II. Translate the sentences paying attention to the words underlined.

1. The energy of falling water is transformed into electric energy by means of hydraulic turbines.

2. According to the modern theory, electrons can move only in definite orbits around the nucleus.

3. Thanks to atomic power stations we are able to generate electricity in the places where there is no fuel.

4. Owing to friction a part of the energy developed by mechanical devices is lost in the form of useless heat.

5. They could not make that experiment in spite of all our efforts.

              TEST YOURSELF

 

Упр. 1. Подберите правильные переводы для слов левой колонки.

1. drawing     1. повреждение

2. switch       2. ответвление

3. device       3. кнопка

4. divide             4. вещество

5. branch        5. чертеж

6. main              6. делить

7. damage            7. выключатель

8. пружина

9. главный

10. прибор

 

Упр. 2. Подберите правильные переводы для слов левой колонки.

1. short circuit     1. безопасность

2. fuse                2. путь

3. join                3. вставлять

4. safety             4. короткое замыкание

5. insert        5. часть

6. convenient     6. предохранитель

7. path               7. разность

8. удобный

9. соединять

10. пружина

 

Упр. 3. Подберите правильные переводы для слов левой колонки.

1. кнопочный выключатель           1. result from

2. ссылаться на                       2. pushbutton

3. привести к                           3. in such a manner

4. явиться результатом     4. achieve

5. причина                           5. result in

6. таким образом                    6. refer to

7. достигать                       7. spring

                                              8. path

                                             9. minute

                                              10. cause

 

Упр. 4. Подберите синонимы для слов левой колонки.

1. supply       1. connect

2. device           2. small

3. join                     3. finish

4. reason           4. provide

5. stop                    5. one

6. single            6. purpose

7. minute      7. instrument

 

Упр. 5. Вставьте нужное слово.

1. results (noun)

2. results in (verb)

3. results from (verb)

1. Heat.. chemical changes,

2. This worker achieved good... in his work-

3, Friction... a loss of velocity when water flows through a pipe,

Упр. 6. Укажите поочередно номера предложений, в которых ing - form является герундием.

1. The magnet having the north pole and the south pole. we can use it in the compass.

2. Electronics opens wonderful possibilities for controlling various technological processes.

3. The pole of the magnet pointing to the south is called the south pole of the magnet.

4. We know of his starting some laboratory experiments.

5. She cannot read English newspapers without consulting a dictionary.

6. Rationalizing his work he got good results.

7. Rationalizing his work gave very good results.

8. They were speaking about his being sent to Moscow.

9. Using a transformer it is possible to transform power at low voltage into power at high voltage,

10. Porcelain insulators protect power lines from discharging the current to the ground.

 

Упр. 7. Укажите порядковый номер предложения, выпишите сложный герундиальный оборот и переведите предложение.

1. We know of many experiments being made at our Research Institute.

2. The students heard of the new installation having been put into operation.

3. The teacher was against your being given tills article to translate.

 

 

Lesson 4.

Text.

Fuses

A fuse is a safety device and must be put in every circuit where there is danger of overloading the line. All the current used must pass through the fuse. The fuse is the weakest link in the circuit. If there were no fuse in the circuit, a short circuit or overload would cause more current to flow than the carrying capacity of the wire, the wire would become hot and set fire to the insulation. Thus, in order to avoid fire in insulation, they are provided with fuses.

All fuses have a number stamped on them showing the carrying capacity in amperes. If the current flow is greater than the carrying capacity of the fuse, the fuse melts, or "blows", resulting in an open circuit.

In all fuses, the metal alloy link is enclosed to prevent a spark or flash when the fuse blows. If metal alloy were not enclosed in the fuse, the fuse would cause a fire when blowing. In other words, fuses do not cause a fire provided the metal alloy links are enclosed in the fuses.

There are two general types of fuses. One is the plug fuse, which is the most common household type, ranging from 5 to 30 amperes and may be removed easily from the fuse block. The other is the cartridge fuse. The cartridge fuse is used in 220 volt systems to carry the load as high as 30 amperes.

When a fuse "blows", it indicates trouble. Perhaps a short has occurred, for example, insulation has worn off, so that bare wires come together inside the appliance. Perhaps too many appliances have been connected at one time.

The thing to do is to remove the cause of the overload. To take care of the fuse, go to the fuse box and determine which fuse has blown. If the fuse link is broken, unscrew the fuse and replace it with a good fuse of the same size and amperage. Do not put in a fuse of greater capacity.

Words and word combinations:

fuse –плавкий предохранитель

carrying capacity - грузоподъемность

cartridge fuse – патроновый предохранитель

occur – происходить, иметь место

household type – домашнего типа

plug fuse – плавкий предохранитель

metal alloy – металлический сплав

bare –неизолированный

spark - искра

Assignment:

I. Find in the text the following words and word combinations:

Предохранительное устройство, плавкий предохранитель, емкость в амперах,  неизолированные провода,