Motivation Lecture from Syzdykov M.K

Besides the educational lectures there was a motivational lecture devoted to our future which was represented by Syzdykov Murat. He told us that the most important thing is to decide and choose the career that will give only pleasure for us. Only when we realize that we will be helpful for our country and future development. Teachers and professors are giving us education but it is our choice how to percept it.

Trip to Geological Museum

An important experience for us was a trip to geological museum. We were divided into groups of 15 people. There was a guide who explained us everything that was contained in the museum. We studied everything on the lessons of Physical Geology but it was just a theoretical part, so, the trip was a good chance to see all minerals in real life. There was a variety of all types of rocks such as igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks.

 

Sedimentology

Sedimentology encompasses the study of modern sediments such as sand, silt, and clay, and the processes that result in their formation (erosion and weathering),transport, deposition and diagenesis. Sedimentologists apply their understanding of modern processes to interpret geologic history through observations of sedimentary rocks and sedimentary structures.

Sedimentary rocks cover up to 75% of the Earth's surface, record much of the Earth's history, and harbor the fossil record. Sedimentology is closely linked to stratigraphy, the study of the physical and temporal relationships between rock layers or strata.

The premise that the processes affecting the earth today are the same as in the past is the basis for determining how sedimentary features in the rock record were formed. By comparing similar features today to features in the rock record—for example, by comparing modern sand dunes to dunes preserved in ancient aeolian sandstones—geologists reconstruct past environments.

There are four primary types of sedimentary rocks: clastics, carbonates, evaporites, and chemical.

· Clastic rocks are composed of particles derived from the weathering and erosion of precursor rocks and consist primarily of fragmental material. Clastic rocks are classified according to their predominant grain size and their composition. In the past, the term "Clastic Sedimentary Rocks" were used to describe silica-rich clastic sedimentary rocks, however there have been cases of clastic carbonate rocks. The more appropriate term is siliciclastic sedimentary rocks.

· Organic sedimentary rocks are important deposits formed from the accumulation of biological detritus, and form coal and oil shaledeposits, and are typically found within basins of clastic sedimentary rocks.

· Carbonates are composed of various carbonate minerals (most often calcium carbonate (CaCO₃)) precipitated by a variety of organic and inorganic processes. Typically, the majority of carbonate rocks are composed of reef material.

· Evaporites are formed through the evaporation of water at the Earth's surface and most commonly include halite or gypsum.

· Chemical sedimentary rocks, including some carbonates, are deposited by precipitation of minerals from aqueous solution. These include jaspilite and chert.

Motivation Lecture from Kuralkanov D.K.

The first lesson of the second week were started with a motivation lecture from Kuralkhan D.K. This lecture was so interesting and inspiring. He said that motivation in the school context has been highlighted in several studies in recent years. In most cases, the goal has been to find ways to influence students to increase their involvement in learning activities. More effective approach would be to encourage students to generate their own connections and discover for themselves the relevance of course material to their lives. This method gives students the opportunity to make connections to topics and areas of greatest interest to their lives.

Well monitoring by Abirov R.M

At this lesson, we were listen the most interesting lecture related to subject, which calls strength of materials. In addition, teacher gave us tubes from the juice and said us to build bridge to check strength of it. Firstly, it was important to choose right construction and we did it.

· Logging While Drilling

– petrophysical data

· Measurements While Drilling

– directional surveys

– drilling mechanics data

– real-time data transmission

· A more specific definition is the acquisition of petrophysical data.

· Generally, LWD offers the same measurements as wireline, with some differences in quality, resolution and/or coverage.

· Measurements While Drilling or MWD. MWD refers to the acquisition and collection of wellbore deviation directional surveys the acquisition and collection of drilling mechanics data, like downhole torque, pressure, or vibration

· The process of sending the data uphole in real-time.

Wireline vs LWD

Wireline

– small, light and delicate

– since the 30s

– high data speeds

– easy communication

– good borehole contact

– powered through cable

– takes time

– after-the-fact

– specific coverage

– problem at high deviation

– susceptible to hole condition

LWD

– big, heavy and tough

– since the 70s

– slow telemetry

– limited control

– subject to drilling

– batteries and mud turbine

– transparent to drilling

– real-time

– azimuthal

– can log in any direction

– more capable in tough env.

 

Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology (" nanotech ") is manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology. A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative, which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers. This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter which occur below the given size threshold. It is therefore common to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to the broad range of research and applications whose common trait is size. Because of the variety of potential applications (including industrial and military), governments have invested billions of dollars in nanotechnology research. Until 2012, through its National Nanotechnology Initiative, the USA has invested 3.7 billion dollars, the European Union has invested 1.2 billion and Japan 750 million dollars.

Nanotechnology as defined by size is naturally very broad, including fields of science as diverse as surface science, organic chemistry, molecular biology, semiconductor physics, microfabrication, etc. The associated research and applications are equally diverse, ranging from extensions of conventional device physics to completely new approaches based upon molecular self-assembly, from developing new materials with dimensions on the nanoscale to direct control of matter on the atomic scale.

Scientists currently debate the future implications of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology may be able to create many new materials and devices with a vast range of applications, such as in nanomedicine, nanoelectronics, biomaterials energy production, and consumer products. On the other hand, nanotechnology raises many of the same issues as any new technology, including concerns about the toxicity and environmental impact of nanomaterials, and their potential effects on global economics, as well as speculation about various doomsday scenarios. These concerns have led to a debate among advocacy groups and governments on whether special regulation of nanotechnology is warranted.

 

Intellectual game

The revision for our educational practice was an intellectual game. The game was divided into three sections. The first section contained 35 questions concerning all lectures that we have learned during our practice. They are related to sedimentology, petroleum geology, drilling, enhanced oil recovery, pressures and other themes. Also we had different tasks such as task for finding the layers of shale, gas water and other in other words a correlation which we studied on our Petroleum Geology lessons.