It is impolite to speak with your mouth full of food, as well as to eat off a knife.

Составьте короткий отчет по тому, что можно и что нельзя в России:

In Russia it's normal to …

In Russia it is considered (считается) impolite to …

In Russia most people ….

In Russia most people don’t …

Unfortunately (к сожалению) in Russia not many people …

 

8. Продолжите предложения о том, что принято/не принято делать, если человек хорошо воспитан:

 

We say that a person “wants manners” when he/she …

We say that a person “wants manners” when he/she does not

 

9. Составьте предложения с модальным глаголом should (должен, следует) и must not = mustn ’ t (ни в коем случае):

1. Indoors you should …

2. When queuing you should not …

3. When you are introduced to somebody you should …

4. When you are introduced to somebody you should not …

5. If you want to yawn you should …

6. Even if somebody looks very unusual you should not …

7. If somebody helps you, you should …

8. If you bump into somebody you should …

10. Опишите правила поведения при помощи модальных глаголов should (должен/следует) и must not = mustn ’ t (ни в коем случае).

1. In England: do stand in line!

2. Do take your hat off when you go indoors (men only).

3. Do say "Excuse Me".

4. Do say "Please" and "Thank you".

Do cover your mouth when yawning, coughing and sneezing.

Do shake hands.

Do say sorry.

Do smile.

Do drive on the left side of the road.

10. Do open doors for other people.

Never eat off a knife when having a meal.

It is impolite speak with your mouth full of food.

Do not burp in public.

14. Do not spit.

Avoid doing gestures such as backslapping and hugging.

Do not pick your nose in public.

Do not ask a lady her age.

It is impolite to stare at anyone in public.

Avoid talking loudly in public.

Do not greet people who are not your relatives or close friends with a kiss.

 

Прочитайте и переведите предложения. Что Вы    считаете наиболее важным для того, чтобы найти   себе друзей    в Великобритании? Подчеркните то, что Вы   вкладываете в каждый принцип и выберите 3 наиболее важных      из них:

 

1. Dress smartly (It means: a) wear only suits and shirts; b) wear only tatty jeans and T-shirts c) wear fashionable clothes whatever they are; d) wear clothes which fit you and suit you)

2. Be friendly and ready to help (It means: a) in all sitiations offer your help; b) offer your help when needed; c) offer your assistance to all who need it – for example, a woman with a pram getting on or off a bus; d) offer your assistance to your friends or relatives, or people who you want to become your friends).

3. Talk less and listen more. (It means: a) be polite when you are talking to others and try to always listen intently; b)Try to speak about yourself less and focus on creating a great conversation.)

4. Be trustworthy. (It means: a) show people that they can trust you; b) don’t lie and spread rumours; c) never betray a friend and be cautious of what you say.)

5. If you have to ask (просить) for something, make sure you ask. (It means: a) Never bully someone into giving you what you want; b) be sure to be polite and gracious when asking things from others.)

6. Watch what you're saying! (It means: a)Even if you just want to make a joke or have a conversation, you can't talk badly about any person; b) be careful not to hurt other people feelings.)

 

    12. Прочитайте и переведите описания самых известных     блюд     русской кухни. Что Вы бы порекомендовали студенту из     Великобритании? Составьте предложения по образцу:

 

You should try … It is a very tasty dish. It is made of … In Russia people usually eat it for breakfast (for lunch/for dinner/ with tea or coffee/ when celebrating holidays)

 

Sirniki – cottage cheese balls – are made of mixture of cottage cheese, eggs, sugar, salt and flour and fried on a pan. Sirniki are usually served with sour cream and sugar or jam, or honey.

Blini – very thin pancakes – are made of mixture or milk or kefir, eggs, sugar, salt and flour and fried on a pan. Blini are served with sour cream and suger, jam or honey, caviar, salted fish, grated cheese, etc. Blini can be also stuffed with different fillings: cabbage, sausages, mushrooms, etc.

Kasha – porrige or other cereals (semolina, rice, buckwheat). Cereals are boiled in milk or water with salt and sugar. Kasha is served with butter or jam or honey to your taste.

Shi – soup – is made of cabbage, potatoes, carrots, onions, tomatoes, greens, spices with or without meat. Shi is served with sourcream and dill and parsley.

Borshch – soup - is made of beets, cabbage, potatoes, carrots, onions, tomatoes, greens, spices with or without meat. Shi is served with sourcream and dill and parsley.

Olivye (well known abroad as «Russian salad») – salad – is made of boiled vegetables: potatoes and carrots, boiled chicken, pickled cucumbers and canned peas. The salad is covered with mayonnaise. Some cooks add also fresh cucumbers, greens, fresh apple and sour cream to it.

