Употребление артиклей с порядковыми числительными

 

Правила	Примеры	Примечания
Перед существительным
Основное употребление (с the)	the third month the second page the first room the Second World War	Ho: page two (2) room twenty-two (22) World War II (the Second)
В значении «еще один» ( а/an )	A second man entered the room.
После существительного
С именами монархов (с the)	Elisabeth II = Elisabeth the Second Peter I = Peter the First

Упражнение 12. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо. Обратите внимание на употребление артиклей с числительными:

 

1.... room 25 is on... 3d floor. 2.... lecture begins at... 9 o'clock in... morning. 3.... 5 o'clock tea is... tradition in England. 4. Open... textbook on... page 20 and look at... picture at... top of... page. 5.... February is... shortest month of... year. 6. He reads... story from... beginning to... end. 7.... new year begins on... 1 st of... January. 8. She is in... 10th year at... school and her brother is... 3d year student at... university. 9.... number 10, Downing Street is... residence of... British Prime Minister. 10.... fish is more useful than... meat. 11. Don't drink... milk, it is very cold. 12.... water in... river is quite warm this summer. 13. Can you bake... bread? 14.... bread isn't enough for... three of us. 15.1 take... coffee with... sugar. 16.... English like to drink... tea with... milk. 17.... man can't live without... air. 18. There was... smell of... spring in... air. 19. You married her not for... love but for... money.

Упражнение 13. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо. Обратите внимание на употребление артикля с географическими названиями:

 

1. … Moscow is situated on... Moscow River....Moscow is a river that moves very slowly. There is... canal called... Moscow-Volga Canal which joins... Moscow to... Volga.... Volga runs into... Cas­pian Sea. 2. Several rivers run into... sea at... New York.... most important is... Hudson River which empties into... Atlantic Ocean. Besides... Hudson there are... two other rivers:... East River and... Harlem River. 3. In... Siberia there are many long rivers:... Ob,... Irtysh,... Yenissei,... Lena and... Amur. 4.... Altai Mountains are... higher than... Urals. 5. There is... splendid... view of... Lake Ge­neva from this hotel. 6. My... friends have travelled a lot. This... year they are going to fly to... Canary Islands. 7. Which river flows through... London? —... Thames. 8. Of which country is... Washington... capital? —... United States. 9.... United King­dom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 10. Chicago is on... Lake Michigan.

 

Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:

in the north to the north

in the south to the south

in the east to the east

in the west to the west

Упражнение 14. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо, объясните его употребление:

1.... Thames is... short river. 2.... Russia is washed by... Arctic Ocean in... north. 3. Kiev is to... south of... Moscow. 4.... Europe is... continent. 5.... Moscow is... capital of... Russia. 6. Is... Asia... island or... continent? 7.... Black Sea is in... south of our country. 8.... White Sea is in... north of our country. 9. This is... map of... world. Can you read... map? What can you see on... map? What... colour are... valleys on... map? 10. Petrov is... architect. He is... experienced architect. He is in... Far East. He has... wife. His wife is... typist. They have... son and... daughter. 11.... Philippines are situated to... southeast of... Asia.

Упражнение 15. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо. Обратите внимание на устойчивые словосочетания: to have a good time, from morning till night, all day long, a lot of:

 

1. Did you have... good time in the country? — Oh, yes.... weather was fine. We were out of... doors from... morning till... night. We played... football,... volleyball and... other games. We came... home late at... night and went to... bed at once. 2. Look at... clock! It is... quarter past ten. Go to... bed at once. 3.... sun rises in... east and sets in... west. 4. We spent last summer in... Ukraine, in... little village on... bank of... big river with... very warm water. There was... wood on... other side of... river. We often went to... wood and gathered... lot of... mushrooms. 5. My friend likes to play... chess. He is ready to play... chess all... day long. He is... best chess player in our school.

 

Упражнение 16. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо, переведите предложения:

 

1. Teckle comes from... very old country on... Nile. It is called... Ethiopia.... Ethiopia is... beau­tiful mountainous country. Teckle is... young man. He wants to become... engineer. He is very happy to be... student of... St. Petersburg University. He spends... lot of time at... library reading and stud­ying different subjects. Very often in... evening his new friends and he walk about... city talking about their native countries. 2. Galina lives in... Ukraine. She lives in... small village near... Odessa. She is... librarian. She always has... lot of... work. Gali­na wants to enter... Moscow University and now she is preparing for... entrance exams. 3. My friend lives in... America. He is... student. He studies... history at... Harvard University. 4. Every year, thousands of... students come to... Cambridge from overseas to study... English. Use,... German student, graduated from... Cambridge University two... years ago.

 

Упражнение 17. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо. Обратите внимание на устойчивые словосочетания in fact, the same. Подготовьте хорошее чтение рассказа:

 

A Clever Parrot

 

In... small town in... East there was once... man who had... parrot.... parrot was taught to say... words, "There is no doubt about it." It used to re­peat these words all... day long. Every time it was asked... question, it gave... same answer, "There is no doubt about it." One day... man decided to sell... bird; so he put... parrot into... cage and went to... market with it. "Twenty pounds for... very clever parrot!" he cried.... man who was passing by heard this and turned to... parrot. "Are you worth twenty pounds?" he asked. "There is no doubt about it!" answered... parrot. "What... clever parrot!" said... man and bought... bird. He took... parrot home and invited his friends to look at... clever bird.... friends came and looked at... parrot and talked to it. Now you must know that... man was not rich. In... fact, he was often short of... money. So... week or two later, sitting in... armchair and looking at... parrot, he said, "What... fool I was to throw away such... lot of... money!" "There is no doubt about it!" cried... parrot. And this time... bird was right.

Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:

to the cinema at the cinema

to the theatre at the theatre

to the shop at the shop

to the market at the market

to go for a walk

Упражнение 18. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо, переведите предложения:

 

1. Let's go to... shop. I must buy... bread and... milk. 2. I was at... cinema yesterday. — What... film did you see? — Oh, I saw... very good film. I think it is... best film of... year. 3. Do you often go to... theatre? — No, I don't. I like to go to...theatre, but I am very busy. I work from... morn­ing till... night. I even have no... time to play... piano. 4. Oleg has... lot of... interesting books at... home. 5.... lot of... tourists from... different countries come to... St. Petersburg. They want to see one of... most beautiful cities in... world. 6. My new friend said to me, "I am... student in... first year at Harvard." 7. We went to... cinema in... evening. 8. What... foreign languages does your father speak? — He speaks... English. He studied... English at... school. 9. I am interested in... His­tory. 10. We played... tennis at... lesson of... Physical Training yesterday. We had... good time. 11. Did you go for... walk yesterday? — No, we didn't.... weather was bad, and we went to... cine­ma. 12.What are your friends doing? — Mary is playing... piano. Tom and Nick are playing... chess.

 

Запомните следующие конструкции:

The famous English writer Dickens lived in the 19th century.

Dickens, a famous English writer, lived in the 19th century.

 

Упражнение 19. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо. Обратите внимание на устойчивые словосочетания типа on horseback, on board a ship. Переведите текст:

Swift,... famous English writer, was travelling one day on... horseback with his servant.... weather was bad, it was raining, and... roads were muddy. In... evening these two men came to... inn. Before going to... bed Swift told his servant to clean his boots. But... servant was lazy and did not do it. In... morning Swift asked... servant why he had not cleaned... boots. "What's... use cleaning... boots now?" said... servant. "... roads are muddy, and... boots will soon be dirty again." "All right," said... writer. "Let's go. We must continue... journey." "But I haven't had... breakfast," said... displeased servant. "Well, what's... use giving you... break­fast now?" said Swift. "You will soon be hungry again."

 

Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:

 

It's high time to take care of

To take aim such a..

To take time

Упражнение 20. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо. Подготовьте хорошее чтение рассказа:

The Crow and Her Children

... crow once said to her children, "It's... high time for you to look for... food." With these words she turned them out of... nest and took them to... field. But... crow's children did not like... idea. "We'd rather go back to... nest," they cried. "It's so nice when you bring... food to us!" "Indeed!" said their mother. "You are big enough to feed your­selves. My mother turned me out of... nest when I was much younger, and I had to take... care of myself." "But... people will kill us with their guns," said... young crows. "No... fear of that," answered their mother. "Before... people shoot, they take... aim, and that takes... time. When you see... man raising... gun to his face, you must just fly away." "That's... simple thing to do," said... children, "but supposing... man or... boy wants to throw... stone at us: in such... case he won't have to take... aim." "Well, then he will have to bend down to pick up... stone," said... crow. "But what if he carries... stone in his hand ready?" "Why, if you are clever enough to think of that," said... mother, "you are clever enough to take... care of yourselves." And she flew away leaving... young crows in... field.

Обратите внимание на употребление артикля со словами:

another — другой (неопределенный), какой-то дру­гой, еще один

(во множественном числе или перед неисчисляемым существительным — other);

the other — другой (определенный), тот другой, другой из двух

Упражнение 21. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо. Прочитайте и переведите рассказ:

... group of... farmers were sitting in... village house, and among... other things they began talk­ing about... echoes. One of... farmers said that there was... wonderful echo in... field near his farm where there was... large group of... trees. All... other farmers said that they would like to hear... echo, and... farmer invited them to come... next afternoon. But... fact was that... farmer did not really have... echo he had told... other farmers about. So when he came... home, he sent for... son of... cook and told him to go to... field, hide him­self among... trees and imitate everything that was said.... next day... other farmers came, and... farmer took them to... field to listen to... wonder­ful echo. When they were in... field, he shouted at... top of his voice, "Are you there?" The answer came back, "Yes, I've been here for two hours!"

Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:

At sunrise

At sunset

In the country

To the country

In town

To town

bybus bytram bytrain by car

 

Упражнение 22. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо. Прочитайте и перескажите рассказ:

On Sunday

On... Sunday our family went to... country. We got up at... sunrise and quickly had... breakfast. After... breakfast we left... home. There is... lit­tle village not far from... St. Petersburg where we have... friends. We went there by... train. We had... very good time in... country.... weather was fine,... sky was blue and... sun was shining. We stayed out of... doors all... day long. We played... volley­ball and... tennis. We returned to... town late in.. evening. When we came... home, we had... sup­per and went to... bed at once.

 

Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:

In spring in autumn

In summer in winter

 

Упражнение 23. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо, переведите предложения:

 

1. Look at... sky. It is covered with... dark clouds. Let's hurry... home. 2. It was very pleasant to live in... country in... summer.... weather was fine and it seldom rained. Summer is... fine season. 3. How lovely... night is! There are no... clouds in... sky and... air is so fresh. 4. When spring comes,... sun shines brighter,... snow melts,... days be­come longer. 5. Winter is... good time for sports. 6. On... Sunday my friend and I usually go to... country. We ski, skate, play... snowballs and have... very good time. 7.... fog is so dense that it is difficult to walk. 8. My friend is... very good chess player. 9. In... summer we lived in... country and went up to... town by... train. 10. Tomorrow is... Sunday. If it is too hot in... town, we shall go to... country. And on... Monday we shall come back. 11.... Autumn is... most beautiful... season of... year.

Упражнение 24. Переведите на английский язык. Обратите внимание на употребление артиклей:

1. У нее голубые глаза и светлые волосы. 2. Я люблю бананы и ананасы. 3. Ее муж — писатель. 4. Кофе слиш­ком крепкий, и в нем много сахара, а я люблю кофе без сахара. 5. Обед был великолепный, хотя я не люблю обе­дать в ресторане. 6. Вас спрашивает какой-то мужчина. 7. Это была хорошенькая молодая девушка, похожая на куклу. 8. Я не люблю темноту, поэтому я включила свет. 9. Париж – столица Франции. 10. С утра до вечера он загорает на пляже. 11. Он пошел в школу в возрасте шес­ти лет. 12. Новость удивила меня. 13. Я не люблю прово­дить отпуск в городе. 14. Когда ты отправляешься на ра­боту утром? 15. Слон – самое крупное животное. 16. В детстве он играл на скрипке и на пианино. 17. Вода в Балтийском море всегда холодная. 18. Вы найдете уп­ражнение на десятой странице. 19. В прошлом году Ели­завета Вторая, королева Англии, посетила Россию. 20. Кофе не популярен в Англии, англичане предпочи­тают чай. 21. Джеймс все еще спит? 22. Мы должны схо­дить в больницу навестить ее. 23. Когда вы закончили школу (университет)? 24. Он родился на Дальнем Вос­токе, потом жил на Урале, а сейчас он где-то на севере. 25. Нет дыма без огня. 26. День независимости России –12 июня. 27. Он объехал Южную Америку с севера до юга. 28. Нидерланды и Голландия – одна и та же страна. 29. Географическим центром Лондона является Тра­фальгарская площадь. 30. Это прекрасные новости. 31. Он всегда читает «Таймс» за завтраком.

 

Упражнение 25. Запомните устойчивые выражения и составьте свои примеры с ними:

the top ofthe page верх страницы

the beginning of themovie начало фильма

the end of theavenue конец авеню

the middle of theroad середина дороги

the samestreet одна (и та же) улица

the police полиция (данного города),

the armyармия (данного государства)

on the groundна земле (не в воздухе)

in the countryв деревне (не в городе)

in the city centerв центре города

to play the pianoиграть на пианино

to listen to the radioслушать радио

to the movies, to the theaterв кино, в театр

at the bank, at the post officeв банке, на почте

in the hospitalв больнице

at the airportв аэропорту

to the doctor, to the dentistк врачу, к зубному врачу

Местоимение (The Pronoun)

Местоимение – часть речи, которая указывает на лицо, предметы, на их признаки, количество, но не называет их. Местоимение обычно употребляется в предложении вместо имени существительного или имени прилагательного, иногда вместо числительного и наречия.

Jane studies the Russian language. She likes it. Джейн изучает русский язык. Он ей нравится.

She has some books in Russian. У неё есть несколько книг на русском языке.