III. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент.

1. Heat can be divided into three different types.

2. A great number of plastics should find their applications in the electrical industry.

3. An electronic machine has to be used to make these calculations.

4. Both elements were to be used in this experiment.

IV. Прочитайте и устно переведитеc1-го по 6-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 3, 4, 6 абзацы.

PHYSICS

1. Physics is one of the most ancient sciences about nature. It is the science studying various phenomena. All the changes that take place in nature are natural phenomena. Its object is to determine exact relations between physical phenomena.

In physics we call every object a physical body or simply a body. Bodies consist of matter but can differ in materials and in the quantity.

2. Modern physics is the science of motion of bodies, energy and different sound, thermal, electric, magnetic, light, optical phenomena. We study all these phenomena in the following branches of physics: mechanics, sound, heat, electricity and magnetism, light, atomic and nuclear physics.

3. Physios is divided into two great branches: experimental and theoretical physics. The task of the former is to make observations and carry out experiments. On the basis of the experimental facts theoretical physics is to formulate laws and predict the behaviour of natural phenomena. Every law is based on experiments, therefore, it is important for the experiments to be done very accurately.

It was the study of natural phenomena that made it possible to formulate various laws.

4. Physics has a long history. The history of this science begins with Galileo. He introduced the two principles that made mathematical physics possible: the law of inertia and parallelogram law. The law of inertia, now familiar as Newton's first law of motion made it possible to calculate the motions of matter by means of the law of dynamics alone.

5. After Newton the first novelty in physics was Plank's introduction of the quantum constant h. Another novelty followed in 1905, when Einstein published his theory of relativity.

6. Physics is one of the main sciences about nature and the development of many other sciences depends on the knowledge of physical phenomena. Physics together with mathematics and chemistry forms the foundation for all branches of engineering.

Discoveries in physics are very important for engineering. They resulted in the appearance of today's cinema, television, radio, various machines and mechanisms, artificial earth satelites and spaceships.

Вариант 5

I. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. В разделе (б) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.

а)

1. Astronomers have measured the exact length of the day.

2. Newton gathered the results of the experiments which had been. made by many other scientists and investigators.

3. The boiling point of water depends upon the pressure in the vessel in which the water is boiling.

4. This plant was making various kinds of instruments during last five years.

б)

1. They are given the data illustrating friction.

2. His works and investigations in the field of theoretical mechanics are always referred to.

II. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, то есть укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого.

1. Matter consists of one or a number of basic elements accruing nature.

2. When heated to a certain temperature, this alloy increases in volume.

3. The atoms form combinations known as molecules.

4. Reading English technical papers one can meet various abbreviations.