Text The nature of electricity

Lesson 3………………………….

Text Uses of electricity

Lesson 4………………………….

Text Famous inventor- Yablochkov

Lesson 5………………………….

Text Great Russian scientist - Lomonosov

UNIT TWO MAGNETISM

Lesson 1………………………….

Text  Kinds of magnets

Lesson 2………………………….

Text  Field of force

Lesson 3………………………….

Text Magnetism induced by electric flow

UNIT THREE TYPES OF ELECTRICITY

Lesson1………………………….

Text Two types of electricity

Lesson 2………………………….

Text Direct current

Lesson 3………………………….

Text Electricity in cells

Lesson 4………………………….

Text The induction of coil

Lesson 5………………………….

Text Capacity

Lesson 6………………………….

Text The simple transformer

UNIT IV KINDS OF CURRENTS

Lesson 1………………………….

Text Two kinds of current

Lesson 2………………………….

Text Conductors and insulators

Lesson 3………………………….

Text Semiconductors

UNIT V TYPES OF CIRCUITS

Lesson 1………………………….

Text Familiar types of Circuits

Lesson 2………………………….

Text Switches

Lesson 3………………………….

Text Potential and difference of potential

Lesson 4………………………….

Text Fuses

Lesson 5………………………….

Text Storage batteries

Lesson 6………………………….

Text Charging of storage batteries

UNIT VI MEASURING DEVICES

Lesson 1………………………….

Text Measuring devices

Lesson 2………………………….

Text Electroscope

UNIT VII ELECTRICAL MACHINES

Lesson 1………………………….

Text Electrical power and horsepower

Lesson 2………………………….

Text Generator

Lesson 3………………………….

    Text Direct current generator and its application

Lesson 4………………………….

Text Electrical motor

Lesson 5………………………….

Text Transformer

Lesson 6………………………….

Text Care of equipment

Lesson 7………………………….

Text Care of motors

UNIT VIII ELECTRONICS

Lesson 1………………………….

Text Electronic emission

Lesson 2………………………….

Text Diod, triod, pentode

Lesson 3………………………….

Text Electromagnetic waves

Lesson 4………………………….

Text Wireless waves. Sound waves

Lesson 5………………………….

Text Transistors

UNIT 1.

ELECTRICITY.

USES OF ELECTRICITY

Lesson 1.

Text.

                         The History of Electricity

Let’s speak about the history of electricity. The study of electricity began with Dr. William Gilbert who lived at about the same time as Galileo Galilei. In 1600 he wrote a book describing experiments on electricity and magnetism.

Russia played an important part in the development of electrical science.In spite of difficult conditions under which the scientists and inventors had to work in tzarist Russia they discovered electrical phenomena of great importance. In addition to that Russian scientists and inventors always tried to find practical application for the phenomena discovered.

The first work on electricity published in Russia was that written by the father of Russian science Lomonosov. Lomonosov was the first to find that heat, light and electricity are different forms of movement. He was also the first to find the electrical nature of some atmospheric phenomena.

Academician Petroff was the first scientist in the world who observed the phenomena known later as the electric arc. Another Russian scientist Yablochkov made a great contribution to the development of electrical science. It was Yablochkov who created the principle of a transformer. It is he who found the first practical application of the electric arc.

Thanks to Lodygin's great discovery, an electric lamp lights up our rooms.

Popov transmitted signals by means of electromagnetic waves and gave the world his great discovery— radio.

It is Lebedev who discovered and measured the pressure of light. The photoelectric effect was among the numerous discoveries of the famous Russia scientist Stoletov.

However, it is impossible even to list here the great inventions and discoveries that our scientists made in various fields of science and engineering.

 

           

 Words and word combinations:

development – развитие

science – наука

in spite of – несмотря на

difficult conditions – трудные условия

practical application – практическое применение

to observe – наблюдать

to make a great contribution – внести огромный вклад

to create – создавать

to try – пытаться

electric arc – электрическая дуга

to measure – измерять

pressure –давление

numerous – многочисленный

various – разный, разнообразный, различный

field of science – область науки

Assignment:

I. Find in the text the following words and word combinations:

Который жил,  играла важную роль, несмотря на, царская Россия, найти практическое применение, различные формы движения, атмосферные явления, электрическая дуга, который создал, благодаря, освещать, при помощи (посредством) электромагнитных волн, невозможно, в различных областях науки и техники.  

II. Answer the questions.

1. When did the study of electricity begin?

2. Russia played an important part in the development of electrical science, didn't it?

3. Did Russian scientists and inventors discover electrical phenomena of great importance?

4. Who published the first work on electricity in Russia?

5. What did Lomonosov find?

6. Was Lomonosov the first to find the electrical nature of some atmospheric phenomena?

7. Yablochkov made a great contribution to the development of electrical science, didn't he?

8.Who created the principle of a transformer?

9. Is Lodygin an inventor of an electric lamp?

10. Who was the first to transmit signals by means of electromagnetic waves?

11. Is it possible to list all great inventions and discoveries that our scientists made in various fields of science and engineering?