Exercise 2.1. Make necessary changes in the sentences to use the Passive Voice.

1. The girls water the flowers every day.

2. They published this magazine in Paris.

3. They did not show this film last week.

4. He will not finish the work tomorrow.

5. I have posted the letter.

Find sentences with Passive Voice in the texts and define the tenses

Find in the texts sentences with modal verbs. Translate them. Copy them out.

Write down equivalents to the modal verbs, which you have picked up in the texts

Use these modal verbs and their equivalents in your own sentences

Translate these sentences into Ukrainian

1. If you do not agree, you must say so.

2. She must think I am stupid.

3. You must give me your address.

4. Mother says we must not stay too long.

5. We must discuss this business just now.

6. I have to be at work early in the morning.

7. I shall have to think about this tomorrow.

8. I had to go away for several weeks on business.

9. The furniture was to be delivered on Friday.

10. You need not do that.

 

Step 3

Project Work Discussion. Fisheries

(Speaking-Reading-Speaking –Writing)

Read and translate text B, write down unknown words and translate them.

Text B

Fisheries

Fisheries are regions of water where the levels of particular species are suitable for commercial harvesting. In addition to cropland and rangelands, fisheries represent one of the world’s three major systems of food supply, as they provide food for approximately one billion people worldwide. The following is a list of some of the most commercially valuable species of fish and shellfish: herring, sardines and anchovies: these small fish feed on plankton near the surface of coastal waters and often form large schools; salmon: these surface dwelling (pelagic) fish live in the northern water of the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean, they are praized for their size and taste and while they do not form schools, they are easily captured when they migrate in groups to freshwater streams for breeding; cod: these bottom-dwelling (demersal) fish from large schools and feed mostly on crabs and mollusks; mackerels and tunas: these pelagic fish are top carnivores that hunt in schools for smaller fish in the surface waters of the open sea; flatfish: species such as flounder, sole and halibut live on the ocean bottom of the continental shelf; invertebrate mollusks and crustaceans: species such as shrimp, crab and lobster actually command the highest market prices.

Aquaculture is the commercial raising of fish and shellfish for food. As overfishing becomes an increasingly serious problem, the practice of aquaculture is growing at a rate of about 6% per year, and it currently supplies one-fourth of the world”s commercial fish harvest. There are two major types of aquaculture: fish farming and fish ranching.

Fish farming uses a controlled environment, usually a pond or tank, to breed and raise fish until they reach the desired size for harvesting. Fish ranching, on the other hand, holds fish in captivity for the first few years of their lives, releases them and then harvests the adults when they return to breed. This practice is used most commonly with salmon, as these fish almost always return to the exact location of their birth for breeding. Overall, the most common species of fish and shellfish that are harvested through aquaculture includes mussels, oysters, shrimps, clams, carp, tilapia, salmon.

 

Make a list of commercially valuable species of fish and shellfish

Take each of them and describe the place of its living

Name species which command the highest market prices

Explain the following terms: 1/ fish farming, 2/ fish ranching

Prove the point: Aquaculture is the commercial raising of fish and shellfish for food. Use text A and text B for your approval