Ex. 2 Match the terms with their definitions.

keyboard, pointer, monitor, mouse, applications (program or software), CPU

 

1. A small picture that follows the mouse movements.

2. A small input device with a ball underneath that is rolled by the user to specify the position of the cursor or to make choices from the menu.

3. An input device with typewriter keys for letters, numbers and line controllers.

4. The brain of the computer.

5. A device which displays the computer output.

6. A program which executes a specific task, such as word processing, database management or financial planning.

Ex. 3 Cross odd word out.

to contain, to comprise, to include, to concern

central, additional, essential, principal

different, diverse, same, contradictory

similar, alike, parallel, usual

properly, suitably, commonly, correctly

to continue, to end, to complete, to finish

 

Ex. 4 Translate the following sentences into Russian.

1. This cache memory simply remembers instructions that the processor has executed or accessed.

2. How long had you been working at your program before you finished?

3. I have been collecting necessary information for two months. Now I have collected enough to start working on the project.

4. He will have sent his CV by 3 o’clock.

5. He had hardly done it when they came.

6. They haven’t mentioned our software in their letter.

 

Ex. 5 Choose the correct tense form.

1. She (worked, has worked, has been working) all morning.

2. I (have sent, sent, have been sending) my CV last Monday.

3. How many emails (have you written, did you write, have you been writing)?

4. Two years ago I (was working, has worked, worked) as an IT consultant.

5. He never (studies, has been studying, has studied) in the Institute.

6. I already (wait, have been waiting, waited) for you for last 15 minutes.

 

Ex. 6 Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Будь уверен, к концу рабочего дня, мы починим компьютер.

2. Я никогда не работал с базой данных.

3. С 2005 года я работаю программистом.

4. Я понял проблему, как только он объяснил ее.

5. Ты встречал его раньше?

6. С прошлого года он уже разработал 5 новых программ.

Unit 5

Read and translate the text.

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What is an operating system

An operating system is the most important software that runs on a computer. It manages the computer's memory and processes, as well as all of its software and hardware. It also allows you to communicate with the computer without knowing how to speak the computer's language. Without an operating system, a computer is useless.

Your computer's operating system (OS) manages all of the software and hardware on the computer. Most of the time, there are several different computer programs running at the same time, and they all need to access your computer's central processing unit (CPU), memory, and storage. The operating system coordinates all of this to make sure each program gets what it needs.

Operating systems usually come pre-loaded on any computer you buy. Most people use the operating system that comes with their computer, but it's possible to upgrade or even change operating systems. The three most common operating systems for personal computers are Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux.

Modern operating systems use a graphical user interface, or GUI (pronounced gooey). A GUI lets you use your mouse to click icons, buttons, and menus, and everything is clearly displayed on the screen using a combination of graphics and text.

Each operating system's GUI has a different look and feel, so if you switch to a different operating system it may seem unfamiliar at first. However, modern operating systems are designed to be easy to use, and most of the basic principles are the same.

Microsoft created the Windows operating system in the mid-1980s. Over the years, there have been many different versions of Windows, but the most recent ones are Windows 10 (released in 2015), Windows 8 (2012), Windows 7 (2009), and Windows Vista (2007). Windows comes pre-loaded on most new PCs, which helps to make it the most popular operating system in the world.

Linux is the best-known and most-used open source operating system. It’s the main difference of this OS from the other operating systems. The code used to create Linux is free and available to the public to view, edit, and—for users with the appropriate skills—to contribute to.

Glossary

tomanage – управлять

to access – иметь доступ

several – несколько

pre - loaded – предварительно загруженный

to upgrade – обновить

open source – открытый исходный код

appropriate – соответствующий

to edit – редактировать

Ex 1. Answer the questions.