Okroshka – soup. It's name originated from the Russian word «kroshit» which means «to chop/to cut». The base of this cold soup is kvas – traditional Russian sparkling drink made of rye bread. Boiled meat or sausage, boiled eggs, boiled potatoes, fresh cucumbers, radish and greens are added to kvas.

 

Pirozki – cakes. Pirozki are made of dough (mixture of flour, milk, butter, eggs and yeast) with different fillings: fried cabbage, fish, meat, mashed potatoes, boiled carrots, green onions and boiled eggs, apples, jam, rice and boiled egs. Pirozki are served with sour cream and melted butter.

 

Fried or marinated smelt – small fish with the smell of fresh cucumbers. Smelt is very popular in St. Petersburg. Smelt is coated with salted flour and fried.

 

13. Впишите в таблицу в РТ и обсудите, какая еда:

 

1. Tasty –вкусная (tastier-the tastiest)

2. Healthy-полезная для здоровья (healthier-the healthiest)

3. Popular- популярная (more popular-the most popular)

4. Nourishing – питательная (more nourishing – the most nourishing)

5. Easily found in restaurants – легко найти в ресторанах (easier found in restaurants-the easiest found in restaurants)

6. Cheap- дешёвая (cheaper-the cheapest)

7. Expensive- дорогая (more expensive-the most expensive)

8. Widly recommended- широко рекомендуемая (wider recommended-the widest recommended)

9. Widly advertised – широко рекламируемая (wider advertised-the widest advertised)

10. Typical Russian/English- типично российская/английская (more typical Russian-the most typical Russian)

 

14. Найдите информацию о самых известных блюдах английской кухни. Что Вы хотели бы попробовать в    Великобритании? Составьте небольшие диалоги по образцу:

- What would you like to try in Great Britain?

- First of all fish and chips.

- Why fish and chips first of all?

- Because …(укажите причину)

 

Baked beans on toast - canned beans on a toast made from a sliced loaf of bread.

Apple dumplings – apples (peeled and cored) are baked in a pastry shell.

Apple pie- a traditional English pie

Bangers and mash

Boiled beef and carrots

Dumplings

Irish coffee

Irish stew

Lancashire hot pot

Traditional English breakfast

Shepherd's pie

Fish and chips

 

 

UNIT 10

1. Просмотрите грамматический комментарий по теме «согласование времён» в РТ и переведите прямую речь в косвенную по образцу. Проработайте задание в парах.

1.1.

1 студент: выберите любой вопрос и озвучьте его.

2 студент: переспросите: - What did you ask?

1 студент повторяет свой вопрос в косвенной речи: - I asked …

 

Например:

- Where is the nearest shopping center?

- What did you ask?

- I asked where the nearest shopping center was.

 

1. Where will we have our lecture in physics?

2. What have you asked me to do?

3. Who was the best pupil in your school?

4. Why are you crying?

5. When do you get up on week days?

6. How much does a flat cost in this city?

7. Where are you from?

8. How did you get to the University before you had bought your car?

9. How long have you been working today?

10. When is your friend coming to St. Petersburg?

- Is it far from here?

- What did you ask?

- I asked if it was far from here.

1. Is it sunny today?

2. Are you hungry?

3. Is everybody present?

4. Were you tired yesterday?

5. Have you passed any exams?

6. Did you come in time?

7. Do you live in a hostel?

8. Are you going to your friend’s birthday party?

9. Has your friend ever been to our University?

10. Does your Mum work?

 

1.2.

 

1 студент: Выберите любое предложение и озвучьте его.

2 студент: переспросите: Sorry, I didn’t catch – what did you say?

1 студент повторяет свои слова в косвенной речи: -I said that …

 

Например:

- The tallest building in the old part of St. Petersburg is the spire of Peter and Paul Cathedral.

-  Sorry, I didn’t catch – what did you say?

- I said that the tallest building in the old part of St. Petersburg was the spire of Peter and Paul Cathedral.

 

1. Kazan Cathedral was constructed to the order of the tzar Paul I.

2. The tzar Paul I was killed in 1801 so the construction of Kazan Cathedral was supervised by the tzar Alexander I.

3. To construct Kazan Cathedral, 11 buildings on the territory were destroyed and the owners of the buildings were paid 500 rubles (each).

4. Kazan Cathedral was built from Russian materials and by Russian workers.

5. The main entrance to the Cathedral is from Kazanskaya street – not from Nevsky prospect - because entrances to Russian orthodox churches were to be from the West.

6. 3 main prospects of St.Petersburg radiate from the Admiralty: Nevsky prospect, Voznesensky prospect and Gorokhovaya street.

7. Alexander’s Column has no support – it is balanced.

8. St.Isaak’s Cathedral is the 4^th largest cupola construction in the world after St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome, St. Paul’s Cathedral in London and Santa Maria Cathedral in Florence.

9. Ohta center building has not been constructed yet and nobody knows if it will be constructed.

10. There are 67 metro stations in St. Petersburg and some new stations.

 

2. Перескажите слова диктора по образцу:

 

Диктор: - We met in the lobby.

Вы: - He said they had met in the lobby.

 

- It’s cold today.

- ……

- It’s raining cats and dogs!

- ….

- My friends have passed their first exam!

- …..

- The pie will so tasty!

- ……

- The hostel is on the opposite side of the street.

- …..

- You can get there by bus N 5.

- ……

- He played football in our team 2 years ago.

- …..

- The taxi is coming.

- …..

- I lost my ISC!

- ….

- Everybody will come in 15 minutes.

- …..

- We can meet near the Dean’s office.

- …..

- It’s an easy task!

- ….

 

3. Закройте правую (русский язык) или левую (английский язык) часть упражнения и вспомните, как переводятся слова и выражения по теме «рассказ о стране». Выучите незнакомые слова и выражения.

сountry	страна
total area	общая площадь
population	население
square kilometer	квадратный километр
to border	граничить
border	граница
to be situated	быть расположенным
North, northern	север, северный
South, southern	юг, южный
East, eastern	восток, восточный
West, western	запад, западный
coast	побережье
to be separated from	быть отделённым от …
distance	расстояние
territory	территория
capital	столица
length	длина
geographical position	географическое положение
geographical features	географические особенности
lake	озеро
river	река
supply	запас
glacier	ледник
plain land	равнина
forest belt	лесополоса
tundra	тундра
steppe	степь
freshwater	пресная вода
share	доля
to be washed	омываться
island	остров
climate	климат
moderate	умеренный
arctic	арктический
tropical	тропический
temperate	умеренный
ocean	океан
ocean basin	бассейн океана
territory	территория
state	государство
time zone	часовой пояс
political system	политическая система
Presidential (constitutional) republic	президентская (конституционная) республика
constitutional monarchy	конституционная монархия
head of the state	глава государства
to elect	избирать
three branches of power: legislative, executive and juridical	три ветви власти: законодательная, исполнительная и судебная
government	правительство
law	закон
to pass a law	принимать закон
constituency	избирательный округ
chairman	председатель
speaker	спикер
to vote	голосовать
to elect	избирать
to appoint	назначать
representative	представитель
to represent	представлять
to consist of	cостоять из
to approve	одобрять
to form	формировать
Prime Minister	премьер министр
the Cabinet	кабинет

4. Ответьте на вопросы по Великобритании и России. Проверьте правильность ответов по РТ.

 

Do you know much about Great Britain?

 

1. Can you name any popular English actors?

2. Can you name any popular English football players?

3. Can you name any well known English football clubs?

4. What colour are telephone booths in London?

5. What kind of buses is the most typical for London?

6. What is the name of the Queen's palace in London?

7. What is the official address of the English Prime Minister?

8. What is the most famous clock in London?

9. Where can you see a lot of pigeaons in London?

10. Who wrote books about Harry Potter?

11. How many cell phones do English people own?

12. What is the name of the English Queen?

 

Do you know much about Russia?

 

1. Can you name any popular Russian actors?

2. Can you name any popular Russian football players?

3. Can you name any well known Russian football clubs?

4. What is the most famous clock in Moscow?

5. Where is the office of the Russian Prime Minister situated?

6. What are stars on the Kremlin made of?

7. Can you name any famous Russian museums?

8. What is the name of the first Russian Emperor?

9. How many people have cell phones in Russia?

10. Who is the most famous Russian writer (in the world)?

11. What animal is the symbol of Sochi Olympic Games?

12. What city is the largest in Russia? And the second largest?

 

5. Разделитесь на подгруппы, прочитайте и переведите один из текстов – о России (1 подгруппа) или о Великобритании (2 подгруппа).

Russian Federation

Russia is the largest country in the world. Its total area is 17 million Km² (

square kilometers). It spans two continents (Europe and Asia) and borders Poland, the Ukraine, Belarus and the Baltic countries on the west, Finland on the north, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Mongolia and China on the south, and North Korea on TO the east. The United States and Japan are not far from the eastern coast of Russia.

