V. Translate, paying attention to the Infinitive.

 

1. The teacher said that the laboratory work to be done was complicated.

2. The problem to be discussed now is the direction of current flow,

3. They wanted the experiment to be made next week.

4. The power station to be built on this river will supply the town with electric energy.

5. We have a number of problems to be solved.

6. We know electrical charges to be positive and negative.

 VI. Translate, paying attention to the Complex Subject.

1. This mechanism is believed to be the best for converting heat into work.

2. Some liquids proved to be good conductors of electricity.

3. We know our Earth to revolve around the Sun.

4. The new plant is reported to have gone into operation in our town.

5. Faraday is known to have measured the electric current for the first time in the world.

6. We know the electric cell to be a device for convening chemical energy into electrical energy.

7. Lomonosov and Rithman happened to work at the same time.

8. We consider this instrument to be useful for different purposes

VII. Translate, paying attention to Complex Object.

1. We know Lomonosov to have paid particular attention to the development of Russian science.

2. Electricians consider silver and copper to be the best conductors of electricity.

3. This problem seems to be rather difficult.

4. We know Lomonosov to have worked at many problems of electricity.

5. Lightning is known to be a great electric spark between charged clouds.

6. We know Franklin to have invented the lightning rod.

7. Industrial electronic equipment is known to play a very importing role today.

8. We have seen bodies become charged by fiction.

 

VIII. Translate, paying attention to the Past Participle.

1. The students compared the results obtained.

2. The phenomenon discovered attracted the scientist's attention.

3. The method applied increased the production of generators.

4. The machine tested showed good results.

 

IX. Translate the sentences paying attention to the ing-forms. Define whether they are Gerunds or Participle.

1. We increase the resistance of metals by raising their temperature.

2. On receiving successful results he carried out various experiments of this kind.

3. We have learned of his starting a series of new laboratory experiments.

4. No change can be made in this branch of industry without introducing new technology.

5. They continued testing until the sample was destroyed.

6. The main purpose of a transformer is providing the change of voltage.

7. He went on studying the nature of that new phenomenon,

8. There are different means of producing an electric current.

9. We heard of that experiment having been started last week,

10. I like translating technical books from English into Russian.

11. I was told of his having gone to Leningrad for a few days-

 

Glossary of Terms

Be ready to give definitions to the following terms.

Alternating current — a current reversing its direction at regular intervals, the total flow in one direction being equal to that in the other.

Alternator — a generator that produces alternating current.

Ammeter — an instrument for measuring electric current.

Amperage means ''amount" of electricity flowing. In other words it is current in amperes.

Ampere — the practical unit of electric current. It is the flow of 625×10(18) electrons passing a given point in a conductor in 1 second.

Armature — a movable piece of iron or other magnetic material designed to be acted upon by a magnetic force. The part of a dynamo designed to cut out lines of force by rotating in a stationary magnetic field or by remaining fixed in a moving magnetic field; the corresponding part of a motor.

Battery — a group of two or more cells connected together for generating electric current by chemical reactions.

Conductor — a material through which a current passes readily.

Direct current — a current which always flows in the same direction but may change in magnitude.

Fuse — a safety device used to protect the line from overloading.

Frequency — the number of cycles per second. In Russia the standard frequency for electric power is 50 c.p.s. The frequency of radio waves is one million c.p.s.

Generator - any machine by which mechanical energy is changed into electrical energy,

Kilowatt - the unit of power; rate of expenditure of energy 1 000 watts.

Kinetic energy - energy of motion.

Potential energy - energy of position.

Power - the time rate at which work is performed or energy is transferred. Power is work divided by the time during which the work is done. It is usually expressed in foot-pounds per second, horsepower, and watts or kilowatts.

Step-down transformer - a transformer designed to lower the voltage of alternating current.

Step-up transformer — a transformer used to raise the voltage.

Switch - a device for making, breaking or changing the connections in an electric circuit.