In pairs, discuss the questions

1. What must we do to prevent the spread of infection?

2. What are the first symptoms of this infectious disease?

3. How can the disease pass from one person to another?

 

Тема 6.8.Детскиеболезни. Скарлатина / ScarletFever

Level A

We learn the new words / Мыучимновыеслова

 passfrom – переходитьот

quick- быстрый

disease – заболевание

sore throat – боль в горле

headache – головная боль

Peel – шелушиться

Fluiddiet - жидкая пища

Supportivetherapy – поддерживающая терапия

Hydration – восполнение потери жидкости

Anti-pyresis - применение жаропонижающих средств

Toreduce – снижать

Rheumaticfever - острая ревматическая лихорадка

GABHS - бета-гемолитический стрептококк группы А (Group A Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcus)

Efficacy – эффективность, способность

Cephalosporins – цефалоспорин

Macrolide - макролидный антибиотик

Efficacious – эффективный

We read the text / Мычитаем

Scarlet fever

Scarlet fever is an infectious disease. We can often meet this disease in children. The disease passes from one person to another through the nose and mouth. The beginning of the disease is quick. Scarlet fever usually starts within two to four days of incubation, although the incubation period can last between one and seven days. The patient has a sore throat, fever/ headache and he often vomits. The temperature rises quickly-on the first day. The rash appears on the second day. After the temperature falls the skin begins to peel. We must isolate the child with scarlet fever and put him in bed.

When the temperature is high the nurse gives him fluid diet and when the temperature falls she gives him nourishing food.

Management of scarlet fever

Children with scarlet fever require supportive therapy, including hydration, pain control, and anti-pyresis.

Antibiotic therapy may shorten the duration of illness and reduce symptoms; more importantly, it prevents supportive complications and rheumatic fever. GABHS is susceptible to standard penicillin which remains the first-line therapy, although studies have documented similar efficacy of easier dosed penicillin’s and cephalosporins. For penicillin allergic patients, a course of clinda-mycin or a macrolide antibiotic is efficacious.

 

SayitinEnglish / Скажите это по-английски

Инфекционное заболевание, у детей, инкубационный период, лихорадка, рвота, давать жидкую пищу, когда температура падает, обезболивание, может сократить, продолжительность болезни, восприимчивый к, терапия первой линии.

Fill in the gaps using words / Заполнитепропуски, используяслова:

patients, disease, nose, temperature falls, often, standard penicillin, mouth

Scarlet fever is an infectious...

The disease passes from one person to another through the... and ….

The patient has a sore throat, fever/ headache and he …vomits.

When the …she gives him nourishing food.

GABHS is susceptible to ….which remains the first-line therapy

For penicillin allergic …, a course of clinda-mycin or a macrolide antibiotic is efficacious.

Agreeordisagreewiththestatements / Согласитесь или не согласитесь с утверждениями

(That’sright – правильно; That’swrong – неправильно)

1. After the temperature falls, the skin begins to peel.

2. We must not isolate the child with scarlet fever.

3. The disease passes from one child to another through the nose and mouth.

4. When the temperature falls, the nurse gives the patient nourishing food.

Level B

Vocabulary

Scarlet fever - cкарлатина

Streptococcus pyogenes - иогенныйстрептококк

Pink-red rash –розоватаясыпь

Strep throat - стрептококковое воспаление горла

Airborne - воздушнокапельный

Droplets - капли

doorknob – ручка двери

Rash - сыпь

Red blotches – красные пятна

Nausea - тошнота

Headache – головная боль

А throat swab – мазок из зева

DNA - ДНК

accelerate - ускорять

recover - выздоравливать

Amoxicillin - Амоксициллин

Azithromycin - Азитромицин

Clarithromycin (Biaxin) – Кларитромицин (биаксин)

Clindamycin (Cleocin) - Клиндамицин (клеоцин)

cephalosporin - Цефалоспорин

Сephalexin - Цефалексин

Tylenol (acetaminophen) – Тайленол (ацетаминофен)

Calamine lotion - жидкость от солнечных ожогов

Оtitis media - отит среднего уха

handkerchief – носовой платок

Reading

Scarlet Fever: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

Scarlet fever, also known as scarlatina, is a disease caused by a toxin released by the bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes, the same organism that causes strep throat. Scarlet fever mainly affects children and is characterized by a distinctive pink-red rash.

Scarlet fever used to be considered a serious childhood illness but modern antibiotics have made it a much rarer and less threatening disease. However, if left untreated, scarlet fever can sometimes lead to serious complications.

Fast facts on scarlet fever

§ The bacteria that causes strep throat is also responsible for scarlet fever

§ The condition can be successfully treated with antibiotics

§ The primary symptoms are rash, sore throat, and fever

Causes of scarlet fever

Scarlet fever is more common in children aged from 5-15.

Scarlet fever is caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes, or group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus. This is the same bacterium that causes strep throat.

When the bacteria release toxins, scarlet fever symptoms occur.

Scarlet fever transmits from human-to-human by fluids from the mouth and nose. When an infected individual coughs or sneezes, the bacteria become airborne in droplets of water and can be inhaled.

The bacteria can land on surfaces, such as drinking glasses, work surfaces, and doorknobs, and infect people who touch them with their hands and then touch their own nose or mouth. The bacteria may also be inhaled.

If someone touches the skin of an individual with a streptococcal skin infection, there is a risk of becoming infected. People who share towels, baths, clothes, or bed linen with an infected person are at risk.

A person with scarlet fever who is not treated may be contagious for several weeks, even after symptoms have gone. Additionally, some individuals can carry the infection and be contagious, without ever showing any symptoms - only people who are susceptible to the toxins released by streptococcal bacteria develop symptoms.

These factors make it harder for individuals to know whether they have been exposed.

Although much less common, people may become infected by touching or consuming contaminated food, especially milk.

Symptoms of scarlet fever

Signs and symptoms generally appear about 1-4 days after initial infection. The first symptoms of scarlet fever are usually:

§ A very sore and red throat (sometimes with white or yellowish patches).

§ A fever of 101 Fahrenheit (38.3 Celsius) or higher, frequently with chills. 12-48 hours later, the rash will appear.

§ Rash - red blotches appear on the skin; they then turn into a fine pink-red rash that looks like sunburn.