The extreme northernmost point of the country's mainland is Cape Fligely on Rudolf Island of Franz Josef Land archipelago; the southernmost point is located in the Republic of Dagestan on the border with Azerbaijan. The distance between the western and the eastern borders of Russia is 9,000 km (from the Vistula Spit in Kaliningrad Bay to Cape Dezhnev in Chukotka); the easternmost point is Rotmanov Island in the Bering Strait. Thus, Russia's territory spans over 4,000 km from north to south, and almost 10,000 km from west to east.

There are eleven time zones in Russia (more than in any other country in the world).

The capital of Russia is Moscow.

Geography

There are about 120,000 rivers over 10 kilometers long in Russia. The total length of these rivers is 2.3 million kilometers. The largest rivers are the Ob, Irtysh, Yenisey, Amur, and Volga in the European part of the country. There are about 2 million freshwater and salt lakes in Russia. The largest lakes are Lake Baikal(which holds about 20% of the world's total freshwater supply, not counting the fresh water frozen in the polar ice caps and glaciers), Lake Ladoga, Lake Onega, and Lake Taimyr.

The forest zone covers 41% of Russia's plain lands; the share of the forest-steppe zone is 11.2% and the tundra forest belt 20.5%.

The coasts of Russia are washed by 12 seas of three ocean basins: the Atlantic Ocean (the Baltic Sea, the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov), the Arctic Ocean (the Barents Sea, the White Sea, the Kara Sea, the Laptev Sea, the East Siberian Sea and the Chukchee Sea) and the Pacific Ocean (the Bering Sea, the Sea of Okhotsk and the Sea of Japan), as well the Caspian Sea, which is a closed basin.

Climate

Due to its vast territory, Russia is a country of natural contrasts. The northern part of the country is located in the arctic and subarctic climate zones, while the southern regions have a subtropical climate. The climate of other regions of the country is moderate.

Political system of Russia

The Russian Federation is a Presidential (or a constitutional) republic. The President is the head of the state and is elected directly by the people. In fact he has much power, he controls all the three branches of power: legislative, executive and juridical. The President can even dissolve the Duma. The President has his administration, but it's not part of the Federal Government. The President is involved in the work of the legislative and executive branches.

The Federal Assembly represents the Legislative branch of power. It's made up of the two houses: the Federation Counsel and the State Duma, which makes laws. The Federal Assembly is also called the Parliament, but it's not its official name. Both chambers are headed by chairmen sometimes called speakers. The Duma consists of 450 deputies (one half is elected personally by the population, and the other half consists of the deputies who are appointed by their parties after voting). There are 94 500 constituencies in Russian Federation.

The members of the Federation Counsel are elected on a different basis. There are two representatives of each subject of the RF (89 subjects). Every law to be adopted must be approved by the State Duma, the Counsel of Federation and signed by the President. The President can veto laws passed by the Federal Assembly, but if two-thirds of the Federal Assembly members supports a law it can be passed over the President's veto.

The Federal Government represents the executive branch of power. The President appoints its head, the Chainman of the Government, but the Duma must approve his appointment.

The juridical branch of power consists of the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and lower Courts. The responsibility of the Constitutional Court is to analyse the new laws to make sure they correspond to the laws of the state. The Constitutional Court has the right to declare actions of the President, the Federal Assembly and the Federal Government unconstitutional. The Supreme Court is the highest instance for civil and criminal cases.

      

  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

 

    The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the official name of the country which consists of four main parts: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. It is situated to the north-west of the continent of Europe on 5500 islands. The largest islands are Great Britain and Ireland. The area of the country is about 244,100 square kilometers. The United Kingdom is washed by the Atlantic Ocean on the north-west and the North Sea on the East. It is separated from Europe by the English Channel (or La Manche) and the Straight of Dover (or Pas de Calais). No part of Great Britain lies more than one hundred miles from the coast. The main ports are London, Bristol, Southampton, Portsmouth, Dover, Belfast, Glasgow and Cardiff.

Climate

Great Britain has a very good geographical position. The Gulf Stream gives Britain a temperate climate. It is mild and damp: summers are not very hot and winters are not very cold. All over the world Britain is famous for its fogs. In old times when people used to heat their houses with coal the smoke from their fire places mixed with fog and formed so-called smog. An unusually thick smog in London in 1962 caused the death of more than 4, 000 people.

Geography

 

Geographically the island of Great Britain is subdivided into 2 main regions: Lowland Britain and Highland Britain. There are no high mountains in Great Britain. The highest mountain – Ben Nevis – is in Scotland. It is 1343 meters high. There are many rivers in Great Britain but they are not very long. The longest river is the Severn, the deepest and the most important river is the Thames.