkina, Aya, Pirengir, and Nikkal, spouse

Of the Moon-god,

The western Hurrian pantheon was thus a specific amaigam of Hurrian, Meso

Potamian and Syrien beliefe. Lluis Feliu rightly commented on the issue of its struc-

Ture: “If we accept that the basic structure and pattem of the Hurrian pantheon are

Foreign, we could propose the hypothesis that at least in part, this structure had

A Syrian origin. E, Laroche and W.G. Lambert faave already proposed a Sumerian

Structure of the Hurrian pantheon; it is possible, however, that the basic model was

The pantheon of the Middle Euphrates, with Dagan as head of the pantheon, father

of the gods and father of the Storm-god.” ß ‘ >8

God of the life-giving rains which ensured Vegetation, Tessub, was not originally

The supreme god of the pantheon. He came to be at its head as the storm-gods gained

In importance all over the Ancient Near East in the beginning of the second millen

nium BC. bo9 The main center ofhis eult was the unidentified town of Kummi(ya).' lj0

The chariot of the Hurrian Storm-god was drawn by bis sacred bulle Serifsu)