Rewrite the sentences, replacing the words in brackets with collocations:

Fierce fighting     broke out             bring about peace taken prisoner

Minor incidents  declared war                   keep the peace    a lasting peace

Negotiate a peace agreement               a decisive battle  restore order

Peacekeeping forces                             within firing range peace activists

A cease fire is called                             withdraw/retreat all-out war

Signed a peace treaty/ peace agreement

1 The war between Adverbia and Collocania (started) in 1983 after a dispute over territory in the northern province. At first there were just (small events) but it soon turned into (a full-scale war). The war ended after (a battle which finally decided the course of events) in 1987.

2 There was (very violent fighting) in the capital city yesterday. United Nations (forces who will maintain peace) are expected to enter the city as soon as (the armies say they will stop firing at each other).

3 Forces sent in to (make the peace continue) in the troubled region of Phrasalia had to (turn back) after they came (within the firing distance) of rebel artillery.

4 The Sornak Republic today (officially stated that it was at war) against Hobrania.

5 Armed troops were sent in to (bring order again) after the riots and violence of last week.

6 Even though the two sides (put their names to a document officially stating that the war was at an end) last July, fighting has started again and hopes for (a peace which might continue for a long time) are fading.

7 As more of our soldiers were killed or (captured and put in prison), (people who were actively promoting peace) organised demonstrations against the unpopular war.

8 Representatives of the two sides are meeting in Zurich in an attempt to (make peace) in the troubled region. It is hoped that they will (have negotiations and agree the details for peace) which both governments can accept.

 

10. Fill in the gaps in the text:

devised                 clear                      authorities           mediators

setting up             Settlements          resolving              conflict

Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon's plan to remove Jewish 1….. from the Gaza Strip will prove ineffective if it does not follow the international Road Map peace plan for the Middle East 2….., Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said after a meeting with Palestinian Foreign Minister Nabil Shaat in Moscow on Friday. Shaat said that the Palestinian 3….. wholeheartedly support the principles of the Road Map. He said that he will leave Moscow reassured. He added that he expects the Road Map to be realized in the interests of 4….. the Palestinian-Israeli confrontation and of 5….. an independent Palestinian state. The Road Map was 6….. by a quartet of international 7….., Russia, the United States, the United Nations and the European Union. Asked whether Russia and the United States have significant differences over how to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, Lavrov said,”I would not say that they have. We will 8….. all of this up at a meeting of the quartet.”

 

11. Render the text in English:

Федеральный судья Лос-Анджелеса Одри Колинз признал неконституционными некоторые положения американского антитеррористического закона, известного как USA Patriot Act. Неконституционной признана часть документа, запрещающая оказывать материальную и иную помощь иностранным организациям, которые признаны террористическими. По мнению судьи, данное положение противоречит первой поправке Конституции США и является незаконным.

USA Patriot Act был подписан 26 октября 2001 года президентом США Джорджем Бушем. Данный антитеррористической закон был принят в ответ на теракт 11 сентября 2001 года и дает правительству и полиции Соединенных Штатов широкие полномочия по надзору за гражданами страны. Признание части Patriot Act не соответствующей основному американскому закону страны происходит впервые. Эксперты отмечают, что в связи с набирающей обороты в США предвыборной кампанией, возможно, данный прецедент будет иметь некоторый общественный резонанс. Но до серьезного конфликта в законодательном хозяйстве этой страны дело, скорее всего, не дойдет, подчеркивают специалисты.

12. Scan the text and discuss the situation and measures that could be taken to improve it: